Endpoint

C-reactive protein concentration

A plasma protein that circulates in increased amounts during inflammation and after tissue damage. C-Reactive Protein measured by more sensitive methods often for coronary heart disease risk assessment is referred to as High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP).

Definition from MeSH (D002097), National Library of Medicine, read 2026-09-16. NLM revises MeSH; this copy may not reflect its current record.

CAT:outcome/c-reactive-proteinreported in mg/L52 findings from 27 compounds

Open in the graph

What moved it

How to read these marks

52 findings · 27 compounds · 22 null · by evidence strength

Compound	Direction	Findings	Strongest evidence
curcumin	down 5 · no effect 3	8	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
coenzyme Q10	no effect 2 · down 4	6	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
melatonin	down 2 · no effect 1	3	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
(R)-carnitine	down 1 · no effect 1	2	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid	no effect 1 · down 1	2	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
empagliflozin	no effect	2	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
L-glutamine	down	2	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
magnesium(2+)	down 1 · no effect 1	2	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
resveratrol	no effect 1 · down 1	2	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
Bifidobacterium animalis	no effect	1	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
creatine	no effect	1	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
folic acid	down	1	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
L-ascorbic acid	down	1	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum	down	1	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
pravastatin	no effect	1	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
selenium atom	down	1	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
vitamin D2	no effect	1	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
Zn(2+)	down	1	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
α-tocopherol	down	1	Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.
berberine	no effect 1 · down 3	4	Evidence strength: limited. Human evidence with several recorded weaknesses, or a design that tops out at limited.
titanium dioxide	no effect	1	Evidence strength: limited. Human evidence with several recorded weaknesses, or a design that tops out at limited.
crocin-1	down	2	Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.
L-arginine	no effect	2	Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.
astaxanthin	no effect	1	Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.
calciol	down	1	Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.
lipoic acid	no effect	1	Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.
ursolic acid	down	1	Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.

Reported to move it

30 findings

magnesium(2+) — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Finding
“In meta-analysis, Mg supplementation significantly decreased serum C reactive protein (CRP) and increased nitric oxide (NO) levels.”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Inflammatory Parameters: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

Adults in RCTs of oral Mg supplementation vs placebo (mean age 46 y, 62.5% female)
Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Inflammatory Parameters: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2022PMID:35277037Permalink
melatonin — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Findingreplicated ×1
“During the study, serum hs-CRP levels decreased in the melatonin group, and this reduction was significant in comparison with the placebo group ( P = 0.04).”
Quoted verbatim from Effects of melatonin on advanced glycation end products, inflammation, and oxidative stress in peritoneal dialysis patients: a randomized controlled trial..
Study

RCT
Dose

Melatonin 5 mg tablet, one tablet nightly one hour before bedtime, for 10 weeks
Population

Adults aged 19-75 with chronic kidney failure on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, four PD centres in Iran; 46 recruited, 44 analysed (22 melatonin, 22 placebo) after one exclusion per group for peritonitis; serum hs-CRP was a pre-specified PRIMARY outcome and the variable the trial was powered on; double-blind, placebo-controlled; hs-CRP by ELISA (ZellBio GmbH), intra-assay CV 5.1%; between-group comparison of change from baseline at week 10
Effects of melatonin on advanced glycation end products, inflammation, and oxidative stress in peritoneal dialysis patients: a randomized controlled trial.2025PMID:41125682Industry fundedPermalink
all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Finding
“Serum ESR and CRP levels significantly decreased in the EPA-rich fish oil (p < 0.001).”
Quoted verbatim from Eicosapentaenoic acid decreases inflammation and improves glucose homeostasis in patients with burns: a randomized clinical trial..
Study

RCT
Participants

24
Duration

3 weeks
Dose

1.5 g/day EPA as EPA-rich fish oil capsules (500 mg EPA per capsule, three times daily with meals)
Population

Hospitalised adults aged 18-65 with non-severe burns covering less than 20% of total body surface area, able to take more than 90% of their daily calorie requirement by mouth, without diabetes, organ failure, cancer or immune disorder; both the EPA arm and the control arm also received 600 mg/day DHA.
Eicosapentaenoic acid decreases inflammation and improves glucose homeostasis in patients with burns: a randomized clinical trial.2025PMID:41254027Permalink
selenium atom — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Finding
“There was a significant reduction in postoperative CRP levels in the selenium intervention group compared to the control group (SMD -0.18; 95% CI: -0.34, -0.02; P = 0.03) after cardiac surgery.”
Quoted verbatim from Efficacy of selenium on patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

