hexadecanoyl-CoA

Three steps

• 1,3-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerolReach from here →
  1. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1,3-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + (9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, TAFAZZIN, PLA2G15One of 2 routes

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol + phosphocholine + H(+)

  Catalysed by LPCAT3, LPCAT1, PLA2G15, ENPP6 and 1 more

• 1-hexadecanoyl-3-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + phosphate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-3-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerol + (9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT4, GPAM, EPHX2 and 1 moreOne of 2 routes

• di-(9Z)-octadecenoylglycerolReach from here →
  1. all-trans-retinol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + CoA
  2. all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + H2O = all-trans-retinol + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl 9Z-octadecenoate + di-(9Z)-octadecenoylglycerol

  Catalysed by DGAT1, PNPLA4, AWAT2, MOGAT3 and 4 more

• 1'-[1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho],3'-[1-acyl,2-octanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerolReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Beta Oxidation Fatty Acid
  3. 1'-[1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho],3'-[1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + octanoyl-CoA = 1'-[1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho],3'-[1-acyl,2-octanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACADM, ACADS and 1 moremitochondrial matrix

• 1'-[1-acyl-2-octanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho],3'-[1-acyl,2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerolReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Beta Oxidation Fatty Acid
  3. 1',3'-bis-[1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + octanoyl-CoA = 1'-[1-acyl-2-octanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho],3'-[1-acyl,2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACADM, ACADS and 1 moremitochondrial matrix

• 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-3-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-3-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerol + (9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, TAFAZZIN, PLA2G15

• 1-O-hexadecyl-3-(9Z)-octadecenoylglycerolReach from here →
  1. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. 1-O-hexadecylglycerol + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-O-hexadecyl-3-(9Z)-octadecenoylglycerol + (9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, TAFAZZIN, PLA2G15

• 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-3-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycerol + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-3-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerol + (9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, TAFAZZIN, PLA2G15

• 1-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-2-hexadecanoylglycerolReach from here →
  1. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. 2-hexadecanoylglycerol + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-2-hexadecanoylglycerol + (9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, TAFAZZIN, PLA2G15

• 2-[(9Z)-octadecenoylamino]ethyl (9Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl) ethanolamine + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 2-[(9Z)-octadecenoylamino]ethyl (9Z)-octadecenoate + (9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, TAFAZZIN, PLA2G15

• 2-[(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoylamino]ethyl (9Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-ethanolamine + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 2-[(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoylamino]ethyl (9Z)-octadecenoate + (9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, TAFAZZIN, PLA2G15

• (9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + phosphate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-3-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerol + (9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by GPAT3, GPAT4, GPAM, EPHX2 and 1 moreOne of 12 routes

• 2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by PRDX6, LPCAT3, LPCAT1, PLA2G10 and 13 moreOne of 4 routes

• 1-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-N-acetylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-N-acetylsphing-4-enine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by PRDX6, LPCAT3, LPCAT1, TAFAZZIN and 1 more

• a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + L-serine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + ethanolamine
  3. a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + H2O = a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + ethanolamine + H(+)

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, PTDSS2, ENPP2

• 1-O-alkyl-3-acylglycerolReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  3. 1-O-alkylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = 1-O-alkyl-3-acylglycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, MOGAT2, AWAT2cytosol

• hexadecanedioateReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + H2O = hexadecanoate + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 16-hydroxyhexadecanoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)
  3. Fatty Acid Omega Oxidation (W-Ohc16->C16Dc)

  Catalysed by ACOT7, ACOT8, PLA2G6, ACAA2 and 18 morecytosol

• dodecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Activation of dodecanedioic acid

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 3 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• decanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Production of Sebacoylcarnitine

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 6 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• octanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Production of Suberylcarnitine

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 6 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• hexanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Activation of adipic acid for Formation of Adipoyl Carnitine

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 3 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-DPA)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 11 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• (11Z,14Z)-eicosadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((11Z,14Z)-eicosadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 11 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (R)-3-hydroxy-(11Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Production of 3-Hydroxyoctadecenoylcarnitinec

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 6 morecytosol

• (13Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((13Z)-eicosenoic acid)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 11 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (25R)-cholest-5-ene-3beta,26-diolReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine
  3. 2 reduced [adrenodoxin] + cholesterol + O2 + 2 H(+) = (25R)-cholest-5-ene-3beta,26-diol + 2 oxidized [adrenodoxin] + H2O

  Catalysed by CERS6, TLCD3B, CERS5, CERS2 and 2 moreOne of 2 routes

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-dodecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + dodecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-dodecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by LCLAT1, LPCAT1, LPGAT1, PLA2G10 and 3 more

• 22-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. 11-cis-retinol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 11-cis-retinyl hexadecanoate + CoA
  2. 11-peroxy-docosahexaenoate to DHA conversion
  3. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 22-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by AWAT2, CYP4F2, CYP4F3, CYP4V2 and 1 morecytosol

• 4,8-dimethylnonanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Carnitine Dimethyl Nonanoyl Transferase, Revsible, Peroxisomal

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 5 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• tetradecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C16Dc->C14Dc), Peroxisomal

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 7 morecytosol, peroxisome

• hexadecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. Production of Hexadecanedioylcarnitine

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 6 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• O-dodecanoyl-R-carnitineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase
  3. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (dodecanoylcarnitine)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, CPT1Cperoxisome, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-octadecanoyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1-octadecanoyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + octadecanoate + H(+)
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycerol + H2O = 2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-glycerol + octadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by LPCAT3, LPCAT1, PLAAT3, ABHD11

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphateReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate(out) + cholesterol(in) = 1-octadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate(in) + cholesterol(out)

  Catalysed by CERS6, TLCD3B, CERS5, CERS2 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• pristanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. fatty-acid-CoA ligase

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• a 1,3-diacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  3. a 3-acyl-sn-glycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,3-diacyl-sn-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, MOGAT1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• a 1-O-(1Z-alkenyl)-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  3. a 1-O-(1Z-alkenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an acyl-CoA = a 1-O-(1Z-alkenyl)-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, LPCAT2, LPCAT1cytosol

• a 1-O-(1Z-alkenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 2 H2O = sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine + 2 hexadecanoate + 2 H(+)
  3. a 1-O-(1Z-alkenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 2,3-saturated aldehyde + sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by PRDX6, LPCAT3, LPCAT1, PLB1 and 2 more

• a 1-O-(1Z-alkenyl)-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  3. a 1-O-(1Z-alkenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + an acyl-CoA = a 1-O-(1Z-alkenyl)-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, LPCAT4cytosol

• 1-O-(1Z)-alkenyl-2-octanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Beta Oxidation Fatty Acid
  3. a 1-O-(1Z-alkenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + octanoyl-CoA = 1-O-(1Z)-alkenyl-2-octanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACADM, ACADS and 1 moremitochondrial matrix

• undecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
  2. Palmitoleoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (undecylic acid)

  Catalysed by SCD, SCD5, ACOT7, BAAT and 9 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. H2O[c] + N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine[c] = palmitate[c] + sphingosine[c]
  3. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + (9Z)-octadecenoate

  Catalysed by CERS6, TLCD3B, CERS5, CERS2 and 6 morenucleus, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (14S)-hydroperoxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. 11-cis-retinol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 11-cis-retinyl hexadecanoate + CoA
  2. 11-peroxy-docosahexaenoate to DHA conversion
  3. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + O2 = (14S)-hydroperoxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate

  Catalysed by AWAT2, ALOX5, ALOX15, ALOX12cytosol

• 9-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. all-trans-retinol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + CoA
  2. all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + H2O = all-trans-retinol + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. retinol binding protein (retinol)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, PNPLA4, AWAT2, MOGAT3 and 5 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• a 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-acyl-sn-3-glycerol + a sphingomyelin = a 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by PRDX6, LPCAT3, LPCAT1, SGMS2 and 1 more

• 18-hydroxy-(9Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + CoA
  2. 1,2-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = 1-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 18-hydroxy-(9Z)-octadecenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, AWAT2, DGAT2, PNPLA2 and 2 more

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
  1. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + CoA
  2. 1,2-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = 1-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + H2O = sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositol + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, AWAT2, DGAT2, PNPLA2 and 1 more

• cholesteryl octadecanoateReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine
  3. octadecanoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl octadecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by CERS6, TLCD3B, CERS5, CERS2 and 2 moreOne of 6 routes

• cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + CoA

  Catalysed by CERS6, TLCD3B, CERS5, CERS2 and 3 moreOne of 2 routes