cholesteryl hexadecanoate

Three steps

• (15Z)-tetracosenoateReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPAlysosome, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPAlysosome, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 14 routes

• (11Z)-eicosenoateReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPAlysosome, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• a fatty aldehydeReach from here →
  1. cholesterol-ester plasma pool to cholesterol-ester-10,13,16,19-docosa conversion
  2. a cholesterol ester + H2O = cholesterol + a fatty acid + H(+)
  3. a fatty aldehyde + NAD(+) + H2O = a fatty acid + NADH + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by CES1, LIPN, NCEH1, LDAH and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• 7alpha,25-dihydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (cholesterol)
  3. cytochrome P450 (25-hydroxycholesterol)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, CH25H, CYP7B1lysosome, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• (24S)-7alpha-dihydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Cytochrome P450, Family 46, Subfamily A, Polypeptide 1
  3. Oxysterol 7-Alpha-Hydroxylase

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, CYP46A1, CYP39A1lysosome, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 4 routes

• N-octanoylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol-ester plasma pool to cholesterol-ester-10,13,16,19-docosa conversion
  2. a cholesterol ester + H2O = cholesterol + a fatty acid + H(+)
  3. beta-D-glucosyl-N-octanoylsphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-octanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside

  Catalysed by CES1, LIPN, NCEH1, LDAH and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• (24R)-hydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. cholesterol-ester plasma pool to cholesterol-ester-10,13,16,19-docosa conversion
  2. a cholesterol ester + H2O = cholesterol + a fatty acid + H(+)
  3. cholesterol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (24R)-hydroxycholesterol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CES1, LIPN, NCEH1, LDAH and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• taurineReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 1 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• an N-acylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol-ester plasma pool to cholesterol-ester-10,13,16,19-docosa conversion
  2. a cholesterol ester + H2O = cholesterol + a fatty acid + H(+)
  3. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by CES1, LIPN, NCEH1, LDAH and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• glycineReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 3 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrixOne of 10 routes

• (R)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. aldehyde dehydrogenase (2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 1 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (S)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1lysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrix

• 3'-dephospho-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 1 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoA formation

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1lysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-ketopristanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 2 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 8 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• butanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 6 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• dodecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 8 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• glutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 3 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• eicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 8 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 12 routes

• itaconyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 3 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 8 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 13 routes

• tetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 8 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 13 routes

• octanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 1 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrixOne of 22 routes

• phytanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. phytanate-CoA ligase

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1lysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• octadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 7 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 22 routes

• 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase (palmitoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 10 morelysosome, cytosol

• (R)-2-hydroxyoctadecanoateReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Fas180
  3. octadecanoate + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (R)-2-hydroxyoctadecanoate + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + H2O

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, FA2Hlysosome, cytosol

• O-acetyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, CPT1A, CPT1C and 1 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 4 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• spermidineReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 2 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-methionineReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 1 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrix

• sphinganine 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. 2 H+[c] + NADH[c] + palmitate[c] = H2O[c] + hexadecanal[c] + NAD+[c]
  3. Sphinganine-1-phosphate pamlmitaldehyde-lyase

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, ALDH3B1, ALDH3B2 and 2 morelysosome, cytosol

• L-alanineReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1lysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrix

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 1 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrix

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 1 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrix

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)Reach from here →
  1. cholesterol-ester plasma pool to cholesterol-ester-10,13,16,19-docosa conversion
  2. a cholesterol ester + H2O = cholesterol + a fatty acid + H(+)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)

  Catalysed by CES1, LIPN, NCEH1, LDAH and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 3-oxosphinganineReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:L-serine C-palmitoyltransferase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 9 morelysosome, cytosol

• 1-hexadecanoylglycerone 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 7 morelysosome, cytosol, peroxisome

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 4 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatusOne of 3 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate)Reach from here →
  1. cholesterol-ester plasma pool to cholesterol-ester-10,13,16,19-docosa conversion
  2. a cholesterol ester + H2O = cholesterol + a fatty acid + H(+)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)

  Catalysed by CES1, LIPN, NCEH1, LDAH and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 3 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase
  3. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1lysosome, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 15 routes

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 2 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• deoxycholoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. cholate-CoA ligase (3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanate)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 2 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 6 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 3 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (palmitolate)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 8 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 14 routes

• 3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. (3-Hydroxyisovalerylcoa->3-Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine)

  Catalysed by CEL, LIPA, SOAT2, SOAT1 and 2 morelysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol