a fatty acyl-CoA

Three steps

• CDP-ethanolamineReach from here →
  1. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a fatty acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + H2O = phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H(+)
  3. phosphoethanolamine + CTP + H(+) = CDP-ethanolamine + diphosphate

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, SAMD8, PCYT2One of 2 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + CoA

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 8 moreGolgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GLYATL2, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• glutathioneReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GLYATL2, GSS

• sphinganine 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + sphinganine = an N-acylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)
  2. N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase
  3. ATP:sphinganine 1-phosphotransferase

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS5, CERS4 and 8 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + an acyl-CoA = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 10 moreGolgi apparatusOne of 3 routes

• L-alanineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GLYATL2, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• leukotriene C4Reach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. leukotriene C4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by GLYATL2cytosol

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. transport of asparagine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GLYATL2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GLYATL2, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)Reach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 5 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• a 1-acyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a fatty acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = an N-acyl-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+)
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = a 1-acyl-2-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, PLAAT5, PLAAT2, LPCAT4

• L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by GLYATL2, AADAT

• N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by GLYATL2, AGXT2

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate)Reach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. N-Acylsphingosine amidohydrolase
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 3 morelysosome, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 19 moreGolgi apparatusOne of 3 routes

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by GLYATL2One of 2 routes

• 1-acyl-2-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a fatty acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = an N-acyl-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+)
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-acyl-2-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, PLAAT5, PLAAT2, LPCAT3

• sphing-4-enine 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. sphing-4-enine + ATP = sphing-4-enine 1-phosphate + ADP + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 8 moreGolgi apparatus

• N-benzoylglycineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation

  Catalysed by GLYATL2mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• a cardiolipinReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. 1'-[1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho],3'-[1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + an acyl-CoA = a cardiolipin + CoA

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 7 moreGolgi apparatus

• CHEBI:63544Reach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• (4R)-hydroxysphinganineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + sphinganine = an N-acylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)
  2. dihydroceramide,ferrocytochrome b5:oxygen oxidoreductase (C4-hydroxylating)
  3. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS5, CERS4 and 7 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serineReach from here →
  1. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a fatty acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + L-serine = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + ethanolamine
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, PTDSS1, PTDSS2, PLA2G15

• 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 7 moreGolgi apparatus

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-N,N-dimethylethanolamineReach from here →
  1. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a fatty acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-N-methylethanolamine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H(+)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-N-methylethanolamine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-N,N-dimethylethanolamine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H(+)

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, PEMT

• a triacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. an acyl-CoA + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol = a triacyl-sn-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 12 moreGolgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + H2O = a fatty acid + CoA + H(+)
  2. a 1,3-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = a 1-acyl-sn-glycerol + a fatty acid + H(+)
  3. a 1,3-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = a 1-acyl-sn-glycerol + a fatty acid + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACOT13, ABHD11One of 2 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 9 moreGolgi apparatus

• 1'-[1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho],3'-[1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerolReach from here →
  1. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a fatty acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = an N-acyl-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+)
  3. 1'-[1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho],3'-[1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a cardiolipin + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, PLAAT5, PLAAT2, TAFAZZIN

• hexacosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• a 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a fatty acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = an N-acyl-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+)
  3. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + choline + H(+)

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, PLA2G4E, PLAAT5, PLAAT2 and 1 more

• tetracosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• docosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganineReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase
  3. N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganine-phosphocholine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 4 moreGolgi apparatus

• a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serineReach from here →
  1. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + a fatty acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + L-serine = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + ethanolamine
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + H2O = a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + a fatty acid + H(+)

  Catalysed by LPGAT1, PTDSS1, PTDSS2, PLA1A and 2 moreOne of 2 routes

• N-docosanoylsphinganineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + sphinganine = an N-acylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)
  2. an N-acylsphinganine + H2O = sphinganine + a fatty acid
  3. docosanoyl-CoA + sphinganine = N-docosanoylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS5, CERS4 and 5 more

• N-(2-hydroxydocosanoyl)-sphinganineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + sphinganine = an N-acylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)
  2. an N-acylsphinganine + H2O = sphinganine + a fatty acid
  3. 2-hydroxydocosanoyl-CoA + sphinganine = N-(2-hydroxydocosanoyl)-sphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS5, CERS4 and 5 more

• N-eicosanoylsphinganineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + sphinganine = an N-acylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)
  2. an N-acylsphinganine + H2O = sphinganine + a fatty acid
  3. eicosanoyl-CoA + sphinganine = N-eicosanoylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS5, CERS4 and 4 more

• N-(octadecanoyl)-sphinganineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + sphinganine = an N-acylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)
  2. an N-acylsphinganine + H2O = sphinganine + a fatty acid
  3. sphinganine + octadecanoyl-CoA = N-(octadecanoyl)-sphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS5, CERS4 and 5 more

• N-(2-hydroxyoctadecanoyl)-sphinganineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + sphinganine = an N-acylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)
  2. an N-acylsphinganine + H2O = sphinganine + a fatty acid
  3. 2-hydroxyoctadecanoyl-CoA + sphinganine = N-(2-hydroxyoctadecanoyl)-sphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS5, CERS4 and 4 more

• N-hexadecanoylsphinganineReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase
  3. N-hexadecanoylsphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = N-hexadecanoyl-sphinganine-1-phosphocholine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 4 moreGolgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• N-(2-hydroxyhexadecanoyl)-sphinganineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + sphinganine = an N-acylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)
  2. an N-acylsphinganine + H2O = sphinganine + a fatty acid
  3. 2-hydroxyhexadecanoyl-CoA + sphinganine = N-(2-hydroxyhexadecanoyl)-sphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS5, CERS4 and 3 more

• N-(tetradecanoyl)-sphinganineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + sphinganine = an N-acylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)
  2. an N-acylsphinganine + H2O = sphinganine + a fatty acid
  3. sphinganine + tetradecanoyl-CoA = N-(tetradecanoyl)-sphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS5, CERS4 and 3 more

• (22R)-hydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. 2 reduced [adrenodoxin] + cholesterol + O2 + 2 H(+) = (22R)-hydroxycholesterol + 2 oxidized [adrenodoxin] + H2O

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 5 moreOne of 2 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  2. N-Acylsphingosine amidohydrolase
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 3 morelysosome, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• N-(octacosanoyl)-sphinganineReach from here →
  1. a fatty acyl-CoA + sphinganine = an N-acylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)
  2. an N-acylsphinganine + H2O = sphinganine + a fatty acid
  3. octacosanoyl-CoA + sphinganine = N-(octacosanoyl)-sphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS5, CERS4 and 4 more