Adults after cardiac surgery in a pooled analysis of randomized trials of perioperative selenium versus control, CRP pooled across postoperative days 0, 2 and 3
Effect -0.18 standardised mean difference, 95% CI -0.34 to -0.02
Efficacy of selenium on patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2024PMID:38659018Permalink
(R)-carnitine — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Finding
“In addition, mean ESR and CRP, as indicators of inflammation, were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control (p = 0.021 and p = 0.009, respectively; two-sided T-test).”
Quoted verbatim from Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 disease: a pilot study..
Study

RCT
Duration

5 days
Dose

1000 mg oral every 8 h (3 g daily) added to routine treatment
Population

Hospitalised adults aged 18 to 60 with mild-to-moderate COVID-19, all on routine hospital treatment including remdesivir, beta-interferon and dexamethasone
Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 disease: a pilot study.2022PMID:35997951Permalink
L-ascorbic acid — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Finding
“Ascorbic acid significantly reduced the proinflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein and procalcitonin.”
Quoted verbatim from Phase I safety trial of intravenous ascorbic acid in patients with severe sepsis..
Study

RCT
Duration

4 days
Dose

50 mg/kg/24 h or 200 mg/kg/24 h intravenously, infusions every six hours for four days
Population

24 patients with severe sepsis in a medical intensive care unit; low-dose and high-dose ascorbic acid arms versus placebo (5% dextrose/water)
Phase I safety trial of intravenous ascorbic acid in patients with severe sepsis.2014PMID:24484547Permalink

Show the remaining 24

curcumin — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Findingreplicated ×4
“The results showed that compared with the control group, the CRP in curcumin was lower [WMD=-0.35 95%CI (-0.55, -0.15), P=0.0005].”
Quoted verbatim from Efficacy and safety of dietary polyphenols in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 randomized controlled trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

adults with rheumatoid arthritis
Effect -0.35 mean difference, 95% CI -0.55 to -0.15
Efficacy and safety of dietary polyphenols in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 randomized controlled trials.2023PMID:37033930Permalink
L-glutamine — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Findingreplicated ×1
“Meta-analysis showed that glutamine supplementation significantly decreased significantly serum levels of FPG [SMD: - 0.73, 95% CI - 1.35, - 0.11, I2: 84.1%] and CRP [SMD: - 0.58, 95% CI - 0.1, - 0.17, I2: 0%].”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of glutamine supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors and inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

participants in randomized clinical trials of glutamine supplementation
Effect of glutamine supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors and inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.2021PMID:33865313Permalink
α-tocopherol — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Finding
“The pooled data indicated that vitamin E supplementation significantly decreased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [standardized mean difference (SMD): -1.35; 95% confidence interval (CI): -2.57, -0.13; p = 0.03, I2 = 89%], vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (SMD: -1.08; 95% CI: -2.05, -0.11; p = 0.03, I2 = 81%), C-reactive protein (SMD: -0.41; 95% CI: -0.75, -0.07; p = 0.02, I2 = 64%), and malondialdehyde (SMD: -0.76; 95% CI: -1.26, -0.25; p = 0.003, I2 = 77%) levels, but not interleukin-6 levels compared to those in the control group.”
Quoted verbatim from Beneficial Effects of Vitamin E Supplementation on Endothelial Dysfunction, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

Adult patients receiving haemodialysis in randomised controlled trials of vitamin E supplementation versus control
Effect -0.41 standardised mean difference, 95% CI -0.75 to -0.07
Beneficial Effects of Vitamin E Supplementation on Endothelial Dysfunction, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2021PMID:34769353Permalink
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Finding
“Normalized percentage data revealed that GKK1 reduced the relative CRP inflammatory burden at 24 h compared to the placebo (118.72 ± 39.32% vs. 209.45 ± 72.90%, p < 0.001, 95% CI [−124.76 to −56.70], Cohen’s d = 1.549) and maintained significantly lower absolute CRP levels through 48 h (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.873) (Table 6 and Figure 4C).”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GKK1 Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Fatigue, Muscle Damage, and Recovery in Healthy Men: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial..
Study

RCT
Duration

4 weeks
Dose

two capsules daily, 1.0 x 10^11 CFU per day, 28 days before the damaging exercise
Population

