N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine

Three steps

• CHEBI:63544Reach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (adrenic acid)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• pregn-5-ene-3,20-dioneReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. 6 reduced [adrenodoxin] + cholesterol + 3 O2 + 6 H(+) = 4-methylpentanal + pregnenolone + 6 oxidized [adrenodoxin] + 4 H2O
  3. Pregnenolone:NAD+ 3-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, CYP11A1, HSD3B1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 4-methylpentan-1-olReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. 6 reduced [adrenodoxin] + cholesterol + 3 O2 + 6 H(+) = 4-methylpentanal + pregnenolone + 6 oxidized [adrenodoxin] + 4 H2O
  3. aldose reductase (isocaproic-aldehyde)

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, CYP11A1, AKR1B10 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, PLA2G15endoplasmic reticulum

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, PLA2G15endoplasmic reticulum

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, LPCAT4, LPCAT3, MBOAT1 and 1 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• a triacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  3. an acyl-CoA + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol = a triacyl-sn-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, DGAT1, MOGAT2, AWAT2 and 3 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown
  3. 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, LCLAT1, LPCAT1, GPAMGolgi apparatus, cytosol

• sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + H2O = sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + H2O = sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ABHD12endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 14 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, PLA2G15endoplasmic reticulum

• hexacosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• a 1-acyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a 1-acyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, LCAT, ASPG

• tetracosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lignocerate)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• docosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (behenic acid)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 10 routes

• a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, PLA2G15endoplasmic reticulum

• a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, PLA2G15endoplasmic reticulum

• beta-D-glucosyl-N-octanoylsphing-4E-enineReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  3. beta-D-glucosyl-N-octanoylsphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-octanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2One of 2 routes

• CHEBI:67119Reach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase
  3. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• all-trans-retinyl 9Z-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+) = 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H2O
  3. 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl 9Z-octadecenoate + di-(9Z)-octadecenoylglycerol

  Catalysed by ACER3, DGAT1, LIPA, PNPLA4 and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, CH25H, MOCOS

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearidonic acid)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by ACER3endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 15 routes

• 1-O-hexadecyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-O-hexadecyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, LPCAT1endoplasmic reticulumOne of 4 routes

• 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, PLA2G15endoplasmic reticulum

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + H2O = sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, ABHD12, LPGAT1endoplasmic reticulum

• 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ABHD16Aendoplasmic reticulum

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 7 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 7 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• N-(hexadecanoyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. sphing-4-enine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. N-hexadecanoylsphing-4-enine + ATP = N-(hexadecanoyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-phosphate + ADP + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACER3, CERS6, TLCD3B, CERS5 and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, LCAT, PRDX6 and 2 moreOne of 4 routes

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. octadecanoyl-CoA + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, LCAT, LPCAT3

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 10 moreendoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, LCAT, LPCAT3 and 2 more

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, LCAT, LPCAT3 and 1 moreOne of 2 routes

• 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, PLA2G15endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, LCAT, ASPG and 1 more

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 7 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• an N-acylsphing-4-enine 1-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)
  3. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acylsphing-4-enine 1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

  Catalysed by ACER3, CERS1, CERS6, CERS3 and 6 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• 1-(beta-D-galactosyl)-N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine + H2O = dodecanoate + sphing-4-enine
  3. 1-(beta-D-galactosyl)-N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-galactoside + N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by ACER3, NAAA, ASAH1, ACER2 and 3 moreendoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• (9Z)-octadecen-1-olReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H(+) = (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol + 2 NADP(+) + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 6 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + sphing-4-enine = 1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H(+)
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by ACER3, PAFAH2, PLA2G15endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (EPA)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 10 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DPA)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, LCAT, LPCAT3 and 1 more

• 3-oxo-(11Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[r] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[r] = oleate[r] + sphingosine[r]
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + malonyl-CoA + H(+) = 3-oxo-(11Z)-eicosenoyl-CoA + CO2 + CoA

  Catalysed by ACER3, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 9 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (linolenate)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• (13Z)-docosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-erucic acid)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• (11Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-gondoic acid)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• (9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. H2O[g] + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine[g] = elaidate[g] + sphingosine[g]
  2. (9E)-octadecenoyl-CoA hydrolase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-TPA)

  Catalysed by ACER3, ACOT7, BAAT, THEM4 and 10 moreGolgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 6 routes