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A reference for what the literature reports. Not medical advice.

Reach

L-cysteine

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

Inferred

Every route here is a hypothesis drawn from reference reactions (Rhea and Human-GEM), not a finding. Currency species such as water, ATP and NAD(H) never form a step. Evidence key

1,087 compounds within 3 steps: 38 in 1, 363 in 2, 686 in 3

Does it reach a compound?

Two steps

2-(1-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphateReach from here →
1. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
2. pyruvate:thiamin diphosphate acetaldehydetransferase (decarboxylating)
Catalysed by CTH, PDHA1, PDHB, PDHA2cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

Three steps

(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoateReach from here →
Catalysed by SLC7A5, GOT2, GOT1, TAT and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol
(S)-3-hydroxybutanoateReach from here →

Page 9 of 22

Catalysed by CTH, ADHFE1cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoateReach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
(R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine
3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate + NAD(+) = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + NADH + H(+)

Catalysed by CTH, AGXT2, HIBADHcytosol

(5S)-hydroperoxy-(15S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
Glutathione: 15-HPETE oxidoreductase
(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (5S)-hydroperoxy-(15S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate

Catalysed by GPX5, GPX1, GPX2, GPX3 and 6 morecytosol

2-phenylpropan-2-olReach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
cumene hydroperoxide + 2 glutathione = 2-phenylpropan-2-ol + glutathione disulfide + H2O

Catalysed by CTH, TSTD1, CLIC2, GPX1 and 2 morecytosol

(8S)-3',8-cyclo-7,8-dihydroguanosine 5'-triphosphateReach from here →

transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
GTP + AH2 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = (8S)-3',8-cyclo-7,8-dihydroguanosine 5'-triphosphate + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + H(+)

Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, MOCS1extracellular space, cytosol

a hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acidReach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
a hydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid + 2 glutathione = a hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid + glutathione disulfide + H2O

Catalysed by CTH, TSTD1, GPX1, GPX2 and 1 morecytosol

(5E)-tetradecenoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →

N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((9E)-tetradecenoyl-CoA)

Catalysed by NAGS, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 7 routes

(14S,15R)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (14S,15R)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, CYP2C8 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

(14R,15S)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (14R,15S)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, CYP2C8 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

(11S,12R)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (11S,12R)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2J2 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

(11R,12S)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (11R,12S)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP2C8, CYP2D6, CYP2C9 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

(8S,9R)-epoxy-(5Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (8S,9R)-epoxy-(5Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by CYP2C9, CYP2J2cytosol, extracellular space

(8R,9S)-epoxy-(5Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (8R,9S)-epoxy-(5Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

5,6-epoxy-(8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and 22 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

S-butanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →

N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
butanoyl-CoA + H2O = S-butanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

Catalysed by NAGS, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

S-octanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →

N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase
octanoyl-CoA + H2O = S-octanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

Catalysed by NAGS, CROT, NUDT19, NUDT7 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix

decanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →

N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)
decanoyl-CoA + H2O = decanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

Catalysed by NAGS, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

S-dodecanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →

N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)
dodecanoyl-CoA + H2O = S-dodecanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

Catalysed by NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 7 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

17-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and 22 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

tetradecanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →

N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
tetradecanoyl-CoA + H2O = tetradecanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

Catalysed by NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 7 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

16-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 16-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by CYP1A1cytosol, extracellular space

an acyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →

N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
an acyl-CoA + H2O = an acyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

Catalysed by NAGS, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatus

N-(12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →

transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)
N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + O2 = N-(12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine

Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8, GLYATL2 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

N-(15S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →

transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)
N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + O2 = N-(15S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine

Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8, GLYATL2 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

(18S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →

transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + AH2 + O2 = (18S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-eicosapentaenoate + A + H2O

Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
(15S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + 2 glutathione = (15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

Catalysed by CTH, TSTD1, GPX1, GPX4cytosolOne of 2 routes

a quinoneReach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
a quinone + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + a quinol
a quinol + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome c](out) = a quinone + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome c](out) + 2 H(+)(out)

Catalysed by CTH, SQOR, CYC1, UQCRFS1cytosol, outer side of the membraneOne of 7 routes

all-trans-3,4-didehydroretinolReach from here →

Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
all-trans-retinol + 2 reduced [adrenodoxin] + O2 + 2 H(+) = all-trans-3,4-didehydroretinol + 2 oxidized [adrenodoxin] + 2 H2O

Catalysed by MOCOS, RETSAT, CYP27C1

all-trans-4-hydroxyretinolReach from here →

Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
all-trans-retinol + 2 reduced [adrenodoxin] + O2 + 2 H(+) = all-trans-4-hydroxyretinol + 2 oxidized [adrenodoxin] + H2O

Catalysed by MOCOS, RETSAT, CYP27C1

pregnenolone sulfateReach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
hydrogen sulfide + 2 O2 = sulfate + H(+)
Steryl-Sulfatase

Catalysed by CTH, SOD1, STScytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

androsterone 3alpha-sulfateReach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
hydrogen sulfide + 2 O2 = sulfate + H(+)
steroid sulfatase (androsterone sulfate)

Catalysed by CTH, SOD1, STScytosolOne of 3 routes

prostaglandin H3Reach from here →

transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
prostaglandin G3 + AH2 = prostaglandin H3 + A + H2O

Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

10-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 10-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by CYP3A4, CYP2C9cytosol, extracellular space

prostaglandin J2Reach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
(S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
Transport of Prostaglandin J2, Lactate Antiport

Catalysed by CTH, LDHB, LDHAL6Bcytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

15-oxoprostaglandin F2alphaReach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
(S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
Transport of 15-Keto-Prostaglandin F2A, Lactate Antiport

Catalysed by CTH, LDHB, LDHAL6Bcytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 6 routes

dopamine 3-O-sulfateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
dopamine + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = dopamine 3-O-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1B1, SULT1A3 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

dopamine 4-O-sulfateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
Dopamine 4-O-Sulfotransferase

Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1A3, SULT1A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

epsilon-(gamma-L-glutamyl)-L-lysineReach from here →

transport of cysteine and leucine (cytosol to extracellular)
L-lysine(in) + L-leucine(out) + Na(+)(out) = L-lysine(out) + L-leucine(in) + Na(+)(in)
epsilon-(gamma-L-glutamyl)-L-lysine = 5-oxo-L-proline + L-lysine

Catalysed by SLC7A9, SLC3A1, SLC7A7, GGACTextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

prostaglandin A2-S-(R)-glutathioneReach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
prostaglandin A2 + glutathione = prostaglandin A2-S-(R)-glutathione

Catalysed by CTH, TSTD1, GSTA1, GSTM1cytosolOne of 2 routes

prostaglandin A2-S-(S)-glutathioneReach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
prostaglandin A2 + glutathione = prostaglandin A2-S-(S)-glutathione

Catalysed by CTH, TSTD1, GSTP1, GSTM1cytosolOne of 2 routes

prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathioneReach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
prostaglandin J2 + glutathione = prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathione

Catalysed by CTH, TSTD1, GSTA1, GSTP1 and 1 morecytosol

prostaglandin J2-S-(S)-glutathioneReach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
prostaglandin J2 + glutathione = prostaglandin J2-S-(S)-glutathione

Catalysed by CTH, TSTD1, GSTP1, GSTM1cytosol

13-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →

transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = 13-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

9-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →

transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = 9-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, PTGS2extracellular space, cytosol

(8S,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 O2 = (8S,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate

Catalysed by ALOX15cytosol, extracellular space

(14R,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,12E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →

cystine to cysteine conversion
transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 O2 = (14R,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,12E)-eicosatetraenoate

Catalysed by ALOX15cytosol, extracellular space

hypothiocyanous acidReach from here →

L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (hydrogen-cyanide)
Dihydrolipoyl Dehydrogenase

Catalysed by GOT2, GOT1, MPST, TST and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathioneReach from here →

L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene + glutathione = 2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione + chloride + H(+)

Catalysed by CTH, TSTD1, PTGES, LANCL1 and 2 morecytosolOne of 77 routes