Healthy sedentary adult men after a 100-jump plyometric muscle-damage protocol; relative change at 24 h and absolute level through 48 h post-exercise; placebo capsules in the comparator arm
Effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GKK1 Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Fatigue, Muscle Damage, and Recovery in Healthy Men: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.2026PMID:42738954Industry fundedPermalink
Zn(2+) — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Finding
“Five studies showed a significant reduction in CRP/hs‐CRP following zinc supplementation (SMD = −0.91; 95% CI −1.43 to −0.38; p = 0.0007), with considerable heterogeneity (I 2 = 76%).”
Quoted verbatim from Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Glycemic Control, Insulin Resistance, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

Adults and children with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes or prediabetes in 18 pooled RCTs of zinc supplementation against placebo or standard care
Effect -0.91 standardised mean difference, 95% CI -1.43 to -0.38
Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Glycemic Control, Insulin Resistance, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2026PMID:42594341Permalink
folic acid — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Finding
“The pooled analysis revealed that serum concentrations of CRP (WMD: -0.59 mg/L, 95% CI -0.85 to -0.33, p < 0.001) were significantly reduced following folic acid supplementation compared to placebo, but did not affect serum concentrations of IL-6 (WMD: -0.12, 95% CI -0.95 to 0.72 pg/mL, p = 0.780) or TNF-α (WMD: -0.18, 95% CI -0.86 to 0.49 pg/mL, p = 0.594).”
Quoted verbatim from Effects of Folic Acid Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers: A Grade-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

Participants in 12 randomized controlled trials of folic acid supplementation versus placebo (pooled)
Effect -0.59 mean difference, 95% CI -0.85 to -0.33
Effects of Folic Acid Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers: A Grade-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2021PMID:34371837Permalink
curcumin — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Findingreplicated ×4
“The overall effect estimates from the meta-analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in CRP in curcumin compared to placebo, SMD = −0.59, 95%CI (−1.11, −0.07), p = 0.03.”
Quoted verbatim from Curcumin Attenuates Hyperglycemia and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Quantitative Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

adults with type 2 diabetes
Effect -0.59 standardised mean difference, 95% CI -1.11 to -0.07
Curcumin Attenuates Hyperglycemia and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Quantitative Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial.2024PMID:39683570Permalink
berberine — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×2
“Pooled analysis showed that serum levels of CRP were decreased after BER supplementation (MD:-0.64 mg/L, 95% CI(-0.67 to -0.61) P < 0.001)) without any significant heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0% and P = 0.984).”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of Berberine on C-reactive protein: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

adults in randomized controlled trials of berberine supplementation
Effect of Berberine on C-reactive protein: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2019PMID:31519292Permalink
resveratrol — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Finding
“This meta-analysis demonstrates that resveratrol consumption is effective in lowering the levels of CRP and hs-CRP in inflammatory conditions, especially if supplementation takes place for ≥10 weeks with ≥500 mg/day.”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of resveratrol on C-reactive protein: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

patients with various inflammatory disorders
Effect of resveratrol on C-reactive protein: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2021PMID:34472150Permalink
berberine — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×2
“Oral berberine significantly decreased lipopolysaccharide, CRP (C-reactive protein), and IL (interleukin)-6 levels.”
Quoted verbatim from Preventive Effect of Berberine on Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation..
Study

RCT
Population

patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting
Preventive Effect of Berberine on Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation.2022PMID:36178742Permalink
melatonin — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×1
“In summary, the current meta-analysis showed the promising effect of melatonin administration on reducing CRP and IL-6, but not TNF-α levels among patients with MetS and related disorders.”
Quoted verbatim from The effects of melatonin supplementation on inflammatory markers among patients with metabolic syndrome or related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

patients with metabolic syndrome or related disorders
The effects of melatonin supplementation on inflammatory markers among patients with metabolic syndrome or related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2018PMID:29907916Permalink
coenzyme Q10 — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×3
“Regarding oxidative stress and inflammation, pooled analysis showed that CoQ10 supplementation significantly reduced malonaldehyde (WMD: - 1.15 95% CI - 1.48 to - 0.81) and high-sensitivity C reactive protein levels (WMD: - 1.18 95% CI - 2.21 to - 0.15).”
Quoted verbatim from A systematic review for the efficacy of coenzyme Q10 in patients with chronic kidney disease..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD); meta-analysis of 12 studies (17 publications)
Effect -1.18 mean difference, 95% CI -2.21 to -0.15
A systematic review for the efficacy of coenzyme Q10 in patients with chronic kidney disease.2022PMID:33782820Permalink
curcumin — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×4
“Quantitative data synthesis revealed a significant effect of curcuminoids vs. placebo in reducing circulating CRP concentrations (weighed mean difference: -2.20 mg/L; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -3.96, -0.44; p = 0.01).”
Quoted verbatim from Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcuminoid-piperine combination in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial and an updated meta-analysis..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of curcuminoids measuring circulating CRP concentration
Effect -2.2 mean difference, 95% CI -3.96 to -0.44
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcuminoid-piperine combination in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial and an updated meta-analysis.2015PMID:25618800Permalink
coenzyme Q10 — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×3
“CoQ10 supplementation significantly reduced the levels of circulating CRP (WMD: -0.35mg/L, 95% CI: -0.64 to -0.05, P=0.022), IL-6 (WMD: -1.61pg/mL, 95% CI: -2.64 to -0.58, P=0.002) and TNF-α (WMD: -0.49pg/mL, 95% CI: -0.93 to -0.06, P=0.027).”
Quoted verbatim from Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on inflammatory markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

