(R)-lactaldehyde

Three steps

• (15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. Glutathione: 15-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 14 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• leukotriene A4Reach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and leukotriene A4 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 6 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (13S)-hydroperoxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. Lactaldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
  2. (R)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase
  3. 13(S)-HPODE to 13-oxy-radical-octadecadienoate conversion

  Catalysed by ALDH2, ALDH4A1, ALDH1B1, ALDH5A1 and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. Lactaldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
  2. (R)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase
  3. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ALDH2, ALDH4A1, ALDH1B1, ALDH5A1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• S-formylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. alcohol dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 5 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. Lactaldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
  2. (R)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase
  3. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by ALDH2, ALDH4A1, ALDH1B1, ALDH5A1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• L-methionineReach from here →
  1. Lactaldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
  2. (R)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase
  3. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

  Catalysed by ALDH2, ALDH4A1, ALDH1B1, ALDH5A1 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• L-alanineReach from here →
  1. Lactaldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
  2. (R)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by ALDH2, ALDH4A1, ALDH1B1, ALDH5A1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 18 routes

• leukotriene C4Reach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. leukotriene C4 synthase (GSH)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 6 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• glutathione disulfideReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. Glutathione: 5-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 14 morecytosolOne of 35 routes

• taurolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and sulfotaurolithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 7 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 5-oxo-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione + H2O = (R)-lactate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. glutathione = L-cysteinylglycine + 5-oxo-L-proline

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 6 morecytosol

• histamineReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and histamine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 7 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• L-thyroxineReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 7 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (3S)-citramalyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Lactaldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
  2. (R)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase
  3. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA

  Catalysed by ALDH2, ALDH4A1, ALDH1B1, ALDH5A1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 5-amino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. Lactaldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
  2. (R)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase
  3. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by ALDH2, ALDH4A1, ALDH1B1, ALDH5A1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• S-sulfanylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. Sulfide:glutathione,quinone oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 6 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• dopamineReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 7 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• glycolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and sulfoglycolithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 7 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin E2Reach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and prostaglandin E2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 7 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. glutathione gamma-glutamylaminopeptidase

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 11 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (4R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarateReach from here →
  1. Lactaldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
  2. (R)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase
  3. (4R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by ALDH2, ALDH4A1, ALDH1B1, ALDH5A1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• ubiquinol-10Reach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione + H2O = (R)-lactate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. ubiquinone-10 + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + ubiquinol-10

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 5 morecytosol

• (4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarateReach from here →
  1. Lactaldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
  2. (R)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase
  3. (4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by ALDH2, ALDH4A1, ALDH1B1, ALDH5A1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (R)-noradrenalineReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 7 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 20-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (Rnd) Tcdb:2.A.60.1.2

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 6 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (9S)-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione + H2O = (R)-lactate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. (9S)-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate + 2 glutathione = (9S)-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 6 morecytosol

• ursodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and ursodeoxycholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 7 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin G2Reach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and prostaglandin G2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 6 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• glycodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione + H2O = (R)-lactate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. glycodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = glycodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 5 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (12R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione + H2O = (R)-lactate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. (12R)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (12R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 7 morecytosol

• (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione + H2O = (R)-lactate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 10 morecytosol

• (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione + H2O = (R)-lactate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 6 morecytosol

• thromboxane B2Reach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. transport of GSH and thromboxane B2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 6 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• an S-substituted glutathioneReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione + H2O = (R)-lactate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. RX + glutathione = an S-substituted glutathione + a halide anion + H(+)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 27 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• (13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione + H2O = (R)-lactate + glutathione + H(+)
  3. (13S)-hydroperoxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + 2 glutathione = (13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 8 morecytosol

• taurochenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)

  Catalysed by ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH4, ADH5 and 8 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. Lactaldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
  2. (R)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase
  3. pyruvate:thiamin diphosphate acetaldehydetransferase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by ALDH2, ALDH4A1, ALDH1B1, ALDH5A1 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol