Fe(3+)

Three steps

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. Transport of Hydroxy-Proline

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 2-aminoisobutanoateReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. 2-aminoisobutanoate(out) + L-alanine(in) = 2-aminoisobutanoate(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• pyridoxine 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• chlorine(.)Reach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• (9Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. Fe(3+)(out) + L-ascorbate(in) = monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical(in) + Fe(2+)(out) + H(+)
  2. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoate + glycine = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + H2O

  Catalysed by CYB561D2, CYB561, CYBRD1, CYB561D1 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• methylarsonateReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase
  3. methylarsonate + 2 glutathione + H(+) = methylarsonous acid + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, GSTO1, GSTO2extracellular space, cytosol

• thiosulfateReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase
  3. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, TSTD1extracellular space, cytosol

• tetra-mu3-sulfido-tetrairon(2+)Reach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. Synthesis of 4Fe4S from 2Fe2S

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 10 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• D-cysteineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. D-cysteine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-cysteine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• D-serineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. D-serine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-serine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 6 routes

• L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• Cu(+)Reach from here →
  1. Fe(3+)(out) + L-ascorbate(in) = monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical(in) + Fe(2+)(out) + H(+)
  2. a [peptide]-C-terminal glycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = a [peptide]-C-terminal (2S)-2-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  3. Cu(2+)(out) + L-ascorbate(in) = Cu(+)(out) + monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical(in) + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYB561D2, CYB561, CYBRD1, CYB561D1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• gamma-Glu-AlaReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 10 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• deoxyhemoglobinReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. Ferrochelatase, Mitochondrial
  3. globin to hemoglobin conversion

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, FECHextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• glycineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 6 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrixOne of 14 routes

• dodecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Fe(3+)(out) + L-ascorbate(in) = monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical(in) + Fe(2+)(out) + H(+)
  2. N-dodecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  3. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYB561D2, CYB561, CYBRD1, CYB561D1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• tetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Fe(3+)(out) + L-ascorbate(in) = monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical(in) + Fe(2+)(out) + H(+)
  2. N-tetradecanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-tetradecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-tetradecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYB561D2, CYB561, CYBRD1, CYB561D1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• octanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Fe(3+)(out) + L-ascorbate(in) = monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical(in) + Fe(2+)(out) + H(+)
  2. N-octanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  3. octanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-octanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYB561D2, CYB561, CYBRD1, CYB561D1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• D-alanineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. D-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• D-threonineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. D-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-methionineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. transport of alanine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. transport of alanine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• glutathioneReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase
  3. 2 glutathione + NADP(+) = glutathione disulfide + NADPH + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, GSRextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• L-threonineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. beta-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = beta-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• biliverdin IXalphaReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. Ferrochelatase, Mitochondrial
  3. Heme Oxygenase 1

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, FECH, HMOX1, HMOX2extracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. transport of alanine and asparagine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-prolineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• Fe(II)-heme oReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. Ferrochelatase, Mitochondrial
  3. farnesyl-PP[m] + H2O[m] + heme[m] = PPi[m] + Fe(II)-heme o[m]

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, FECH, COX10extracellular space, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Fe(3+)(out) + L-ascorbate(in) = monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical(in) + Fe(2+)(out) + H(+)
  2. N-decanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-decanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O
  3. decanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-decanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYB561D2, CYB561, CYBRD1, CYB561D1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 10 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• (R)-noradrenalineReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. 7-hydroperoxy-H4-neuroprostane to 7-hydroxy-E4-neuroprostane conversion
  3. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, DBHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 5 moreextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix

• ferroheme c di-L-cysteine(2-) residueReach from here →
  1. cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)
  2. Ferrochelatase, Mitochondrial
  3. Cytochrome c apocytochrome-c-lyase

  Catalysed by CYBRD1, FECH, HCCSextracellular space, mitochondrial matrix