CHEBI:17927

Two steps

• N-acetylputrescineReach from here →
  1. N1-acetylspermidine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-acetamidopropanal-forming)
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by PAOX, SMOX, SAT1, SAT2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 4-aminobutanalReach from here →
  1. N1-acetylspermidine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-acetamidopropanal-forming)
  2. putrescine + O2 + H2O = 4-aminobutanal + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by PAOX, SMOX, AOC1cytosol

• N(1)-acetylspermidineReach from here →
  1. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  2. spermidine + acetyl-CoA = N(1)-acetylspermidine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2cytosolOne of 3 routes

• N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. Transport by Y+Lat-2 into Extracellular Space
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(in) + L-arginine(out) = N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(out) + L-arginine(in)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A6, SLC25A2extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2cytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. Transport by Y+Lat-2 into Extracellular Space
  2. L-arginine + O2 + H2O = 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A6, IL4I1extracellular space, cytosol

• N(8)-acetylspermidineReach from here →
  1. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  2. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by HADHA, ACAA2, HADHBcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• N(1),N(12)-diacetylspermineReach from here →
  1. N1-acetylspermidine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-acetamidopropanal-forming)
  2. N(1),N(12)-diacetylspermine + O2 + H2O = 3-acetamidopropanal + N(1)-acetylspermidine + H2O2

  Catalysed by PAOX, SMOXcytosol

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, SLC27A5cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• deoxycholoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. cholate-CoA ligase (3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanate)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, SLC27A5cytosolOne of 4 routes

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)

  Catalysed by ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A, ACSM3 and 2 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 4 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (palmitolate)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• 3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. (3-Hydroxyisovalerylcoa->3-Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1Bcytosol

• CHEBI:63544Reach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (adrenic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• hexacosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• tetracosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lignocerate)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 10 routes

• docosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (behenic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• N(5)-[(Z)-amino(hydroxyimino)methyl]ornithineReach from here →
  1. Transport by Y+Lat-2 into Extracellular Space
  2. L-arginine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (N-(omega)-hydroxyarginine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A6, NOS3, NOS1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (2E)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 3 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearidonic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (EPA)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DPA)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (linolenate)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (13Z)-docosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-erucic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (11Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-gondoic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-TPA)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosahexaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-THA)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• (15Z)-tetracosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (nervonic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (17Z)-hexacosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (ximenic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (dihomo-gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (omega-3-arachidonic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DHA)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• heptadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (margaric acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (9Z)-heptadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (9-heptadecylenic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatrienoic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• nonadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (nonadecylic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (11Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. Transport of 11-Octadecenoyl Carnitine into the Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 3 routes

• dodecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. Activation of dodecanedioic acid

  No catalyst recordedcytosolOne of 4 routes

• decanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. Production of Sebacoylcarnitine

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 4 routes

• octanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. Production of Suberylcarnitine

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 4 routes

• hexanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. Activation of adipic acid for Formation of Adipoyl Carnitine

  No catalyst recordedcytosolOne of 4 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-DPA)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (11Z,14Z)-eicosadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((11Z,14Z)-eicosadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (R)-3-hydroxy-(11Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. Production of 3-Hydroxyoctadecenoylcarnitinec

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bcytosol

• (13Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((13Z)-eicosenoic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• 4,8-dimethylnonanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. Carnitine Dimethyl Nonanoyl Transferase, Revsible, Peroxisomal

  Catalysed by CRAT, CROTcytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• tetradecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C16Dc->C14Dc), Peroxisomal

  Catalysed by ACAA1, HSD17B4, EHHADH, ACOX1cytosol, peroxisome

• hexadecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion
  2. Production of Hexadecanedioylcarnitine

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 2 routes