O-acetyl-(R)-carnitine

Three steps

• octanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, CROTcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 23 routes

• (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• phytanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. phytanate-CoA ligase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 5 routes

• octadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 6 morecytosolOne of 16 routes

• prostaglandin F2alphaReach from here →
  1. O-acetyl-(R)-carnitine(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = O-acetyl-(R)-carnitine(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)
  2. glutarate(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = glutarate(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)
  3. prostaglandin F2alpha(out) + glutarate(in) = prostaglandin F2alpha(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC25A20, SLC22A8inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin H2Reach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, PTGS1 and 1 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ALOX5 and 2 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• (15S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (15S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ALOX15B and 2 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ALOX5cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• leukotriene A4Reach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = leukotriene A4 + H2O

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ALOX5cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• (13S)-hydroperoxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. Linoleate:oxygen 13-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ALOX15B and 1 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• guanidinoacetateReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Transport of Guanidinoacetic Acid

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC6A14cytosol, extracellular space

• sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ASAH1 and 3 morecytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• spermidineReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SAT1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-methionineReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, NAGScytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. O-acetyl-(R)-carnitine(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = O-acetyl-(R)-carnitine(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)
  2. glutarate(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = glutarate(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)
  3. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC25A20, SLC22A8, SLC22A24inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Transport of L-Tryptophan by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC6A14cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. transport of beta-alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC6A14 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• L-alanineReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, NAGScytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC6A14cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, NAGScytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• N,N-dimethylglycineReach from here →
  1. O-acetyl-(R)-carnitine(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = O-acetyl-(R)-carnitine(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)
  2. glycine betaine(out) + (R)-carnitine(in) = glycine betaine(in) + (R)-carnitine(out)
  3. L-homocysteine + glycine betaine = N,N-dimethylglycine + L-methionine

  Catalysed by SLC25A20, SLC22A5, BHMTinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ASAH1 and 3 morecytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• kynurenateReach from here →
  1. O-acetyl-(R)-carnitine(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = O-acetyl-(R)-carnitine(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)
  2. glutarate(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = glutarate(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)
  3. kynurenate(out) + glutarate(in) = kynurenate(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC25A20, SLC22A8, SLC22A6inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, HADHA and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 1 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• deoxycholoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. cholate-CoA ligase (3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanate)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 1 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glycine

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, FAAH and 1 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• 4-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. transport of 4-aminobutyrate and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC6A14 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• estrone 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. O-acetyl-(R)-carnitine(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = O-acetyl-(R)-carnitine(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)
  2. glutarate(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = glutarate(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)
  3. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC25A20, SLC22A8, SLC22A24, SLC22A11inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin E2Reach from here →
  1. O-acetyl-(R)-carnitine(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = O-acetyl-(R)-carnitine(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)
  2. glutarate(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = glutarate(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)
  3. prostaglandin E2(out) + glutarate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC25A20, SLC22A8inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (9S)-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. linoleate:oxygen 9-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bcytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ACSM4 and 5 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 6 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (palmitolate)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 16 routes

• 3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. (3-Hydroxyisovalerylcoa->3-Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bcytosol

• CHEBI:63544Reach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (adrenic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• 18-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. cytochrome P450 (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, CYP4F8cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• hexacosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• tetracosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lignocerate)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 10 routes

• docosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (behenic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• (2E)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 3 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearidonic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + H2O = sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ABHD12cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ABHD16Acytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (EPA)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DPA)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (linolenate)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• (13Z)-docosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-erucic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 6 routes