glycine

Three steps

• decanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)
  3. decanoyl-CoA + H2O = decanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 4 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• S-dodecanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)
  3. dodecanoyl-CoA + H2O = S-dodecanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 7 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• 17-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by GSS, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and 23 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• tetradecanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + H2O = tetradecanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 7 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• S-hexadecanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. hexadecanoyl-CoA + H2O = S-hexadecanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by GLYATL3, NUDT19, FITM2

• 16-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 16-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by GSS, CYP1A1cytosol, extracellular space

• an acyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. an acyl-CoA + H2O = an acyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 4 moreperoxisome, Golgi apparatus

• (18S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + AH2 + O2 = (18S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-eicosapentaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10, MOCOS and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• a quinoneReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-proline:(acceptor) oxidoreductase
  3. L-proline + a quinone = (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + a quinol + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A6, PRODH2, PRODHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• pregnenolone sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Steryl-Sulfatase

  Catalysed by SLC6A9, SLC6A14, SLC26A6, STSextracellular space, cytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• androsterone 3alpha-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. steroid sulfatase (androsterone sulfate)

  Catalysed by SLC6A9, SLC6A14, SLC26A6, STSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• prostaglandin H3Reach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. prostaglandin G3 + AH2 = prostaglandin H3 + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10, MOCOS and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 10-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 10-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by GSS, CYP3A4, CYP2C9cytosol, extracellular space

• prostaglandin J2Reach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. transport of GSH and prostaglandin D2 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin J2 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by GSS, SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 15-oxoprostaglandin F2alphaReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. transport of GSH and prostaglandin F2alpha (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 15-keto-prostaglandin F2alpha reduction

  Catalysed by GSS, SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• dopamine 3-O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. dopamine + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = dopamine 3-O-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1B1 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• dopamine 4-O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Dopamine 4-O-Sulfotransferase

  Catalysed by GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1A3 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• epsilon-(gamma-L-glutamyl)-L-lysineReach from here →
  1. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  2. L-ornithine(out) + L-lysine(in) = L-ornithine(in) + L-lysine(out)
  3. epsilon-(gamma-L-glutamyl)-L-lysine = 5-oxo-L-proline + L-lysine

  Catalysed by GATM, SLC25A2, SLC25A15, GGACTcytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 13-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = 13-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10, MOCOS and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 9-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = 9-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10, MOCOS and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (8S,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 O2 = (8S,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by GSS, ALOX15cytosol, extracellular space

• (14R,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,12E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 O2 = (14R,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,12E)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by GSS, ALOX15cytosol, extracellular space

• 7-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by GSS, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and 23 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 13-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by GSS, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and 23 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• cholesterol sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Steryl-Sulfatase

  Catalysed by SLC6A9, SLC6A14, SLC26A6, STSextracellular space, cytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• 13(S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 13(S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by GSS, CYP2C9cytosol, extracellular space

• (13R)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = (13R)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10, MOCOS and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• deoxycholoyl-24-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)Reach from here →
  1. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
  2. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
  3. deoxycholate + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = deoxycholoyl-24-O-(beta-D-glucuronate) + UDP

  Catalysed by UGT2A1, UGT2A2, UGT1A3cytosol

• 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. steroid sulfatase (5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone)

  Catalysed by SLC6A9, SLC6A14, SLC26A6, STSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• acetoacetateReach from here →
  1. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. transport of acetoacetate and pyruvate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by DAO, AGXT, AGXT2peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• tetradecamideReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. N-tetradecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = tetradecamide + glyoxylate
  3. N-tetradecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = tetradecamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by AADAT, PAM

• 16(R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by GSS, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and 23 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (5S)-hydroxy-(15S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  2. (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O
  3. (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (5S)-hydroxy-(15S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by GSS, PTGES, MGST3, GPX1 and 4 more

• 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10, MOCOS and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-[(15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10, MOCOS and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-[(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10, MOCOS and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazoleReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + L-glutamine + ATP + H2O = 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + L-glutamate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + ATP = 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, PFAS, GARTextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + AH2 = 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10, MOCOS and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 = 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10, MOCOS and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• N-(4-oxoglutaryl)-L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. glutathione gamma-glutamylaminopeptidase
  3. N-(4-oxoglutaryl)-L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = L-cysteinylglycine + 2-oxoglutarate

  Catalysed by GSS, GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5 and 4 morecytosol

• 2-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase
  3. octanoyl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 2-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA + succinate + CO2

  Catalysed by BAAT, CROT, PHYHperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• 2-hydroxydecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)
  3. decanoyl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 2-hydroxydecanoyl-CoA + succinate + CO2

  Catalysed by BAAT, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 4 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• 2-hydroxyeicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)
  3. eicosanoyl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 2-hydroxyeicosanoyl-CoA + succinate + CO2

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• 2-hydroxydodecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)
  3. dodecanoyl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 2-hydroxydodecanoyl-CoA + succinate + CO2

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• 2-hydroxytetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 2-hydroxytetradecanoyl-CoA + succinate + CO2

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• 11-cis-retinyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. 11-cis-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 11-cis-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 9-cis-retinyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. 9-cis-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 9-cis-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• 13-cis-retinyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. 13-cis-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 13-cis-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• all-trans-retinyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. all-trans-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = all-trans-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• tetradecyl tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. tetradecan-1-ol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = tetradecyl tetradecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosol