(R)-carnitine

Three steps

• 4-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. glycine betaine(out) + (R)-carnitine(in) = glycine betaine(in) + (R)-carnitine(out)
  2. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of 4-aminobutyrate and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC22A5, SLC6A12inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (2E)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. tetradecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-tetradecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. tetradecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-tetradecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. trans-tetradec-2-enoyl-CoA reductase

  Catalysed by CPT2, MECRmitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. octanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-octanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase
  3. fatty acyl-CoA synthase (N-C10:0CoA)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CRAT, CROTmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase
  3. trans-hexadec-2-enoyl-CoA reductase

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, MECRperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase
  3. palmitoyl-CoA desaturase (N-C16:0CoA -> N-C16:1CoA)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, SCDperoxisome, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (2E)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. octanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-octanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase
  3. trans-oct-2-enoyl-CoA reductase

  Catalysed by CPT2, CRAT, CROT, MECRmitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 3-oxotetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. dodecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-dodecanoyl-R-carnitine + CoA
  2. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (dodecanoylcarnitine)
  3. dodecanoyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA + H(+) = 3-oxotetradecanoyl-CoA + CO2 + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 1 morecytosol

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, AGPAT3 and 1 moreOne of 2 routes

• 1-acyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-acyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, LPCAT1

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositolReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-D-myo-inositol + octadecanoyl-CoA = 1-octadecanoyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositol + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, LCLAT1

• 3-oxoeicosasphinganineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. octadecanoyl-CoA + L-serine + H(+) = 3-oxoeicosasphinganine + CO2 + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, SPTLC1, SPTLC2, SPTLC3

• N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. (4R)-hydroxysphinganine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, CERS6 and 1 more

• 3-oxoeicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. very-long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA synthase (malonyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CPT2, ELOVL7, ELOVL1, ELOVL4 and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-eicosanoylsphinganineReach from here →
  1. eicosanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-eicosanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. eicosanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-eicosanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. eicosanoyl-CoA + sphinganine = N-eicosanoylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CERS1, CERS2, CERS4

• N-(octadecanoyl)-sphinganineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. sphinganine + octadecanoyl-CoA = N-(octadecanoyl)-sphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CERS1, CERS6, CERS3 and 3 more

• N-hexadecanoylsphinganineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. sphinganine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, CERS6 and 2 more

• N-(tetradecanoyl)-sphinganineReach from here →
  1. tetradecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-tetradecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. tetradecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-tetradecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. sphinganine + tetradecanoyl-CoA = N-(tetradecanoyl)-sphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CERS6, CERS5

• 3-oxohexadecasphinganineReach from here →
  1. tetradecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-tetradecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. tetradecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-tetradecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + L-serine + H(+) = 3-oxohexadecasphinganine + CO2 + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, SPTLC1, SPTLC3

• 3-oxotetradecasphinganineReach from here →
  1. dodecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-dodecanoyl-R-carnitine + CoA
  2. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (dodecanoylcarnitine)
  3. dodecanoyl-CoA + L-serine + H(+) = 3-oxotetradecasphinganine + CO2 + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 2 morecytosol

• 3-oxooctadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase
  3. very-long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA synthase (malonyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, ELOVL7 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (2E)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. stearoyl-CoA desaturase (N-C18:0CoA -> N-C18:1CoA)

  Catalysed by CPT2, SCDcytosolOne of 6 routes

• 3-oxodocosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. eicosanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-eicosanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. eicosanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-eicosanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. very-long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA synthase (eicosanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CPT2, ELOVL7, ELOVL1, ELOVL4 and 4 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1Bperoxisome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• 1-dodecanoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. dodecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-dodecanoyl-R-carnitine + CoA
  2. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase (dodecanoylcarnitine)
  3. glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase (lauroyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 1-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. tetradecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-tetradecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. tetradecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-tetradecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase (myristoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CPT2, GPAT3, GPAT2, GPAT4 and 1 morecytosol

• 1-O-hexadecyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, LPCAT1

• 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, LCLAT1 and 2 more

• 1-tetradecanoyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-tetradecanoyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, LPGAT1

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-octadecanoyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, LPGAT1

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, LPGAT1

• 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, LCLAT1

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + octadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, LCLAT1

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = O-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = O-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, LCLAT1

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + octadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, LCLAT1, LPGAT1

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = O-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = O-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, LCLAT1, LPGAT1

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = O-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = O-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, LPCAT4, LCLAT1

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + octadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, AGPAT2

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. tetradecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-tetradecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. tetradecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-tetradecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, AGPAT2

• 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, AGPAT2

• N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, CERS6 and 3 more

• N-octadecanoylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. sphing-4-enine + octadecanoyl-CoA = N-octadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CERS1, TLCD3B, CERS2 and 1 more

• N-eicosanoyl-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. eicosanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-eicosanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. eicosanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-eicosanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. eicosanoyl-CoA + sphing-4-enine = N-eicosanoyl-sphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT2, TLCD3B, CERS2

• 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, PRDX6 and 2 more

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. octadecanoyl-CoA + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, LPCAT3

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, LPGAT1One of 2 routes

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, CPT1A, CPT1B, LPGAT1One of 2 routes

• CHEBI:730073Reach from here →
  1. glutarate(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = glutarate(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)
  2. urate(in) + glutarate(out) = urate(out) + glutarate(in)
  3. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by SLC22A8, MPOinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, nucleusOne of 3 routes

• (9Z)-octadecen-1-olReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = O-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = O-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol + 2 NADP(+) + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, FAR1

• 3-oxo-(11Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = O-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = O-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA + H(+) = 3-oxo-(11Z)-eicosenoyl-CoA + CO2 + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT2, ELOVL7, ELOVL6, ELOVL3 and 1 more

• N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphinganineReach from here →
  1. (R)-carnitine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = O-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  2. (R)-carnitine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = O-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA
  3. sphinganine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT2, CERS5, CERS2