sarcosine

Three steps

• N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. 5-Phospho-D-ribosylamine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. 10-formyltetrahydrofolate:5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase

  Catalysed by PIPOX, GARTcytosol

• arsenic triglutathioneReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. arsenic triglutathione + 3 [thioredoxin]-dithiol + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = trimethylarsine + 3 [thioredoxin]-disulfide + 3 glutathione + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3 H(+)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, GSS, AS3MTOne of 3 routes

• 2-phenylethylamineReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-phenylalanine carboxy-lyase (phenylethylamine-forming)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC7A5, DDCextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidineReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 5'-Phosphoribosylformylglycinamide:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC7A5, PFASextracellular space, cytosol

• gamma-L-glutamyl-(2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  3. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + L-glutamate + ATP = gamma-L-glutamyl-(2S)-2-aminobutanoate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, AGXT2, GCLC

• S-methylmercury-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of glycine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(out) + L-methionine(in) = S-methylmercury-L-cysteine(in) + L-methionine(out)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC7A5, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 6 routes

• 2-aminoisobutanoateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2-aminoisobutanoate(out) + L-alanine(in) = 2-aminoisobutanoate(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathioneReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 + glutathione = 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathione

  Catalysed by PIPOX, GSS, MGST3

• (6R)-10-formyltetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. formaldehyde + NAD(+) + H2O = formate + NADH + 2 H(+)
  3. (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + formate + ATP = (6R)-10-formyltetrahydrofolate + ADP + phosphate

  Catalysed by PIPOX, ALDH9A1, MTHFD1, MTHFD1LOne of 2 routes

• (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + 2 glutathione = (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by PIPOX, GSS, GPX1, GPX4

• (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + 2 glutathione = (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by PIPOX, GSS, GPX1, GPX4

• (15S)-hydroxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (15S)-hydroperoxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoate + 2 glutathione = (15S)-hydroxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by PIPOX, GSS, GPX1, GPX4

• (17S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (17S)-hydroperoxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + 2 glutathione = (17S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by PIPOX, GSS, GPX1, GPX4

• a hydroxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. a hydroperoxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 2 glutathione = a hydroxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by PIPOX, GSS, GPX4

• glycodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
  3. glycodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SULT2A1cytosol

• 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by PIPOX, AADAT, AGXT2One of 7 routes

• 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by PIPOX, AADAT, AGXT2One of 3 routes

• 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by PIPOX, AADAT, AGXT2One of 3 routes

• S-disulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-cysteine = S-disulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, BAAT, HADHA, ACAA2 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by PIPOX, BAAT, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by PIPOX, BAAT, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• (4Z,7Z)-decadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by PIPOX, BAAT, ECHS1, ACAA2 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C8:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by PIPOX, BAAT, ECHS1, ACAA2 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanalReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal + glutathione = 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanal

  Catalysed by PIPOX, GSS, GSTP1

• glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. glycine to glycoursodeoxycholate conversion
  3. glycoursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SULT2A1cytosol

• glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + glycine = glycochenodeoxycholate + CoA + H(+)
  3. glycochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, BAAT, SULT2A1

• deoxycholateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
  3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by PIPOXcytosol

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. a quinone + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + a quinol

  Catalysed by PIPOX, GSS, SQOR

• hypochlorous acidReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, LPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• potassium atomReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, SLC12A2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, BAAT, ACSM4, ACSM1 and 4 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• 5-hydroxytryptophanReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tryptophan, Tetrahydrobiopterin:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (5-Hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5(S)-HETEReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. Glutathione: 5-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by PIPOX, GSS, GPX5, GPX1 and 7 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by PIPOX, BAAT, ACAA1, SCP2 and 1 moreperoxisomeOne of 7 routes

• pyridoxine 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• N-acetyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation
  3. N-benzoylglycine(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = N-benzoylglycine(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC22A6, SLC22A8mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-ascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. L-dehydroascorbate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + L-ascorbate

  Catalysed by PIPOX, GSS, CLIC1, GSTO1 and 1 more

• K(+)Reach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• Cys-tRNA(Cys)Reach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Cysteine:tRNA(Cys) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• Phe-tRNA(Phe)Reach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Phenylalanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC7A5, FARSB, FARSAextracellular space, cytosol

• Trp-tRNA(Trp)Reach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tryptophan -tRNA(Trp) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC7A5, WARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Ile-tRNA(Ile)Reach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of glycine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Isoleucine:tRNA(Ile) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC7A5, IARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Gln-tRNA(Gln)Reach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Glutamine:tRNA(Gln) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC7A5, QARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• isocyanateReach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of citrulline and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-citrulline + H(+) = isocyanate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by PIPOX, SLC7A9, SLC3A1, SLC7A6 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• Asn-tRNA(Asn)Reach from here →
  1. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  2. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Asparagine:tRNA(Asn) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by PIPOX, NARS1extracellular space, cytosol