N-acetylputrescine

Three steps

• 4-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  3. 4-Aminobutyraldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, AOC2, AOC1, AOC3 and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, ACSM4 and 5 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, CPT1A and 2 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (palmitolate)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• (4R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (4R)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. (3-Hydroxyisovalerylcoa->3-Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, CPT1A and 1 morecytosol

• CHEBI:63544Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (adrenic acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15

• 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15

• hexacosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• tetracosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lignocerate)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 10 routes

• docosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (behenic acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15

• a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15

• N(5)-[(Z)-amino(hydroxyimino)methyl]ornithineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. L-arginine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (N-(omega)-hydroxyarginine-forming)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, NOS3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + acetate
  3. phosphoglucomutase (N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, AMDHD2, PGM3cytosol

• (2E)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, CPT1A and 2 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearidonic acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• (4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15

• 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15One of 4 routes

• 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15One of 3 routes

• 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15One of 3 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (EPA)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DPA)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (linolenate)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (13Z)-docosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-erucic acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (11Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-gondoic acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-TPA)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosahexaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-THA)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• (15Z)-tetracosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (nervonic acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (17Z)-hexacosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (ximenic acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (dihomo-gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (omega-3-arachidonic acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DHA)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• heptadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (margaric acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (9Z)-heptadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (9-heptadecylenic acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatrienoic acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• nonadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (nonadecylic acid)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (11Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. Transport of 11-Octadecenoyl Carnitine into the Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, CPT1A and 2 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15One of 8 routes

• 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15One of 2 routes

• 1-octadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-octadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15One of 5 routes

• 2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 2-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15

• 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15One of 9 routes

• 2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15

• 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15One of 2 routes

• 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15One of 3 routes

• 2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ASAH1, PLA2G15