Pathway
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterol
In the body, 24-hydroxycholesterol is synthesized in the brain, exported to the liver, and converted there to bile acids and bile salts. This pathway is only a minor source of bile acids and bile salts, but appears to be critical for the disposal of excess cholesterol from the brain.
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In the liver, conversion of 24-hydroxycholesterol to bile acids and bile salts is initiated with hydroxylation and oxidoreductase reactions to form 4-cholesten-7alpha,24(S)-diol-3-one. The pathway then branches: hydroxylation of 4-cholesten-7alpha,24(S)-diol-3-one to 4-cholesten-7alpha,12alpha,24(S)-triol-3-one leads ultimately to the formation of cholate, while its reduction to 5beta-cholestan-7alpha,24(S)-diol-3-one leads to chenodeoxycholate formation. In both branches, reactions in the cytosol, the mitochondrial matrix, and the peroxisomal matrix result in modifications to the ring structure, shortening and oxidation of the side chain, conversion to a Coenzyme A derivative, and conjugation with the amino acids glycine or taurine. These reactions are outlined in the figure below. The final three reactions are identical to ones of bile salt synthesis initiated by 7alpha-hydroxylation and are shown as arrows with no substrates.
What the reference databases state
Statements
13 statements
13 statements · 1 reference database · Subject: Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterol · Sources: Reactome
- ABCD3 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193775Inferred only
- AKR1C1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193775Inferred only
- AKR1C2 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193775Inferred only
- AKR1C3 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193775Inferred only
- AKR1C4 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193775Inferred only
- AKR1D1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193775Inferred only
- AMACR participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193775Inferred only
- CYP27A1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193775Inferred only
- CYP39A1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193775Inferred only
- CYP46A1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193775Inferred only
- HSD3B7 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193775Inferred only
- SLC27A2 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193775Inferred only
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- SLC27A5 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193775Inferred only