Catalyst

Reference

Evidence

CompoundsSubstances with curated findings
OutcomesMeasured endpoints
ProteinsTransporters and enzymes
InteractionsPairs that share biology
PapersEvery paper a finding cites
ArticlesReadings of the evidence

Chemistry

ReactionsRhea and Human-GEM, by subsystem
ReachWhat a compound can become

Reference layer

PathwaysReactions grouped under one name
ProcessesWhat proteins are annotated as doing
AnatomyTissues, by what is expressed there
Cell typesCells, by what is expressed there
OrganismsSpecies a compound is prepared from
MaterialsSubstances that are not one molecule
AssessmentsRegulatory determinations, transcribed
DiseasesFeatures, genes, and where each sits

Atlas Graph Twin Access

Search the graph

Search ?

Reference

Evidence

Compounds
Outcomes
Proteins
Interactions
Papers
Articles

Chemistry

Reactions
Reach

Reference layer

Pathways
Processes
Anatomy
Cell types
Organisms
Materials
Assessments
Diseases

Atlas Graph Twin Access

Loading the page.

Catalyst

Computational infrastructure for human biology, built on a provenance-aware knowledge graph. Findings retain their sources; research and simulation are the next layers.

The graph

Compounds
Outcomes
Proteins
Atlas
Interactions
Papers
Articles
Graph
Search

Reference layer

Pathways
Processes
Anatomy
Cell types
Organisms
Materials
Assessments
Diseases
Reactions
Reach

How it works

Mission
Method
Twin
How to read the evidence
Sources and licences

Build on it

Access
In your assistant
For agents
Query the graph
Bulk export

A reference for what the literature reports. Not medical advice.

Reach

N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

Inferred

Every route here is a hypothesis drawn from reference reactions (Rhea and Human-GEM), not a finding. Currency species such as water, ATP and NAD(H) never form a step. Evidence key

440 compounds within 3 steps: 6 in 1, 64 in 2, 370 in 3

Does it reach a compound?

Two steps

N-eicosanoyl-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
2. eicosanoyl-CoA + sphing-4-enine = N-eicosanoyl-sphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
Catalysed by ACER3, TLCD3B, CERS2endoplasmic reticulum
N-tetracosanoyl-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
2. tetracosanoyl-CoA + sphing-4-enine = N-tetracosanoyl-sphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
Catalysed by ACER3, CERS2endoplasmic reticulum
1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, LCATOne of 9 routes
N-(15Z-tetracosenoyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
2. N-(15Z-tetracosenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = (15Z)-tetracosenoate + sphing-4-enine
Catalysed by ACER3, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes
N-(tetracosenoyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
2. tetracosenoyl-CoA + sphing-4-enine = N-(tetracosenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
Catalysed by ACER3, CERS2endoplasmic reticulum
(25R)-cholest-5-ene-3beta,26-diolReach from here →
1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
2. 2 reduced [adrenodoxin] + cholesterol + O2 + 2 H(+) = (25R)-cholest-5-ene-3beta,26-diol + 2 oxidized [adrenodoxin] + H2O
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, CYP27A1
1-octadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphateReach from here →
1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
2. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate(out) + cholesterol(in) = 1-octadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate(in) + cholesterol(out)
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, OSBPL2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes
18-hydroxy-(9Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 18-hydroxy-(9Z)-octadecenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)
Catalysed by ACER3, CYP4A11, CYP4F11endoplasmic reticulum
1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
2. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + H2O = sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositol + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)
Catalysed by ACER3, ABHD12endoplasmic reticulum
cholesteryl octadecanoateReach from here →
1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
2. octadecanoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl octadecanoate + CoA
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, SOAT1
cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + CoA
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, SOAT2, SOAT1One of 2 routes
sphinga-4E,14Z-dienineReach from here →
1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
2. sphing-4-enine + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = sphinga-4E,14Z-dienine + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
Catalysed by ACER3, FADS3endoplasmic reticulum
cholesteryl (9Z)-hexadecenoateReach from here →
1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
2. (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl (9Z)-hexadecenoate + CoA
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, SOAT1
(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-cholesterolReach from here →
1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
2. (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoA + cholesterol = (9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-cholesterol + CoA
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, SOAT2One of 2 routes
cholesteryl (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatrienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, LCAT
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosapentaenoyl)-cholesterolReach from here →
1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + cholesterol = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosapentaenoyl)-cholesterol + CoA
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, SOAT2One of 2 routes
4beta-hydroxycholesterolReach from here →
1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
2. cholesterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 4beta-hydroxycholesterol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, CYP3A4
cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z-eicosatrienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosatrienoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, LCAT
(6Z,9Z,12Z-octadecatrienoyl)-cholesterolReach from here →
1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(6Z,9Z,12Z-octadecatrienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = (6Z,9Z,12Z-octadecatrienoyl)-cholesterol + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, LCAT
cholesteryl (11Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
2. (11Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl (11Z)-octadecenoate + CoA
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, SOAT1

