butyric acid

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

404 compounds within 3 steps: 10 in 1, 70 in 2, 324 in 3

Two steps

1-butanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerolReach from here →
1. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
2. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + butanoyl-CoA = 1-butanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA
Catalysed by ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A, ACSM3 and 4 morecytosol
O-butanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
1. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
2. butanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-butanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
Catalysed by ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A, ACSM3 and 3 morecytosol
17alpha-hydroxypregnenoloneReach from here →
1. transport of acetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone)
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum
chlorine(.)Reach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC26A4extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes
3-hydroxypyruvic acidReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes
3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. 3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine = beta-alanine + pyruvate
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol
D-serineReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol
(R)-lactic acidReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol
(3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoAReach from here →
1. transport of acetoacetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA = acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A8 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol
2-iminopropanoateReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol
phosphoenolpyruvic acidReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol
13-cis-retinalReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. retinal dehydrogenase (13-cis-retinal)
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, ALDH1A2, ALDH1A1extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum
N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. transport of acetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol
a 3-acylpyruvateReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol
acetoacetyl-CoAReach from here →
1. transport of acetoacetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. acetoacetate + ATP + CoA = acetoacetyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A8 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes
(2E)-butenoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
2. butanoyl-CoA:electron-transfer flavoprotein 2,3-oxidoreductase
Catalysed by ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A, ACSM3 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
1. transport of acetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + acetate
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol
2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoateReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol
2-methyl-3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol
L-methionineReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol
L-alanineReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 18 routes
N-acetylputrescineReach from here →
1. transport of acetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol
N(8)-acetylspermidineReach from here →
1. transport of acetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol
(3S)-citramalyl-CoAReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol
an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugateReach from here →
1. transport of acetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugate + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + acetate
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol
5-amino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol
(4R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarateReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (4R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol
(4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarateReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol
2-(1-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphateReach from here →
1. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. pyruvate:thiamin diphosphate acetaldehydetransferase (decarboxylating)
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

Three steps

N(omega)-methyl-L-arginineReach from here →
Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes
3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoateReach from here →