acetylcholine

Three steps

• (15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + AH2 + O2 = (15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, PTGS2cytosol

• prostaglandin H3Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. prostaglandin G3 + AH2 = prostaglandin H3 + A + H2O

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, PTGS2cytosol

• 10-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 10-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, CYP3A4, CYP2C9extracellular space, cytosol

• prostaglandin J2Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of Prostaglandin J2, Lactate Antiport

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• 15-oxoprostaglandin F2alphaReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of 15-Keto-Prostaglandin F2A, Lactate Antiport

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 6 routes

• dopamine 3-O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of dopamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. dopamine + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = dopamine 3-O-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1A2, SULT1B1, SULT1A3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• dopamine 4-O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of dopamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Dopamine 4-O-Sulfotransferase

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1A2, SULT1A3, SULT1A1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• hyocholateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (chenodiol)
  3. Chenodeoxycholic acid 6alpha-hydroxylase

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1A2, CYP3A4extracellular space, cytosol

• prostaglandin A2-S-(R)-glutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of prostaglandin A2 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin A2 + glutathione = prostaglandin A2-S-(R)-glutathione

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, GSTA1, GSTM1extracellular space, cytosol

• prostaglandin A2-S-(S)-glutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of prostaglandin A2 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin A2 + glutathione = prostaglandin A2-S-(S)-glutathione

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, GSTP1, GSTM1extracellular space, cytosol

• 13-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = 13-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, PTGS2cytosol

• 9-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = 9-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, PTGS2cytosol

• (8S,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 O2 = (8S,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, ALOX15extracellular space, cytosol

• (14R,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,12E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 O2 = (14R,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,12E)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, ALOX15extracellular space, cytosol

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + L-phenylalanine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, PM20D1extracellular space, cytosol

• all-trans-4-hydroxyretinoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. cytochrome P450 (retinoate)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• 7-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and 24 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 13-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and 24 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 13(S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 13(S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, CYP2C9extracellular space, cytosol

• (13R)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = (13R)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, PTGS1 and 1 morecytosol

• chenodeoxycholoyl-24-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)Reach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (chenodiol)
  3. chenodeoxycholate + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = chenodeoxycholoyl-24-O-(beta-D-glucuronate) + UDP

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1A2, UGT2A2, UGT1A3extracellular space, cytosol

• 16(R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and 24 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, PTGS2cytosol

• 2-[(15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, PTGS2cytosol

• 2-[(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, PTGS2cytosol

• 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. 2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + AH2 = 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, PTGS2cytosol

• 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. 2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 = 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHDH, PTGS2cytosol

• N-(4-oxoglutaryl)-L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glutathione gamma-glutamylaminopeptidase
  3. N-(4-oxoglutaryl)-L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = L-cysteinylglycine + 2-oxoglutarate

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, GGTLC3, GGT1 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• all-trans-retinoyl-1-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. glucuronosyltransferase (retinoate)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulum

• all-trans-18-hydroxyretinoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (retinoate)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 26 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + 1-octadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, ASAH1, PLA2G15cytosol

• beta-D-glucosyl-(1->3)-O-chenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (chenodiol)
  3. a di-trans,poly-cis-dolichyl beta-D-glucosyl phosphate + chenodeoxycholate = beta-D-glucosyl-(1->3)-O-chenodeoxycholate + a di-trans,poly-cis-dolichyl phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1A2, GBA2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-cystine-bis-glycineReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glutathione gamma-glutamylaminopeptidase
  3. 2 L-cysteinylglycine + [protein]-disulfide = L-cystine-bis-glycine + [protein]-dithiol

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, GGTLC3, GGT1 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-nonadioyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-nonadioyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 2-nonadioyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, ASAH1, PLA2G15cytosol

• 8-hydroperoxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. arachidonate to 8-peroxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate conversion

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-serineReach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-serine + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + L-serine

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, FAAH, PM20D1extracellular space, cytosol

• (7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, CPT1A and 2 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• (15S)-15-hydroperoxy-prostaglandin E2Reach from here →
  1. transport of acetylcholine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of prostaglandin G2 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin G2 = (15S)-15-hydroperoxy-prostaglandin E2

  Catalysed by SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, PTGESextracellular space, cytosol

• acetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone)
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CYP17A1cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:15345Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and acetoacetate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

• acetoneReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and acetoacetate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Acetoacetate carboxy-lyase (acetone-forming)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• CHEBI:15380Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. 5-aminolevulinate synthase (2-amino-3-oxoadipate)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, ALAS1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:15477Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, GLYAT and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 2-methylcrotonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. Production of Tiglylcarnitine

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, CPT1A and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• isobutyryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4-methyl-pentanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, HADHA and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. glycine-N-acyltransferase (3-methylcrotonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, GLYATcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• isovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (isovalerylglycine)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, GLYAT and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• arachidonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. Arachidonate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 14 routes

• CHEBI:15519Reach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, ACAA1 and 2 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylcholine aectylhydrolase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by BCHE, ACHE, CHAT, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 11 routes