taurine

Two steps

• L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Transport of L-Tryptophan by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• glutathioneReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. taurocholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurocholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by BAAT, ABCC4peroxisome, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. transport of beta-alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-alanineReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)

  Catalysed by BAATperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)

  Catalysed by BAAT, NAGSperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• L-glutamate 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  2. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by GATM, OAT

• L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by BAAT, NAGSperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• taurolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (lithocholate)
  2. 3'-Phosphoadenylylsulfate:taurolithocholate sulfotransferase

  Catalysed by BAAT, SULT2A1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(out) + L-ornithine(in)

  Catalysed by GATM, SLC25A2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by BAAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 1 moreperoxisome, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by BAAT, HADHA, ACAA2, HADHBperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, SLC27A5peroxisome, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• 5-amino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  2. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by GATM, AGXT2One of 2 routes

• deoxycholoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. cholate-CoA ligase (3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanate)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, SLC27A5peroxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• 4-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. transport of 4-aminobutyrate and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, SLC6A12extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 3 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bperoxisome, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (palmitolate)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• 3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. (3-Hydroxyisovalerylcoa->3-Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine)

  Catalysed by BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1Bperoxisome, cytosol

• CHEBI:63544Reach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (adrenic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• hexacosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• tetracosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lignocerate)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 10 routes

• docosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (behenic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• a 2,3-saturated acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  2. a 2,3-saturated acyl-CoA + A = a 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + AH2

  Catalysed by MTO1, ACAD10

• (2E)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bperoxisome, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearidonic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (EPA)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DPA)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (linolenate)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• (13Z)-docosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-erucic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• (11Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-gondoic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• (9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-TPA)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosahexaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-THA)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (15Z)-tetracosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (nervonic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• (17Z)-hexacosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (ximenic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (dihomo-gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (omega-3-arachidonic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DHA)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• heptadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (margaric acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• (9Z)-heptadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (9-heptadecylenic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• (11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatrienoic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• nonadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (nonadecylic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• (11Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. Transport of 11-Octadecenoyl Carnitine into the Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bperoxisome, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• dodecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. Activation of dodecanedioic acid

  Catalysed by BAATperoxisome, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• decanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. Production of Sebacoylcarnitine

  Catalysed by BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bperoxisome, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• octanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. Production of Suberylcarnitine

  Catalysed by BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bperoxisome, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• hexanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. Activation of adipic acid for Formation of Adipoyl Carnitine

  Catalysed by BAATperoxisome, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-DPA)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• (11Z,14Z)-eicosadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((11Z,14Z)-eicosadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes