sphing-4-enine

Three steps

• 10-hydroxytetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. N-tetradecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + tetradecanoate
  2. N-tetradecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + tetradecanoate
  3. tetradecanoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 10-hydroxytetradecanoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ASAH2, CYP4Z1

• 12-hydroxytetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. N-tetradecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + tetradecanoate
  2. N-tetradecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + tetradecanoate
  3. tetradecanoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 12-hydroxytetradecanoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ASAH2, CYP4Z1

• 11-hydroxytetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. N-tetradecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + tetradecanoate
  2. N-tetradecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + tetradecanoate
  3. tetradecanoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 11-hydroxytetradecanoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ASAH2, CYP4Z1

• galactitolReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. galactosylceramidase (psychosine)
  3. galactitol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by GALC, AKR1B1cytosol, lysosome

• 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, mitochondrial matrix

• a cholesterol esterReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. an acyl-CoA + cholesterol = a cholesterol ester + CoA

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 8 moreGolgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• a neolactoside nLc4Cer(d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  3. beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (lc3Cer)

  Catalysed by B4GALT3, B4GALT4, B4GALT2, B4GALT1cytosol

• octadecanalReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + octadecanoyl-CoA = N-octadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. N-octadecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + octadecanoate
  3. octadecanal + NAD(+) + H2O = octadecanoate + NADH + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, TLCD3B, CERS2, CERS4 and 4 more

• (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acidReach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. transport of (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate and acetate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 17alpha-hydroxyprogesteroneReach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, CYP17A1endoplasmic reticulum

• a beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1')-Cer(d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  3. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide beta-(1,3)-galactosyltransferase (lc3Cer)

  Catalysed by B3GALT2, B3GALT5, B3GALT1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• linoleic acidReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. N-Acylsphingosine amidohydrolase
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 3 morelysosome, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• a 2-acylglycerolReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = a 2-acylglycerol + a fatty acid + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 7 moreGolgi apparatus

• a monoacylglycerolReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase
  3. 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol acylhydrolase

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 19 moreGolgi apparatus, extracellular spaceOne of 9 routes

• 1-(alk-1-enyl)-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:1-alkenylglycerophosphoethanolamine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucosideReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + UDP + H(+)
  3. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 5 moreOne of 13 routes

• AH2Reach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + choline + H(+)
  3. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, ENPP2, GDPD3, GDPD1 and 1 more

• 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. cholesterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 5 more

• hexadecanalReach from here →
  1. ATP:sphingosine 1-phosphotransferase
  2. sphingosine-1-phosphate palmitaldehyde-lyase (phosphoethanolamine-forming)
  3. hexadecanal:NADP+ delta2-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by DBP, SPHK2, SPHK1, SGPL1cytosolOne of 4 routes

• all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoate
  3. all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + H2O = 11-cis-retinol + hexadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS6, TLCD3B, CERS5, CERS2 and 5 more

• 26-hydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. cholesterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 26-hydroxycholesterol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 5 more

• glycerolReach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine
  3. sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine + H2O = phosphocholine + glycerol + H(+)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G4C, ENPP6

• 4-methylumbelliferyl acetateReach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate + H2O = 4-methylumbelliferone + acetate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, CES2, ESD and 1 more

• a triacylglycerolReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 11 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• a beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1)-Cer(d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  3. glucosylceramide pool to LacCer pool conversion

  Catalysed by ALG1L2, B4GALT5, B3GALT2, B4GALT3 and 31 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 9 routes

• 4-methylpentanalReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. 6 reduced [adrenodoxin] + cholesterol + 3 O2 + 6 H(+) = 4-methylpentanal + pregnenolone + 6 oxidized [adrenodoxin] + 4 H2O

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 5 more

• CHEBI:18132Reach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase
  3. Sphingomyelin cholinephosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 9 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• a globoside Gb3Cer (d18:1(4E))Reach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  3. alpha 1,4-galactosyltransferase (P blood group) (LacCer pool)

  Catalysed by A4GALTcytosolOne of 2 routes

• cholesteryl 3-beta-D-galactosideReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = a beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + UDP + H(+)
  3. a beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-galactoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 5 moreOne of 4 routes

• cholesteryl 3-beta-D-xylosideReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. a beta-D-xylosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-xyloside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 5 moreOne of 4 routes

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine
  3. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + octadecanoyl-CoA = 1-octadecanoyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, LPGAT1

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(3'-acyl-sn-1'-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)
  3. 2 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) = 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(3'-acyl-sn-1'-glycerol) + sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, CLN5

• 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(3'-octadecanoyl-1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine
  3. 2 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) = 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(3'-octadecanoyl-1'-sn-glycerol) + sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, CLN5

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• S-hexadecanoyl-N-acetylcysteamineReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoate
  3. S-hexadecanoyl-N-acetylcysteamine + H2O = N-acetylcysteamine + hexadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS6, TLCD3B, CERS5, CERS2 and 6 more

• S-hexadecanoyl-N-acetylcysteine methyl esterReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoate
  3. S-hexadecanoyl-N-acetylcysteine methyl ester + H2O = N-acetylcysteine methyl ester + hexadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS6, TLCD3B, CERS5, CERS2 and 5 more

• docosanoateReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. N-Acylsphingosine amidohydrolase
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 3 morelysosome, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• alpha-linolenic acidReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. N-Acylsphingosine amidohydrolase
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 3 morelysosome, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• beta-D-galactoseReach from here →
  1. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  2. galactosylceramidase (psychosine)
  3. galactose[n] = beta-D-galactose[n]

  Catalysed by GALC, GALMcytosol, lysosome, nucleusOne of 2 routes

• dodecanalReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = dodecanoate + sphing-4-enine
  2. H2O[c] + N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine[c] = lauric acid[c] + sphingosine[c]
  3. 2 H+[r] + lauric acid[r] + NADH[r] = H2O[r] + NAD+[r] + dodecanal[r]

  Catalysed by NAAA, ASAH1, ACER2, ASAH2 and 1 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acidReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. N-Acylsphingosine amidohydrolase
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 3 morelysosome, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• 17alpha-hydroxypregnenoloneReach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, CYP17A1endoplasmic reticulum

• chlorine(.)Reach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + choline + H(+)
  3. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, ENPP2, GDPD3, GDPD1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• formic acidReach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. transport of acetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. transport of acetate and propanoate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. transport of acetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. a 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, LCAT

• hexacosanoateReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. N-Acylsphingosine amidohydrolase
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 3 morelysosome, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• an N-acylsphinganineReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. sphingosine N-acyltransferase (sphinganine)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 3 routes