a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

Three steps

• 11-cis-retinyl esterReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. 11-cis-retinol + a fatty acyl-CoA = 11-cis-retinyl ester + CoA

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 13-cis-retinyl esterReach from here →
  1. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = a 2-acylglycerol + a fatty acid + H(+)
  2. a fatty acid + ATP + CoA = a fatty acyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. 13-cis-retinol + a fatty acyl-CoA = 13-cis-retinyl ester + CoA

  Catalysed by DAGLB, ABHD11, DAGLA, ACSL3 and 1 more

• 9-cis-retinyl esterReach from here →
  1. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = a 2-acylglycerol + a fatty acid + H(+)
  2. a fatty acid + ATP + CoA = a fatty acyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. 9-cis-retinol + a fatty acyl-CoA = 9-cis-retinyl ester + CoA

  Catalysed by DAGLB, ABHD11, DAGLA, ACSL3 and 1 more

• (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol acylhydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + O2 = (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate

  Catalysed by LPL, ALOX5extracellular space

• 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 3 morecytosol

• N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 1-butanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerolReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + butanoyl-CoA = 1-butanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 7 morecytosol

• 1-octanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerolReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase
  3. 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + octanoyl-CoA = 1-octanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 1-eicosanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerolReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)
  3. eicosanoyl-CoA + 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol = 1-eicosanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 9 morecytosol

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• O-butanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. butanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-butanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 8 morecytosol

• S-disulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-cysteine = S-disulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• O-[(5Z),(8Z),(11Z),(14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-beta-D-glucuronateReach from here →
  1. 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol acylhydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = O-[(5Z),(8Z),(11Z),(14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-beta-D-glucuronate + UDP

  Catalysed by LPL, UGT1A9, UGT2B7, UGT1A6 and 3 moreextracellular space

• 3-oxo-(9Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)
  3. very-long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA synthase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 11 morecytosol

• S-hexadecanoyl-N-acetylcysteamineReach from here →
  1. N-hexadecanoylsphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = N-hexadecanoyl-sphinganine-1-phosphocholine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. sphinganine + hexadecanoate = N-hexadecanoylsphinganine + H2O
  3. S-hexadecanoyl-N-acetylcysteamine + H2O = N-acetylcysteamine + hexadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SGMS1, SGMS2, ASAH2, PPT1 and 1 more

• S-hexadecanoyl-N-acetylcysteine methyl esterReach from here →
  1. N-hexadecanoylsphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = N-hexadecanoyl-sphinganine-1-phosphocholine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. sphinganine + hexadecanoate = N-hexadecanoylsphinganine + H2O
  3. S-hexadecanoyl-N-acetylcysteine methyl ester + H2O = N-acetylcysteine methyl ester + hexadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SGMS1, SGMS2, ASAH2, PPT1

• (2E,6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (gamma-linolenate)
  3. (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoA + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] + H(+) = (2E,6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatetraenoyl-CoA + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein]

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 12 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• (2E,7Z,10Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial
  3. (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoA + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] + H(+) = (2E,7Z,10Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoA + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein]

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 6 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (2E,4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C16:4->C16:5), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• (2E,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial
  3. (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoA + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] + H(+) = (2E,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoA + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein]

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 6 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (2E,4Z,7Z)-decatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C10:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• a long-chain alcohol wax esterReach from here →
  1. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = a 2-acylglycerol + a fatty acid + H(+)
  2. a fatty acid + ATP + CoA = a fatty acyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate
  3. a long chain fatty alcohol + a fatty acyl-CoA = a long-chain alcohol wax ester + CoA

  Catalysed by DAGLB, ABHD11, DAGLA, ACSL3 and 2 more

• CHEBI:240943Reach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• octanoateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase
  3. Octanoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-ethanolamineReach from here →
  1. 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol acylhydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. fatty acylamide amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by LPL, FAAHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• phenylacetylglycineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. phenylacetyl-CoA:glycine N-phenylacetyltransferase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 6 routes

• decanoateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)
  3. Decanoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 8 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• dodecanalReach from here →
  1. 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol acylhydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. 2 H+[r] + lauric acid[r] + NADH[r] = H2O[r] + NAD+[r] + dodecanal[r]

  Catalysed by LPL, ALDH3A2extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• L-glyceraldehydeReach from here →
  1. 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol acylhydrolase
  2. a monoacylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + a fatty acid + H(+)
  3. glycerol + NADP(+) = L-glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H(+)

  Catalysed by LIPF, LIPC, PNLIP, CEL and 13 moreextracellular space

• alpha-D-galactoseReach from here →
  1. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
  3. D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine galactohydrolase

  Catalysed by SGMS1, SGMS2, UGT8, GALCcytosol, lysosome

• hexacosan-1-olReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)
  3. hexacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H(+) = hexacosan-1-ol + 2 NADP(+) + CoA

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 10 morecytosol

• CHEBI:28666Reach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion
  3. LTD4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 33 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• O-decanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)
  3. decanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-decanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 9 morecytosol

• pyridoxine 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• N-acetyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• K(+)Reach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• Cys-tRNA(Cys)Reach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. L-Cysteine:tRNA(Cys) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• Gly-tRNA(Gly)Reach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 5 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• Asn-tRNA(Asn)Reach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  3. L-Asparagine:tRNA(Asn) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• chlorine(.)Reach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Carnitine Transport by Atb0

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 15 routes

• glycocholateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase
  3. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 5 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 5 routes

• cholateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase
  3. choloyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 5 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• hydrogen sulfideReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 12 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + H2O = (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 13 morecytosol

• 3-acetamidopropanalReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion
  3. N1-acetylspermine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-acetamidopropanal-forming)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 3 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. Propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. Propanoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 5 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• citric acidReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)
  3. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 8 morecytosol

• adipic acidReach from here →
  1. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  2. Activation of adipic acid for Formation of Adipoyl Carnitine
  3. Thioesterification of adipoyl-CoA for Release into Cytosol

  Catalysed by DGAT1, MOGAT2, MOGAT3, MOGAT1 and 2 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes