2-hydroxybutyric acid

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. 3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine = beta-alanine + pyruvate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. 2-hydroxybutyrate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
2. glutamic-pyruvic transaminase ((S)-2-aminobutanoate)

Catalysed by LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A, LDHAL6B and 1 morecytosol

1. 2-hydroxybutyrate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
2. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine

Catalysed by LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A, LDHAL6B and 1 morecytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA = acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A1 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. retinal dehydrogenase (13-cis-retinal)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A8, SLC16A1 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and acetate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. acetoacetate + ATP + CoA = acetoacetyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A8 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and acetate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + acetate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. 2-hydroxybutyrate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
2. L-threonine = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+)

Catalysed by LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A, LDHAL6B and 2 morecytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 18 routes

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and acetate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. 2-hydroxybutyrate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-kynurenine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + kynurenate + H2O

Catalysed by LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A, LDHAL6B and 1 morecytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and acetate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and acetate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugate + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + acetate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (4R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. (4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

1. 2-hydroxybutyrate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-kynurenine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + kynurenate + H2O

Catalysed by LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A, LDHAL6B and 1 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

1. 2-hydroxybutyrate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
2. 2-iminobutanoate + H2O = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+)

Catalysed by LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A, LDHAL6B and 1 morecytosol

1. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
2. pyruvate:thiamin diphosphate acetaldehydetransferase (decarboxylating)

Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

1. 2-hydroxybutyrate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
2. 2-oxobutyrate oxidation
3. Active Transport

Catalysed by LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A, LDHAL6Bcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

1. 2-hydroxybutyrate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
2. 2-oxobutyrate oxidation
3. Propanoyl-CoA hydrolase

Catalysed by LDHB and 1 more