patients from randomized controlled trials of CoQ10 supplementation (disease population not specified in abstract)
Effect -0.35 mean difference, 95% CI -0.64 to -0.05
Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on inflammatory markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2017PMID:28179205Permalink
coenzyme Q10 — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×3
“The supplementation of CoQ10 decreased significantly the scores of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (p = .03) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) (p = .01) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level (p = .005) when comparing with the placebo group.”
Quoted verbatim from The effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on metabolic profiles and parameters of mental health in women with polycystic ovary syndrome..
Study

RCT
Duration

3 months
Dose

100 mg/day CoQ10, 12 weeks
Population

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), aged 18-40 years
The effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on metabolic profiles and parameters of mental health in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.2022PMID:34664527Permalink
coenzyme Q10 — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×3
“At the end of study, compared with pldacebo, CoQ10 supplementation resulted in significant decreases in serum levels of TNF-α (p = 0.009), hs-CRP and IL-6 (p = 0.001, p = 0.007, respectively).”
Quoted verbatim from The effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers in overweight/obese polycystic ovary syndrome patients..
Study

RCT
Duration

8 weeks
Dose

200 mg CoQ10 capsules per day, 8 weeks
Population

Overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
The effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers in overweight/obese polycystic ovary syndrome patients.2021PMID:32544011Permalink
calciol — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Finding
“Group 2 revealed a significant reduction in the serum levels of lipid profile measures, hs-CRP, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), STAT-3, NO, hepassocin, and MDA compared to the baseline and group 1 results.”
Quoted verbatim from A randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind study to investigate the effect of a high oral loading dose of cholecalciferol in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients, new insights on serum STAT-3 and hepassocin..
Study

RCT
Population

NAFLD patients with type 2 diabetes on standard conventional therapy in both arms; cholecalciferol added in Group 2 vs placebo added in Group 1
A randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind study to investigate the effect of a high oral loading dose of cholecalciferol in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients, new insights on serum STAT-3 and hepassocin.2023PMID:37667938Permalink
curcumin — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×4
“Curcumin supplementation was associated with lower hs-CRP concentrations (MD = -1.06 mg/L; 95% CI -1.97 to -0.16; p = 0.030; I2 = 17.3%), although sensitivity analyses involving unit-ambiguous or statistically reconstructed data increased uncertainty.”
Quoted verbatim from Effects of Curcumin Supplementation on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

adults with T2DM
Effect -1.06 mean difference, 95% CI -1.97 to -0.16
Effects of Curcumin Supplementation on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2026PMID:42797011Permalink
curcumin — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×4
“Curcuminoids supplementation led to significant decreases in serum A-FABP, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 levels.”
Quoted verbatim from Curcuminoids Target Decreasing Serum Adipocyte-fatty Acid Binding Protein Levels in Their Glucose-lowering Effect in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes..
Study

RCT
Participants

100
Duration

3 months
Population

adults with type 2 diabetes, reassessed from a prior 3-month curcuminoids RCT cohort
Curcuminoids Target Decreasing Serum Adipocyte-fatty Acid Binding Protein Levels in Their Glucose-lowering Effect in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.2014PMID:25374024Permalink
berberine — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×2
“From the baseline to the 8th week, the plasma CRP concentration decreased in the berberine group, while increased in the placebo group (F = 5.373; p = 0.024).”
Quoted verbatim from Improvement of adjunctive berberine treatment on negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia..
Study

RCT
Duration

8 weeks
Dose

berberine 900 mg/day, oral, 8 weeks
Population

patients with schizophrenia, berberine given adjunctive to a single atypical antipsychotic drug
Improvement of adjunctive berberine treatment on negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.2022PMID:35037116Permalink
crocin-1 — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×1
“The data analysis using ANCOVA showed that supplementation with crocin for 8 weeks significantly lowered hs-CRP levels (p-value= 0.01).”
Quoted verbatim from Effects of crocin on inflammatory biomarkers and mental health status in patients with multiple sclerosis: A randomized, double-blinded clinical trial..
Study

RCT
Duration

8 weeks
Dose

15 mg crocin tablet twice daily (30 mg/day)
Population

Patients with multiple sclerosis; crocin 15 mg twice daily (30 mg/day) versus placebo
Effects of crocin on inflammatory biomarkers and mental health status in patients with multiple sclerosis: A randomized, double-blinded clinical trial.2024PMID:38306888Permalink
crocin-1 — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×1
“Our findings indicated that crocin supplementation significantly reduced c-reactive protein (CRP) levels (SMD: -0.50; 95%CI: -0.86 to -0.13; p = 0.008), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (SMD: -1.96; 95%CI: -2.72 to -1.19; p < 0.001), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (SMD: -3.52; 95%CI: -6.84 to -0.20; p = 0.03).”
Quoted verbatim from Crocin Supplementation on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

Adults supplemented with crocin in pooled randomised clinical trials
Effect -0.5 standardised mean difference, 95% CI -0.86 to -0.13
Crocin Supplementation on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.2025PMID:39632602Permalink
ursolic acid — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Finding
“UA treatment also dramatically decreased the plasma levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in the HIRT+UA group versus the HIRT+P group (p<0.05).”
Quoted verbatim from Synergism Effects of Ursolic Acid Supplementation on the Levels of Irisin, C-reactive Protein, IL-6, and TNF-α During High-intensity Resistance Training in Low Activity Men..
Study

RCT
Duration

8 weeks
Dose

1 capsule 3 times/day
Population

Healthy low-activity men; high-intensity resistance training in both arms, UA versus placebo
Synergism Effects of Ursolic Acid Supplementation on the Levels of Irisin, C-reactive Protein, IL-6, and TNF-α During High-intensity Resistance Training in Low Activity Men.2020PMID:31533605Permalink
L-glutamine — decreases
InsufficientEvidence strength: insufficient. Mechanistic inference, no evidence found, or evidence weakened below very limited.Findingreplicated ×1
“All the detected inflammation factors [C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor] showed significantly higher in all the PCOS groups compared to the control group (P < 0.01), and were significantly decreased with the supplementation of 0.5 g/kg glutamine (P < 0.01).”
Quoted verbatim from The effect of glutamine on Dehydroepiandrosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rats..
Study

animal · not in humans
Dose

0.5 g/kg, intraperitoneal, twice on the morning after the last DHEA injection
Population

Female Sprague-Dawley rats, DHEA-induced PCOS model, 0.5 g/kg glutamine dose
The effect of glutamine on Dehydroepiandrosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rats.2020PMID:32386521Permalink

Measured, no effect detected

22 findings

coenzyme Q10 — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull resultreplicated ×1
“The differences in the CRP and ESR levels were not significant between CoQ10 and placebo groups (P = 0.550 and P = 0.306, respectively) (Table 2).”
Quoted verbatim from Coenzyme Q10 supplementation in burn patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial..
Study

RCT
Participants

52
Duration

10 days
Dose

100 mg three times a day after meals, total 300 mg/day
Population

Adults aged 18-65 with 20-60% total body surface area burns admitted to a burn ICU in Isfahan, Iran, all receiving routine burn care and the unit's standard vitamin, selenium, zinc and B-complex supplementation in both arms; primary outcome.
Coenzyme Q10 supplementation in burn patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.2024PMID:38431600Permalink
all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull result
“Changes in hs-CRP and BNDF values are also reported in Table 2; there were no differences between EPA and the placebo (p = 0.747 and p = 0.070, respectively).”
Quoted verbatim from High-dose eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) improves attention and vigilance in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and low endogenous EPA levels..
Study

