CHEBI:17208

Three steps

• trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 5-oxo-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. glutathione = L-cysteinylglycine + 5-oxo-L-proline

  Catalysed by SLC22A13, CHAC2, CHAC1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• histamineReach from here →
  1. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DBH, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• L-thyroxineReach from here →
  1. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DBH, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• kynurenateReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(in) + glutarate(out) = urate(out) + glutarate(in)
  3. kynurenate(out) + glutarate(in) = kynurenate(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC22A8, SLC22A6cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• S-sulfanylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. S-sulfanylglutathione + O2 + H2O = sulfite + glutathione + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A13, ETHE1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 5 routes

• methylamineReach from here →
  1. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)
  2. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
  3. monoamine oxidase (adrenaline)

  Catalysed by DBH, PNMT, MAOA, MAOBcytosolOne of 2 routes

• (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = urate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC22A6, SLC22A8cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• dopamineReach from here →
  1. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of dopamine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DBH, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• (2S)-2-phospholactateReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  3. (2S)-2-phospholactate + H2O = (S)-lactate + phosphate

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, PGPcytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• glycolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DBH, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• L-prolineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• estrone 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(in) + glutarate(out) = urate(out) + glutarate(in)
  3. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC22A8, SLC22A24, SLC22A11cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• Fe(II)-heme oReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. Ferrochelatase, Mitochondrial
  3. farnesyl-PP[m] + H2O[m] + heme[m] = PPi[m] + Fe(II)-heme o[m]

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, FECH, COX10extracellular space, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• prostaglandin E2Reach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  3. prostaglandin E2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, SLCO2A1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 10 routes

• N-benzoylglycineReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = urate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. N-benzoylglycine(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = N-benzoylglycine(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC22A6, SLC22A8cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. 8-peroxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,14Z)... to 5,9-cyclo-6,8-cycloperoxy-12... conversion
  2. N-decanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-decanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  3. decanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-decanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by PAM, GLYATL2cytosol

• L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 10 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• ubiquinol-10Reach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. ubiquinone-10 + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + ubiquinol-10

  Catalysed by SLC22A13, SQORcytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• (2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• NAADP(+)Reach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. nicotinate(in) + urate(out) = nicotinate(out) + urate(in)
  3. nicotinate + NADP(+) = NAADP(+) + nicotinamide

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, CD38cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 20-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (Rnd) Tcdb:2.A.60.1.5

  Catalysed by DBH, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• (9S)-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (9S)-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate + 2 glutathione = (9S)-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A13, GPX1, GPX4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• ursodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DBH, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• prostaglandin G2Reach from here →
  1. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)
  2. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of prostaglandin G2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DBH, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• 17beta-estradiol 17-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)Reach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(in) + glutarate(out) = urate(out) + glutarate(in)
  3. 17beta-estradiol 17-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)(out) + glutarate(in) = 17beta-estradiol 17-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC22A8, SLC22A24cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• glycodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. glycodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = glycodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A13, ABCC4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (12R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (12R)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (12R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A13, GPX1, GPX2, GPX4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• ferroheme c di-L-cysteine(2-) residueReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. Ferrochelatase, Mitochondrial
  3. Cytochrome c apocytochrome-c-lyase

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, FECH, HCCSextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A13, PTGES, MGST3, GPX1 and 3 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A13, GPX1, GPX4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• thromboxane B2Reach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  3. thromboxane B2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = thromboxane B2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, SLCO2A1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 6 routes

• an S-substituted glutathioneReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. RX + glutathione = an S-substituted glutathione + a halide anion + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A13, GSTT4, GSTA4, GSTZ1 and 20 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (13S)-hydroperoxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + 2 glutathione = (13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A13, GPX1, GSTA1, GPX2 and 1 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• taurochenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. taurochenodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurochenodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A13, ABCC4cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 5 routes