(S)-carnitine

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

976 compounds within 3 steps: 17 in 1, 214 in 2, 745 in 3

Two steps

(13Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((13Z)-eicosenoic acid)
Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes
20-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. arachidonic acid:oxygen 1-oxidoreductase
Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and 23 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 3 routes
11,12-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 11,12-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)
Catalysed by CYP2C9endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol
19-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 19-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)
Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol
4,8-dimethylnonanoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
2. Carnitine Dimethyl Nonanoyl Transferase, Revsible, Peroxisomal
Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, CRAT and 1 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 4 routes
tetradecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C16Dc->C14Dc), Peroxisomal
Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ACAA1 and 3 morecytosol, peroxisome
hexadecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
2. Production of Hexadecanedioylcarnitine
Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 2 routes
pristanoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
2. fatty-acid-CoA ligase
Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2cytosolOne of 2 routes
undecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (undecylic acid)
Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ACSM4 and 5 morecytosolOne of 3 routes
N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + (9Z)-octadecenoate
Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol
18-hydroxy-(9Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. (9Z)-octadecenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 18-hydroxy-(9Z)-octadecenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)
Catalysed by CYP4A11, CYP4F11endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol
1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + H2O = sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositol + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)
Catalysed by ABHD12endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol
(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + AH2 + O2 = (11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + A + H2O
Catalysed by PTGS2endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes
(15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + AH2 + O2 = (15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate + A + H2O
Catalysed by PTGS2endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes
(15R)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (15R)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate
Catalysed by PTGS2endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol
11R-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. Arachidonate: oxygen 11-oxidoreductase
Catalysed by ALOX12endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes
prostaglandin G2Reach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. Arachidonate:oxygen oxidoreductase
Catalysed by PTGS1, PTGS2endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes
(12R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (12R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)
Catalysed by CYP2C9endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol
14,15-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)
Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and 23 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 4 routes
8,9-epoxy-(5Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)
Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and 22 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 3 routes
1-heptadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserineReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. 1-heptadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine + H2O = 1-heptadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine + (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + H(+)
Catalysed by ABHD16Aendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol
1-heptadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. 1-heptadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-heptadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + H(+)
Catalysed by ABHD16Aendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol
1-heptadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. 1-heptadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + H2O = 1-heptadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + H(+)
Catalysed by ABHD16Aendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol
(5Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (physeteric acid)
Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 8 routes
(3E)-decenoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
2. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:1->C10:1), Mitochondrial
Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ACADM and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix
(2R,6)-dimethylheptanoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
2. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4(R),8-dimethyl-nonanoyl-CoA)
Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, HADHA and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix
(7Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (7-palmitoleic acid)
Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 8 routes
tricosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (tricosanoic acid)
Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 4 routes
(18R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (18R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)
Catalysed by CYP4F8endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol
15-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = 15-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate
Catalysed by ALOX15Bendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol
5-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
1. Utilized Transport
2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = 5-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate
Catalysed by ALOX15Bendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

Three steps

beta-carbolineReach from here →
Catalysed by SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol
2-hydroxybutyric acidReach from here →
Catalysed by SLC33A1, ESCO2, OXSM and 4 more