RCT
Participants

80
Duration

3 months
Dose

1.2 g/day EPA; the form of the EPA is not stated
Population

Children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years with a DSM-5 diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, either drug naive or unmedicated for the previous six months, recruited at one hospital in Taiwan
High-dose eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) improves attention and vigilance in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and low endogenous EPA levels.2019PMID:31745072An author is affiliated with a producerPermalink
creatine — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull result
“Pooled analysis showed no significant acute effects of creatine on CRP (SMD = 0.32; 95% CI: -0.29 to 0.94; p = 0.30; I² = 28%).”
Quoted verbatim from Impact of creatine supplementation on inflammation: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized double-blind placebo trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

healthy individuals, athletes and clinical populations
Impact of creatine supplementation on inflammation: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized double-blind placebo trials.2026PMID:41798953Permalink
resveratrol — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull result
“The pooled effect estimate revealed no effect of resveratrol on the CRP (MD = 0.00; 95% CI [-1.31, 1.31], P = 1.00).”
Quoted verbatim from Efficacy of resveratrol in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Participants

148
Dose

800, 1000 or 1500 mg/day oral resveratrol
Population

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome; 3 pooled RCTs, resveratrol vs placebo
Effect 0 mean difference, 95% CI -1.31 to 1.31
Efficacy of resveratrol in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.2023PMID:37333786Permalink
Bifidobacterium animalis — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull result
“In this study, hs-CRP levels slightly decreased in the probiotic group (2.94 ± 3.74 to 2.89 ± 3.09 mg/L; Δ = −0.053) and increased in the placebo group (2.94 ± 3.29 to 3.20 ± 3.45 mg/L; Δ = +0.271), with no significant intergroup difference (p = 0.213).”
Quoted verbatim from Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis TISTR 2591 Improves Glycemic Control and Immune Response in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Clinical Trial..
Study

crossover
Duration

6 weeks
Dose

three 350 mg capsules daily (1050 mg), guaranteed minimum 1 x 10^9 CFU/g
Population

Thai adults aged 35 to 65 with type 2 diabetes mellitus on metformin monotherapy in both phases; 6-week probiotic and placebo phases with 4-week washout
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis TISTR 2591 Improves Glycemic Control and Immune Response in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Clinical Trial.2025PMID:41097174Permalink
vitamin D2 — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull result
“Among the secondary outcomes, there were no differences comparing D2 with placebo or D3 with placebo for anthropometric measures, blood pressure, hsCRP, CVD risk, assessed by UKPDS risk engine, hepatic markers, or fructosamine.”
Quoted verbatim from Effects of vitamin D2 or D3 supplementation on glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk among people at risk of type 2 diabetes: results of a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial..
Study

RCT
Duration

4 months
Dose

100,000 IU ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) orally once monthly for 4 months
Population

Adults aged 30-75 at elevated risk of type 2 diabetes (non-diabetic hyperglycaemia or positive diabetes risk score), UK; vitamin D2 arm versus placebo arm
Effects of vitamin D2 or D3 supplementation on glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk among people at risk of type 2 diabetes: results of a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.2016PMID:26700109Industry fundedPermalink

Show the remaining 16

pravastatin — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull result
“Pravastatin use did not result in a significant change in CRP, LDL particle size, fasting triglycerides, Il-6, or TNF-α (Table 2).”
Quoted verbatim from A randomized placebo-controlled pilot study of pravastatin as an adjunctive therapy in schizophrenia patients: effect on inflammation, psychopathology, cognition and lipid metabolism..
Study

RCT
Duration

3 months
Dose

40 mg/day
Population

Outpatients aged 18 to 68 with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder on stable antipsychotic treatment; change from baseline to week 12 in the whole randomised sample
A randomized placebo-controlled pilot study of pravastatin as an adjunctive therapy in schizophrenia patients: effect on inflammation, psychopathology, cognition and lipid metabolism.2014PMID:25261882Permalink
empagliflozin — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull resultreplicated ×1
“Significant effects of empagliflozin were not noted for the following outcomes: hs-CRP (SMD = −0.29, 95% CI = −0.85 to 0.26, p = 0.30), WBC count (SMD = −0.46, 95% CI = −1.58 to 0.66, p = 0.42), IL-6 (SMD = 0.43, 95% CI = −0.12 to 0.97, p = 0.12), ketone bodies (SMD = 2.95, 95% CI = −1.82 to 7.72, p = 0.23), HbA1c (SMD = −0.05, 95% CI = −0.38 to 0.29, p = 0.79), eGFR (SMD = 0.18, 95% CI = −0.16 to 0.51, p = 0.30), NT-proBNP (SMD = −0.19, 95% CI = −0.59 to 0.21, p = 0.35), E/e’ ratio (SMD = −0.55, 95% CI = −1.54 to 0.44, p = 0.28), TAPSE (SMD = 0.09, 95% CI = −0.12 to 0.30, p = 0.38), and DBP (SMD = −0.27, 95% CI = −0.60 to 0.07, p = 0.12).”
Quoted verbatim from Efficacy and safety of empagliflozin for the acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Dose

