choline

Two steps

• nitric oxideReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. 2 nitrite + AH2 + 2 H(+) = 2 nitric oxide + A + 2 H2O

  Catalysed by CHDH, SUOX

• 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTPReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. CTP + AH2 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTP + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CHDH, RSAD2

• (S)-2-hydroxyglutarateReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate + A = 2-oxoglutarate + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, L2HGDH

• CHEBI:16856Reach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. transport of acetylcholine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CHAT, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:16857Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Threonine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by SLC5A7, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol

• oxalic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC5A7, SLC26A6extracellular space, cytosol

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC5A7, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Proline by the Apical Imino Amino Acid Transporters

  Catalysed by SLC5A7, CLTRN, SLC6A20extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• anilineReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by CHAT, NAT2, NAT1cytosol

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by CHATcytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by CHDH, CDK5RAP1One of 4 routes

• L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by CHAT, NAGScytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine sulfate + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, DIO1

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, DIO1, DIO3One of 2 routes

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, DIO1One of 2 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by CHAT, HADHA, ACADVL, HADHBcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• glycine betaineReach from here →
  1. choline dehydrogenase (choline)
  2. p-cumic alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by CHDH, ALDH7A1cytosolOne of 7 routes

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Tyrosine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by SLC5A7, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion

  Catalysed by CHATcytosol

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC5A7, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol

• L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by SLC5A7, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC5A7, CLTRN, SLC6A20extracellular space, cytosol

• N-carbamoyl-beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of 3-Ureidopropionate

  Catalysed by SLC5A7extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, DIO3

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CHAT, HADHA, ACAA2, HADHBcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-iodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. 3-iodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,5-diiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, DIO1, DIO3One of 2 routes

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by CHAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• 3-iodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. 3-iodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, DIO1, DIO3One of 2 routes

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)

  Catalysed by CHAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• 3'-iodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. 3'-iodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, DIO1, DIO2One of 2 routes

• L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3-iodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, DIO3

• thyronamineReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. thyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3-iodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, DIO3

• 3'-iodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. 3'-iodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3',5'-diiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, DIO1, DIO2One of 2 routes

• 3,3'-diiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. 3,3'-diiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, DIO1, DIO2One of 2 routes

• 3',5'-diiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. 3',5'-diiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, DIO3

• 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5,5'-tetraiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by CHDH, DIO3

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by CHAT, HADHA, ACADVL, HADHBcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by CHAT, HADHA, ACADVL, HADHBcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (4Z,7Z)-decadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by CHAT, ECHS1, ACAA2, HADHcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C8:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by CHAT, ECHS1, ACAA2, HADHcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:240943Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 2-Methylbutyrylglycine Transport, Extracellular

  Catalysed by SLC5A7, SLC6A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• hypochlorous acidReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by SLC5A7, LPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• potassium atomReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC5A7, SLC12A2, SLC12A1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by CHAT, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 3 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)

  Catalysed by CHAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CHAT, ACAA1, SCP2, MYO5Bcytosol, peroxisomeOne of 7 routes

• a carboxylateReach from here →
  1. an acylcholine + H2O = a carboxylate + choline + H(+)
  2. an acylcholine + H2O = a carboxylate + choline + H(+)

  Catalysed by BCHE

• hydrogenselenideReach from here →
  1. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  2. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)

  Catalysed by CHDH, SCLY

• acetateReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  2. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase

  Catalysed by CHAT, BCHE, ACHEcytosolOne of 3 routes

• formic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC5A7, SLC26A4extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes