glutarate

Three steps

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 3',5'-cyclic AMPReach from here →
  1. prostaglandin E2(out) + glutarate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. prostaglandin E2(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. 3',5'-cyclic AMP(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = 3',5'-cyclic AMP(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC22A8, SLC22A6inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• adenosine 5'-phosphosulfateReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. Estrone 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. ATP:sulfate adenylyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, STS and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• N,N-dimethylglycineReach from here →
  1. glutarate(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = glutarate(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)
  2. glycine betaine(out) + (R)-carnitine(in) = glycine betaine(in) + (R)-carnitine(out)
  3. L-homocysteine + glycine betaine = N,N-dimethylglycine + L-methionine

  Catalysed by SLC22A8, SLC22A5, BHMTinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• glutathione disulfideReach from here →
  1. taurocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = taurocholate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)
  3. Glutathione: 5-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3 and 9 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 35 routes

• taurolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, SLCO1B1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 4 morecytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• 5-oxo-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. taurocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = taurocholate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. taurocholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurocholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. glutathione = L-cysteinylglycine + 5-oxo-L-proline

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, ABCC4, CHAC2 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• histamineReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of histamine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, SLCO1B1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• L-thyroxineReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, SLCO1B1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (3S)-citramalyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. itaconate + glutaryl-CoA = itaconyl-CoA + glutarate
  3. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = itaconyl-CoA + H2O

  Catalysed by SUGCT, AUH

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 2 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• deoxycholoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. cholate-CoA ligase (3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanate)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 2 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• S-sulfanylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. taurocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = taurocholate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)
  3. Sulfide:glutathione,quinone oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• monodehydro-L-ascorbate radicalReach from here →
  1. urate(in) + glutarate(out) = urate(out) + glutarate(in)
  2. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  3. 8-peroxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,14Z)... to 5,9-cyclo-6,8-cycloperoxy-12... conversion

  Catalysed by SLC22A8inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. prostaglandin E2(out) + glutarate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. prostaglandin E2(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC22A8, SLC22A6inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• dopamineReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of dopamine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, SLCO1B1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (2S)-2-phospholactateReach from here →
  1. prostaglandin E2(out) + glutarate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. prostaglandin E2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)
  3. (2S)-2-phospholactate + H2O = (S)-lactate + phosphate

  Catalysed by SLC22A8, SLCO2A1, PGPinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• glycolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, SLCO1B1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• N-benzoylglycineReach from here →
  1. prostaglandin E2(out) + glutarate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. prostaglandin E2(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. N-benzoylglycine(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = N-benzoylglycine(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC22A8, SLC22A6inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 6 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 4 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (palmitolate)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. taurocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = taurocholate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)
  3. glutathione gamma-glutamylaminopeptidase

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3 and 6 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• 3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. (3-Hydroxyisovalerylcoa->3-Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bcytosol

• (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetateReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. Estrone 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. Transport of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetate

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, STS and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:63544Reach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (adrenic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• ubiquinol-10Reach from here →
  1. taurocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = taurocholate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. taurocholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurocholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. ubiquinone-10 + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + ubiquinol-10

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, ABCC4, SQORinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• hexacosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• tetracosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lignocerate)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 10 routes

• docosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (behenic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• (2E)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 3 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearidonic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• (R)-noradrenalineReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of noradrenaline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, SLCO1B1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (EPA)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DPA)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (linolenate)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (13Z)-docosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-erucic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (11Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-gondoic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-TPA)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosahexaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-THA)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• (15Z)-tetracosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (nervonic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (17Z)-hexacosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (ximenic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (dihomo-gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (omega-3-arachidonic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DHA)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• heptadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (margaric acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (9Z)-heptadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (9-heptadecylenic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 5 routes