10 mg daily in eight included trials, 25 mg daily in one
Population

Patients with acute myocardial infarction; pooled RCTs, empagliflozin versus placebo; secondary outcome
Effect -0.29 standardised mean difference, 95% CI -0.85 to 0.26
Efficacy and safety of empagliflozin for the acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2025PMID:40489293Permalink
empagliflozin — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull resultreplicated ×1
“Empagliflozin did not affect IL-6 (ETR: 1.03, 95% CI 0.82-1.30, p = 0.78) or hsCRP (ETR: 1.15, 95% CI 0.87-1.51, p = 0.33) compared to placebo.”
Quoted verbatim from The effect of empagliflozin on inflammation in patients with overweight or obesity and risk of heart failure: a substudy from the Empire Prevent Metabolic trial..
Study

RCT
Duration

6 months
Dose

10 mg
Population

Outpatients without diabetes with BMI above 28 kg/m2 and risk factors for heart failure, empagliflozin 10 mg versus placebo
The effect of empagliflozin on inflammation in patients with overweight or obesity and risk of heart failure: a substudy from the Empire Prevent Metabolic trial.2026PMID:42286641Permalink
berberine — no detected effect on
LimitedEvidence strength: limited. Human evidence with several recorded weaknesses, or a design that tops out at limited.FindingNull result
“The effect of BBR supplementation on CRP was non-significant (WMD = 0.05; 95%CI, −0.59 to 0.68; P = 0.887).”
Quoted verbatim from The effects of berberine supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

Adults in randomised controlled trials of berberine (type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver disease, PCOS and other populations)
Effect 0.05 mean difference, 95% CI -0.59 to 0.68
The effects of berberine supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.2022PMID:36313096Permalink
melatonin — no detected effect on
LimitedEvidence strength: limited. Human evidence with several recorded weaknesses, or a design that tops out at limited.FindingNull result
“However, the summary effect of melatonin on CRP was not significant (−0.18; −0.91, 0.55; p=0.62).”
Quoted verbatim from Anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

Adults in placebo-controlled clinical trials of exogenous melatonin, mixed clinical populations
Anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.2021PMID:33581247Permalink
titanium dioxide — no detected effect on
LimitedEvidence strength: limited. Human evidence with several recorded weaknesses, or a design that tops out at limited.FindingNull result
“Following 2 weeks of dietary E171 exposure, no statistically significant difference in hs‐CRP levels (p‐value: 0.0755) was detected, although a trend toward an increase was observed (Figure.”
Quoted verbatim from Dietary Titanium Dioxide (E171) Alters the Colon Transcriptome-Evidence From a Human Dietary Intervention Study..
Study

crossover
Duration

14 days
Dose

2 mg/kg body weight/day of E171 for 2 weeks
Population

31 healthy adults
Dietary Titanium Dioxide (E171) Alters the Colon Transcriptome-Evidence From a Human Dietary Intervention Study.2026PMID:42613907Permalink
curcumin — no detected effect on
LimitedEvidence strength: limited. Human evidence with several recorded weaknesses, or a design that tops out at limited.FindingNull resultreplicated ×2
“No statistically significant reduction in C-reactive protein was observed (SMD: -0.78; 95% CI: -1.58 to 0.05).”
Quoted verbatim from Evaluating the Effects of Nanocurcumin Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Participants

303
Population

adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
Evaluating the Effects of Nanocurcumin Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2026PMID:42171191Permalink
(R)-carnitine — no detected effect on
LimitedEvidence strength: limited. Human evidence with several recorded weaknesses, or a design that tops out at limited.FindingNull result
“There was no significant difference between LCG and PLG, in the mean changes of hip circumference, visceral fat, free fat mass, fat mass, lipid profiles, CRP, MDA as well as stiffness, physical function, decrease of pain and total scores (P > 0.05).”
Quoted verbatim from The effect of L-Carnitine supplementation on clinical symptoms, C-reactive protein and malondialdehyde in obese women with knee osteoarthritis: a double blind randomized controlled trial..
Study

