L-cystine-bis-glycine

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

472 compounds within 3 steps: 2 in 1, 77 in 2, 393 in 3

Three steps

Ala-tRNA(Ala)Reach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter
3. L-Alanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A9, SLC3A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol
glycine betaineReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
3. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes
trans-urocanateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. transport of glycine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
3. L-histidine ammonia-lyase (urocanate-forming)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A6, HALextracellular space, cytosol
urateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
3. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GSS, SLC22A13inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophanReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, TPH1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol
methylarsonous acidReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
3. methylarsonate + 2 glutathione + H(+) = methylarsonous acid + glutathione disulfide + H2O
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GSS, GSTO1 and 1 more
4-methyl-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Leucine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter
3. L-Leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A9, SLC3A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes
CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. L-cystine(out) + L-arginine(in) = L-cystine(in) + L-arginine(out)
3. Transport by Y+Lat-2 into Extracellular Space
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A9, SLC3A2 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes
3-phenylpyruvateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
3. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, GOT2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 6 routes
dTDPReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. L-cystine thiocysteine-lyase (deaminating
3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, CTH, PKM and 1 morecytosol
CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter
3. Transport of Hydroxy-Proline
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A9, SLC3A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes
N-carbamoyl-beta-alanineReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
3. Transport of 3-Ureidopropionate
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC6A9, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes
N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. 5-Phospho-D-ribosylamine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
3. 10-formyltetrahydrofolate:5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GARTcytosol
arsenic triglutathioneReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
3. arsenic triglutathione + 3 [thioredoxin]-dithiol + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = trimethylarsine + 3 [thioredoxin]-disulfide + 3 glutathione + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3 H(+)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GSS, AS3MTOne of 3 routes
2-phenylethylamineReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
3. L-phenylalanine carboxy-lyase (phenylethylamine-forming)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, DDCextracellular space, cytosol
2-formamido-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidineReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
3. 5'-Phosphoribosylformylglycinamide:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, PFASextracellular space, cytosol
gamma-L-glutamyl-(2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
3. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + L-glutamate + ATP = gamma-L-glutamyl-(2S)-2-aminobutanoate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, AGXT2, GCLC
S-methylmercury-L-cysteineReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Leucine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter
3. S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(in) + L-leucine(out) = S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(out) + L-leucine(in)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A9, SLC3A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 6 routes
2-aminoisobutanoateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter
3. 2-aminoisobutanoate(out) + L-alanine(in) = 2-aminoisobutanoate(in) + L-alanine(out)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A9, SLC3A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes
15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathioneReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
3. 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 + glutathione = 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathione
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GSS, MGST3
(6R)-10-formyltetrahydrofolateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine
3. (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + formate + ATP = (6R)-10-formyltetrahydrofolate + ADP + phosphate
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SHMT1, SHMT2 and 2 more
(5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
3. (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + 2 glutathione = (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GSS, GPX1 and 1 more
(12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
3. (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + 2 glutathione = (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GSS, GPX1 and 1 more
(15S)-hydroxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
3. (15S)-hydroperoxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoate + 2 glutathione = (15S)-hydroxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GSS, GPX1 and 1 more
(17S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
3. (17S)-hydroperoxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + 2 glutathione = (17S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GSS, GPX1 and 1 more
a hydroxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
3. a hydroperoxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 2 glutathione = a hydroxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine + glutathione disulfide + H2O
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GSS, GPX4
glycodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
3. glycodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SULT2A1cytosol
5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. L-cystine thiocysteine-lyase (deaminating
3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, CTH, AGXT2cytosolOne of 8 routes
5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. L-cystine thiocysteine-lyase (deaminating
3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, CTH, AGXT2cytosolOne of 4 routes
5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. L-cystine thiocysteine-lyase (deaminating
3. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, CTH, AGXT2cytosolOne of 4 routes
(6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
3. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SHMT1cytosolOne of 7 routes
S-disulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. thioredoxin-disulfide reductase (NADPH) (cystine)
3. S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-cysteine = S-disulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, TXNRD1, TXNRD3 and 2 morecytosol
(5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, HADHA and 2 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes
(11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, SLC27A2 and 7 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes
(7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, SLC27A2 and 7 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 8 routes
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, HADHA and 2 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes
(7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, HADHA and 2 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix
(4Z,7Z)-decadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, ECHS1 and 2 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes
(5Z)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C8:1), Mitochondrial
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, ECHS1 and 2 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes
3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanalReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
3. (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal + glutathione = 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanal
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GSS, GSTP1
glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. glycine to glycoursodeoxycholate conversion
3. glycoursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SULT2A1cytosol
glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + glycine = glycochenodeoxycholate + CoA + H(+)
3. glycochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, SULT2A1
deoxycholateReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2cytosol
a quinolReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
3. a quinone + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + a quinol
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GSS, SQOR
hypochlorous acidReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
3. Peroxidase
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes
potassium atomReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. L-cystine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-cystine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
3. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A13, SLC1A7 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes
CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, ACSM4 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes
elaidic acidReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, SLC27A2 and 7 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes
5-hydroxytryptophanReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
3. L-Tryptophan, Tetrahydrobiopterin:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (5-Hydroxylating)
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, TPH1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes
5(S)-HETEReach from here →
1. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine
2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
3. Glutathione: 5-HPETE oxidoreductase
Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GSS, GPX5 and 8 morecytosolOne of 2 routes