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Reach

sphing-4-enine

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

Inferred

Every route here is a hypothesis drawn from reference reactions (Rhea and Human-GEM), not a finding. Currency species such as water, ATP and NAD(H) never form a step. Evidence key

406 compounds within 3 steps: 16 in 1, 86 in 2, 304 in 3

Does it reach a compound?

Two steps

beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-N-octadecanoylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. sphing-4-enine + octadecanoyl-CoA = N-octadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
2. beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-N-octadecanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + N-octadecanoylsphing-4-enine
Catalysed by CERS1, TLCD3B, CERS2, CERS4 and 1 more
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-phosphateReach from here →
1. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + ATP = N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-phosphate + ADP + H(+)
Catalysed by PAFAH2, CERK

Three steps

(S)-carnitineReach from here →
Catalysed by DBP, SPHK2, SPHK1, SGPL1cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 4 routes
CHEBI:1146900Reach from here →
Catalysed by

Page 3 of 9

DBP

, SPHK2

, SPHK1

, SGPL1

cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

One of 25 routes

2-hydroxybutyric acidReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and acetate (cytosol to extracellular)

Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

AReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 5 moreOne of 4 routes

an acyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
an acyl-CoA + H2O = an acyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 9 moreGolgi apparatus

13-hydroxytetradecanoateReach from here →

N-tetradecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + tetradecanoate
N-tetradecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + tetradecanoate
myristic acid[r] + O2[r] + FMNH2[r] = FMN[r] + H2O[r] + 13-hydroxytetradecanoate[r]

Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ASAH2, CYP2E1endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

1-[(9S,10R)-epoxy-octadecanoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 1-[(9S,10R)-epoxy-octadecanoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, CYP2W1

1-[(9R,10S)-epoxy-octadecanoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 1-[(9R,10S)-epoxy-octadecanoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, CYP2W1

1-[8-hydroxy-(9Z)-octadecenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 1-[8-hydroxy-(9Z)-octadecenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, CYP2W1

1-[11-hydroxy-(9Z)-octadecenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 1-[11-hydroxy-(9Z)-octadecenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, CYP2W1

N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanineReach from here →

N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + (9Z)-octadecenoate
H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
L-phenylalanine + (9Z)-octadecenoate = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O

Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum

N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-leucineReach from here →

N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + (9Z)-octadecenoate
H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-leucine + H2O = L-leucine + (9Z)-octadecenoate

Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum

N-acetylcadaverineReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
N-acetylcadaverine + H2O = cadaverine + acetate

Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, HDAC10

cholesterol sulfateReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
cholesterol + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = cholesterol sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 more

a 3-(acyloxy)acyl derivative of bacterial toxinReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
an N-acylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + a fatty acid
a 3-(acyloxy)acyl derivative of bacterial toxin + H2O = a 3-hydroxyacyl derivative of bacterial toxin + a fatty acid + H(+)

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 9 more

acetoacetateReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
transport of acetate and acetoacetate (cytosol to extracellular)

Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

(11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosatrienoyl)-cholesterolReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
1-hexadecanoyl-2-(11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosatrienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = (11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosatrienoyl)-cholesterol + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 5 more

2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, PTGS2

2-[(15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, PTGS2

2-[(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, PTGS2

2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine
2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + 2 O2 = 2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, PTGS2

2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 2 O2 = 2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, PTGS2

a phenyl acetateReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
a phenyl acetate + H2O = a phenol + acetate + H(+)

Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, PON1, PON2 and 1 more

cholesteryl (7Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
(7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl (7Z)-octadecenoate + CoA

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 5 more

(7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

acetaldehydeReach from here →

ATP:sphingosine 1-phosphotransferase
sphingosine-1-phosphate palmitaldehyde-lyase (phosphoethanolamine-forming)
ethanolamine-phosphate phosphate-lyase (deaminating

Catalysed by DBP, SPHK2, SPHK1, SGPL1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

acetylcholineReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + choline + H(+)
Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase

Catalysed by PAFAH2, ENPP2, GDPD3, GDPD1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

acetylpyruvateReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
acetylpyruvate + H2O = acetate + pyruvate + H(+)

Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, FAHD1

pyruvateReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

all-trans-retinoic acidReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)

Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

arachidonoyl-CoAReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →

ATP:sphingosine 1-phosphotransferase
sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (sphingosine-1-phosphate)
Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

Catalysed by DBP, SPHK2, SPHK1, SGPL1 and 8 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 4 routes

oleoyl-CoAReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 6 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 4 routes

betaine aldehydeReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + choline + H(+)
choline dehydrogenase (choline)

Catalysed by PAFAH2, ENPP2, GDPD3, GDPD1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

1-acylglycerone 3-phosphateReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
Acyl-CoA:glycerone-phosphate O-acyltransferase

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 7 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

a sterolReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
a sterol + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sterol ester + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G15, LCAT

beta-D-glucoseReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine
beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + beta-D-glucose

Catalysed by CERS6, TLCD3B, CERS5, CERS2 and 2 more

CHEBI:15978Reach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine
sn-Glycero-3-phosphocholine glycerophosphohydrolase

Catalysed by PAFAH2, PLA2G4C, GPCPD1cytosol

phosphatidylethanolamineReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine O-acyltransferase

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 11 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 2 routes

1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)Reach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 2 routes

phosphatidic acidReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 2-O-acyltransferase

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 15 moreGolgi apparatus, mitochondrial matrixOne of 9 routes

CHEBI:16436Reach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase
ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 4 moreGolgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum

N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithineReach from here →

1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase

Catalysed by PAFAH2, ASAH1, ACY1cytosol

pregnenoloneReach from here →

sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
6 reduced [adrenodoxin] + cholesterol + 3 O2 + 6 H(+) = 4-methylpentanal + pregnenolone + 6 oxidized [adrenodoxin] + 4 H2O

Catalysed by CERS1, CERS6, CERS3, CERS5 and 5 more

8-hydroxydodecanoateReach from here →

N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = dodecanoate + sphing-4-enine
H2O[c] + N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine[c] = lauric acid[c] + sphingosine[c]
dodecanoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 8-hydroxydodecanoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by NAAA, ASAH1, ACER2, ASAH2 and 1 morecytosol

10-hydroxydodecanoateReach from here →

N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = dodecanoate + sphing-4-enine
H2O[c] + N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine[c] = lauric acid[c] + sphingosine[c]
dodecanoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 10-hydroxydodecanoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by NAAA, ASAH1, ACER2, ASAH2 and 1 morecytosol

9-hydroxydodecanoateReach from here →

N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = dodecanoate + sphing-4-enine
H2O[c] + N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine[c] = lauric acid[c] + sphingosine[c]
dodecanoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 9-hydroxydodecanoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by NAAA, ASAH1, ACER2, ASAH2 and 1 morecytosol

9-hydroxytetradecanoateReach from here →

N-tetradecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + tetradecanoate
N-tetradecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + tetradecanoate
tetradecanoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 9-hydroxytetradecanoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ASAH2, CYP4Z1