11-cis-retinol

Two steps

• 13-cis-retinyl esterReach from here →
  1. 11-cis-retinol = 13-cis-retinol
  2. 13-cis-retinol + a fatty acyl-CoA = 13-cis-retinyl ester + CoA

  Catalysed by DEGS1, AWAT2

• 9-cis-retinyl esterReach from here →
  1. 11-cis-retinol = 9-cis-retinol
  2. 9-cis-retinol + a fatty acyl-CoA = 9-cis-retinyl ester + CoA

  Catalysed by DEGS1, AWAT2

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 9 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 9 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (4Z,7Z)-decadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C8:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 9 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acidReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. 11-peroxy-docosahexaenoate to DHA conversion

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 1 morecytosol

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 4 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 7 routes

• a fatty acidReach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase (11-Cis)
  2. an all-trans-retinyl ester + H2O = 11-cis-retinol + a fatty acid + H(+)

  Catalysed by RPE65cytosolOne of 2 routes

• fatty acidReach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase (11-Cis)
  2. 1-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acylhydrolase

  Catalysed by LYPLA1, LYPLA2, PLA2G4A, PLB1 and 6 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• all-trans-4-oxoretinolReach from here →
  1. all-trans-Retinol 11-cis-trans-isomerase
  2. cytochrome P450 (retinol)

  Catalysed by CYP26A1cytosol

• 13-cis-retinalReach from here →
  1. 11-cis-retinol = 13-cis-retinol
  2. retinol dehydrogenase (13-cis-retinal)

  Catalysed by DEGS1, RDH5cytosolOne of 3 routes

• taurineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 2 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinolReach from here →
  1. all-trans-Retinol 11-cis-trans-isomerase
  2. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2

  Catalysed by RETSATcytosol

• glycineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 10 routes

• (R)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. aldehyde dehydrogenase (2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (S)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 3'-dephospho-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 2 morecytosol, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoA formation

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-ketopristanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 3 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 9 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• butanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• dodecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 9 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• glutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• eicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 9 morecytosolOne of 12 routes

• itaconyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 9 morecytosolOne of 13 routes

• tetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 9 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• octanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 20 routes

• phytanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. phytanate-CoA ligase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 1 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• octadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 8 morecytosolOne of 15 routes

• sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 5 morecytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• spermidineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 3 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-methionineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-alanineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 5 morecytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 3 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• deoxycholoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. cholate-CoA ligase (3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanate)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 3 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 4 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (palmitolate)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 9 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• 3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  2. (3-Hydroxyisovalerylcoa->3-Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine)

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 3 morecytosol