RCT
Duration

3 months
Dose

1000 mg L-carnitine for 12 weeks, both arms on a low-calorie diet
Population

Obese women with knee osteoarthritis, all on a low-calorie diet
The effect of L-Carnitine supplementation on clinical symptoms, C-reactive protein and malondialdehyde in obese women with knee osteoarthritis: a double blind randomized controlled trial.2021PMID:33596883Permalink
coenzyme Q10 — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull resultreplicated ×1
“Triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, fasting glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations did not affect following CoQ10 supplementation.”
Quoted verbatim from The Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Metabolic Profiles of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD)
The Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Metabolic Profiles of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2018PMID:30417782Permalink
L-arginine — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull resultreplicated ×1
“Results indicated that L-arginine supplementation had no significant effect on inflammatory biomarkers including CRP, IL-6 and TNFα.”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of l-arginine supplementation on C-reactive protein and other inflammatory biomarkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

participants in randomised controlled trials of L-arginine supplementation
Effect of l-arginine supplementation on C-reactive protein and other inflammatory biomarkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2019PMID:31780028Permalink
L-arginine — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull resultreplicated ×1
“According to the results of the present systematic review and meta-analysis, L-Arginine does not significantly affect CRP and TNFα indices.”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of L-Arginine supplementation on lipid profiles and inflammatory markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

humans
Effect of L-Arginine supplementation on lipid profiles and inflammatory markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2019PMID:31442577Permalink
magnesium(2+) — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull result
“Magnesium treatment was not found to significantly affect plasma concentrations of CRP (WMD: -0.11 mg/L, 95% CI: -0.75, 0.52, p=0.727).”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Plasma C-reactive Protein Concentrations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Dose

oral magnesium supplementation
Population

adults in randomized controlled trials of oral magnesium supplementation
Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Plasma C-reactive Protein Concentrations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2017PMID:28545353Permalink
astaxanthin — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull result
“The effects of astaxanthin on blood C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were not significant.”
Quoted verbatim from Astaxanthin supplementation mildly reduced oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

adults, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients; meta-analysis pooling 12 RCTs
Astaxanthin supplementation mildly reduced oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2022PMID:35091276Permalink
curcumin — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull resultreplicated ×2
“There was no significant change in HbA1C, plasma insulin, QUICKI, HDL, SBP, DBP, CRP, TNF-α and WC after curcumin therapy.”
Quoted verbatim from Curcumin effects on glycaemic indices, lipid profile, blood pressure, inflammatory markers and anthropometric measurements of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials..
Study

meta-analysis
Population

adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Curcumin effects on glycaemic indices, lipid profile, blood pressure, inflammatory markers and anthropometric measurements of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.2024PMID:38232906Permalink
curcumin — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull resultreplicated ×2
“However, curcuminoids were not found to affect serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (p > 0.05).”
Quoted verbatim from Effects of supplementation with curcuminoids on dyslipidemia in obese patients: a randomized crossover trial..
Study

crossover
Duration

4 weeks
Dose

1 g/day for 30 days
Population

obese individuals
Effects of supplementation with curcuminoids on dyslipidemia in obese patients: a randomized crossover trial.2013PMID:22610853Permalink
lipoic acid — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull result
“ALA significantly improved TAC levels but had no effect on CRP.”
Quoted verbatim from Alpha-lipoic acid as a preventive measure in radiation-induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients: A randomized controlled study..
Study

RCT
Dose

600 mg twice daily
Population

Head and neck cancer patients receiving definitive radiotherapy, randomised to oral ALA or placebo tablets throughout the radiotherapy period
Alpha-lipoic acid as a preventive measure in radiation-induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients: A randomized controlled study.2026PMID:41804854Permalink

How it is measured

Serum or plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), including high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP), by clinical immunoassay. Assay and sensitivity recorded with each finding.

Measured, not recorded

Subject: c-reactive protein concentration
Measurements: 2 measurements
Recorded as a finding: No

Show what was measured

C-reactive protein concentration
decreases, decreased (p = 0.01), p = 0.01
Not recorded as a finding: agentless sentence does not name cholecalciferol as the agent, and the study has no control arm -- a within-arm change only
Serum albumin increased (p < 0.001), and C-reactive protein decreased (p = 0.01).
PMID:35262225 · one of two readings recorded this
C-reactive protein concentration
increases, p = 0.003
The pooled WMD analysis of CRP demonstrated that vitamin A supplementation significantly increased CRP concentration with (WMD: 0.84 mg/L; 95% CI 0.29-1.39, I2 = 0.96.2% and p value < 0.003)
PMID:36496428 · one of two readings recorded this

Sources cited

52 papers

Subject: c-reactive protein concentration
Findings: 52
Papers: 52