Three steps

(20R,22R)-20,22-dihydroxycholesterolReach from here →
Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, CYP11A1
CHEBI:12947Reach from here →

Page 2 of 9

Catalysed by ACER3, CERS1, CERS6, CERS3 and 4 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 5 routes

CHEBI:1307929Reach from here →

beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
cholesterol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = cholesteryl (9Z-octadecenoate) + CoA
Steryl-ester acylhydrolase

Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 2 morelysosomeOne of 18 routes

(5E)-tetradecenoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →

H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
Utilized Transport
carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((9E)-tetradecenoyl-CoA)

Catalysed by ACER3, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 7 routes

an acyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →

H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
an acyl-CoA + H2O = an acyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

Catalysed by ACER3, NUDT19, FITM2, NUDT8Golgi apparatus, cytosol

pregnenolone sulfateReach from here →

beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
6 reduced [adrenodoxin] + cholesterol + 3 O2 + 6 H(+) = 4-methylpentanal + pregnenolone + 6 oxidized [adrenodoxin] + 4 H2O
3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:pregnenolone sulfotransferase

Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, CYP11A1, SULT2B1cytosolOne of 4 routes

1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-3-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycerolReach from here →

H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
(9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
1-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-3-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycerol + CoA

Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 7 moreendoplasmic reticulum

N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycineReach from here →

H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
(9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
(9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + CoA + H(+)

Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 7 moreendoplasmic reticulum

9-(9Z-octadecenoyloxy)-octadecanoateReach from here →

H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+) = 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H2O
1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + 9-hydroxy-octadecanoate = 9-(9Z-octadecenoyloxy)-octadecanoate + 2,3-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerol

Catalysed by ACER3, DGAT1, LIPA, PNPLA4 and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum

(24S)-hydroxycholesterol 24-sulfateReach from here →

beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
cholesterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (24S)-hydroxycholesterol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)
(24S)-hydroxycholesterol + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = (24S)-hydroxycholesterol 24-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, CYP46A1, SULT2A1

(24S)-hydroxycholesterol 3-sulfateReach from here →

beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
cholesterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (24S)-hydroxycholesterol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)
(24S)-hydroxycholesterol + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = (24S)-hydroxycholesterol 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, CYP46A1, SULT2B1 and 2 more

1-O-(9Z-octadecenyl)-2,3-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycerolReach from here →

H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
(9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
1-O-(9Z-octadecyl)-3-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-O-(9Z-octadecenyl)-2,3-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycerol + CoA

Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 8 moreendoplasmic reticulum

an N-acyl-sphinga-4E,14Z-dienineReach from here →

H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
an N-acylsphing-4-enine + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = an N-acyl-sphinga-4E,14Z-dienine + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O

Catalysed by ACER3, CERS1, CERS6, CERS3 and 4 moreendoplasmic reticulum

2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →

H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + 1-octadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, PLA2G15endoplasmic reticulum

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →

H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, PLA2G4Cendoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

2-nonadioyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →

H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1-hexadecanoyl-2-nonadioyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 2-nonadioyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, PLA2G15endoplasmic reticulum

N-hexadecanoyl-sphinga-4E,14Z-dienineReach from here →

H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
sphing-4-enine + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = sphinga-4E,14Z-dienine + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O
sphinga-4E,14Z-dienine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoyl-sphinga-4E,14Z-dienine + CoA + H(+)

Catalysed by ACER3, FADS3, CERS6, CERS5endoplasmic reticulum

(7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →

H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
(9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)

Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 5 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 4 routes

CHEBI:15345Reach from here →

H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
(9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 3 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 2 routes

cholineReach from here →

H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + choline + H(+)

Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, ENPP2, GDPD3 and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

CHEBI:15380Reach from here →

H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
(9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
5-aminolevulinate synthase (2-amino-3-oxoadipate)

Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 4 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

CHEBI:15477Reach from here →

H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
(9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 5 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

2-methylcrotonoyl-CoAReach from here →

H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
(9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
Production of Tiglylcarnitine

Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 4 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 2 routes

isobutyryl-CoAReach from here →

H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
(9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4-methyl-pentanoyl-CoA)

Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 5 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoAReach from here →

H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
(9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
glycine-N-acyltransferase (3-methylcrotonoylglycine)

Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 3 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

isovaleryl-CoAReach from here →

H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
(9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
glycine N-acyltransferase (isovalerylglycine)

Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 5 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

arachidonoyl-CoAReach from here →

H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
(9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
Arachidonate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 12 routes

CHEBI:15519Reach from here →

H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
(9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 5 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →

H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
(9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 12 routes

phenylacetyl-CoAReach from here →

H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
(9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
Phenylacetate:CoA ligase

Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 2 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 3 routes