glutarate

Three steps

• (11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatrienoic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• nonadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (nonadecylic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (11Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. Transport of 11-Octadecenoyl Carnitine into the Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 3 routes

• NAADP(+)Reach from here →
  1. urate(in) + glutarate(out) = urate(out) + glutarate(in)
  2. nicotinate(in) + urate(out) = nicotinate(out) + urate(in)
  3. nicotinate + NADP(+) = NAADP(+) + nicotinamide

  Catalysed by SLC22A8, SLC22A12, SLC22A13, CD38inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• dodecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. Activation of dodecanedioic acid

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 4 routes

• decanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. Production of Sebacoylcarnitine

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 4 routes

• octanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. Production of Suberylcarnitine

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 4 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-DPA)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (11Z,14Z)-eicosadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((11Z,14Z)-eicosadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (R)-3-hydroxy-(11Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. Production of 3-Hydroxyoctadecenoylcarnitinec

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bcytosol

• (13Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((13Z)-eicosenoic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• 20-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (Rnd) Tcdb:2.A.60.1.5

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, SLCO1B1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 4,8-dimethylnonanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. Carnitine Dimethyl Nonanoyl Transferase, Revsible, Peroxisomal

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 2 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 4 routes

• tetradecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C16Dc->C14Dc), Peroxisomal

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 4 morecytosol, peroxisome

• hexadecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. Production of Hexadecanedioylcarnitine

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 2 routes

• pristanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. fatty-acid-CoA ligase

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• undecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (undecylic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 6 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• 16alpha-hydroxyestroneReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. Estrone 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (estrone)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, STS and 24 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (9S)-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. taurocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = taurocholate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. taurocholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurocholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (9S)-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate + 2 glutathione = (9S)-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, ABCC4, GPX1 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• ursodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, SLCO1B1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3beta,7alpha-dihydroxyandrost-5-en-17-oneReach from here →
  1. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. 3beta-Hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 3beta,7alpha-dihydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, STS, CYP7B1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• prostaglandin G2Reach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of prostaglandin G2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, SLCO1B1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• glycodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. taurocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = taurocholate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. taurocholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurocholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. glycodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = glycodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, ABCC4inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (12R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. taurocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = taurocholate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. taurocholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurocholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (12R)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (12R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, ABCC4, GPX1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• androst-5-ene-3,17-dioneReach from here →
  1. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. 3beta-Hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. dehydroepiandrosterone:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, STS, HSD3B1 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• pentanalReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. pentanoate(in) + estrone 3-sulfate(out) = pentanoate(out) + estrone 3-sulfate(in)
  3. pentanal + NAD(+) + H2O = pentanoate + NADH + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, SLC22A9 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (5Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (physeteric acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• (3E)-decenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:1->C10:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 11beta-prostaglandin F2Reach from here →
  1. prostaglandin F2alpha(out) + glutarate(in) = prostaglandin F2alpha(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. aldo-keto reductase (prostaglandin D2)
  3. prostaglandin D2 + NADPH + H(+) = 11beta-prostaglandin F2 + NADP(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A8, AKR1C3, AKR1C2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• (2R,6)-dimethylheptanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4(R),8-dimethyl-nonanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 4-hydroxyestroneReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. Estrone 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. estrone + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 4-hydroxyestrone + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, STS and 6 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• 6alpha-hydroxyestroneReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. Estrone 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. estrone + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 6alpha-hydroxyestrone + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, STS and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• 15alpha-hydroxyestroneReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. Estrone 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. estrone + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 15alpha-hydroxyestrone + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, STS and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• (7Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (7-palmitoleic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• tricosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (tricosanoic acid)

  Catalysed by SUGCT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 8 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. taurocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = taurocholate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. taurocholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurocholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, ABCC4, PTGES and 5 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. taurocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = taurocholate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. taurocholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurocholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, ABCC4, GPX1 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8E,10E)-heptadecatrienoateReach from here →
  1. prostaglandin E2(out) + glutarate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. prostaglandin E synthase (prostaglandin E2)
  3. prostaglandin H2 = (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8E,10E)-heptadecatrienoate + malonaldehyde

  Catalysed by SLC22A8, PTGES, PTGES3, PTGES2 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, endoplasmic reticulum

• thromboxane B2Reach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, SLCO1B1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• a 3-oxoacyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  2. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate
  3. a 3-oxo acid + succinyl-CoA = a 3-oxoacyl-CoA + succinate

  Catalysed by SUGCT, OXCT1, OXCT2

• an S-substituted glutathioneReach from here →
  1. taurocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = taurocholate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. taurocholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurocholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. RX + glutathione = an S-substituted glutathione + a halide anion + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, ABCC4, GSTT4 and 22 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 19-hydroxyprostaglandin H2Reach from here →
  1. prostaglandin E2(out) + glutarate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. prostaglandin E synthase (prostaglandin E2)
  3. prostaglandin H2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 19-hydroxyprostaglandin H2 + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A8, PTGES, PTGES3, PTGES2 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, endoplasmic reticulum

• (13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. taurocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = taurocholate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. taurocholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurocholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (13S)-hydroperoxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + 2 glutathione = (13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, ABCC4, GPX1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• taurochenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. estrone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = estrone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene)

  Catalysed by SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SLC22A11, SLCO1B1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes