titanium dioxide

early decrease in RFA values, FTB vs TB

decreases

FTB implants did not exhibit the early decreases in RFA values seen in TB implants

PMID:19885409 · one of two readings recorded this

implant stability (RFA value) fluctuation

modulates

TB implants showed fluctuations in RFA values during the first 6 weeks, whereas the RFA values of FTB implants remained stable throughout the study period

PMID:19885409 · one of two readings recorded this

implant stability (RFA value) stability

no effect

TB implants showed fluctuations in RFA values during the first 6 weeks, whereas the RFA values of FTB implants remained stable throughout the study period

PMID:19885409 · one of two readings recorded this

antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans

decreases

GI-containing TiO(2) nanoparticles possessed a potent antibacterial effect

PMID:21651955 · one of two readings recorded this

fracture toughness, compressive and flexural strength, microhardness, setting time and S. mutans direct-contact antibacterial activity of TiO2-nanoparticle-modified glass-ionomer cement

increases

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

GI-containing 3% and 5% (w/w) TiO(2) nanoparticles improved the fracture toughness, flexural strength and compressive strength compared to the unmodified GI.

PMID:21651955 · one of two readings recorded this

fracture toughness, flexural strength and compressive strength

increases

GI-containing 3% and 5% (w/w) TiO(2) nanoparticles improved the fracture toughness, flexural strength and compressive strength compared to the unmodified GI

PMID:21651955 · one of two readings recorded this

mechanical properties

decreases

However, a decrease in the mechanical properties was found for GI-containing 7% (w/w) TiO(2) nanoparticles

PMID:21651955 · one of two readings recorded this

microtensile bond strength to dentine and fluoride release

no effect

The addition of TiO(2) nanoparticles to the conventional GI did not compromise its bond strength with dentine or fluoride release of the GI

PMID:21651955 · one of two readings recorded this

setting time

decreases

Setting time of GI-containing TiO(2) nanoparticles decreased but the values remained within ISO limits

PMID:21651955 · one of two readings recorded this

surface microhardness

decreases

GI-containing 5% and 7% (w/w) TiO(2) nanoparticles compromised the surface microhardness

PMID:21651955 · one of two readings recorded this

all cancer mortality, summary SMR

no effect, n = 24312

SSMRs for lung cancer, all causes, all cancer, and non-malignant respiratory disease were 1.10 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91 to 1.32), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81 to 0.89), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.82 to 1.03), and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.71 to 1.02)

PMID:29538276 · one of two readings recorded this

all-cause mortality, summary SMR

decreases, n = 24312

SSMRs for lung cancer, all causes, all cancer, and non-malignant respiratory disease were 1.10 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91 to 1.32), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81 to 0.89), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.82 to 1.03), and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.71 to 1.02)

PMID:29538276 · one of two readings recorded this

lung cancer mortality, cumulative exposure-response

no effect

the summary hazard ratio for a 1 mg/m year increase in cumulative exposure was 0.999 (0.997 to 1.002)

PMID:29538276 · one of two readings recorded this

lung cancer mortality, summary SMR

no effect, n = 24312

SSMRs for lung cancer, all causes, all cancer, and non-malignant respiratory disease were 1.10 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91 to 1.32), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81 to 0.89), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.82 to 1.03), and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.71 to 1.02)

PMID:29538276 · one of two readings recorded this

lung cancer mortality, summary standardized mortality ratio (SSMR) in occupationally exposed TiO2 production workers vs general-population rates

SSMR lung cancer 1.10 (95% CI 0.91 to 1.32)

Not recorded as a finding: a node exists but the paper states a different instrument or population

SSMRs for lung cancer, all causes, all cancer, and non-malignant respiratory disease were 1.10 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91 to 1.32), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81 to 0.89), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.82 to 1.03), and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.71 to 1.02), respectively.

PMID:29538276 · one of two readings recorded this

non-malignant respiratory disease mortality, summary SMR

no effect, n = 24312

SSMRs for lung cancer, all causes, all cancer, and non-malignant respiratory disease were 1.10 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91 to 1.32), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81 to 0.89), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.82 to 1.03), and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.71 to 1.02)

PMID:29538276 · one of two readings recorded this

cytotoxicity of coated vs uncoated TiO2 NMs

increases

surface coating P25-TiO2 NMs and anatase P25-TiO2 NMs with silica and vanadium pentoxide resulted in increased pulmonary inflammation and a cytotoxicity of up to 400%, respectively, when compared to the same uncoated NMs

PMID:35409922 · one of two readings recorded this

global warming potential and cumulative energy demand

decreases

Due to the improved efficiency of the photo-reactor, environmental benefits are achieved for GWP and CED

PMID:35409922 · one of two readings recorded this

HTP and FEP, nanoforms vs bulk materials

increases

Interestingly, HTP and FEP are several orders of magnitude larger for NMs than the same impact potentials for bulk materials

PMID:35409922 · one of two readings recorded this

human toxicity potential and freshwater ecotoxicity potential

increases

Although there was a decrease in environmental sustainability impact (GWP and CED), the alternative had a relatively higher level of human and ecotoxicity (HTP and FEP)

PMID:35409922 · one of two readings recorded this

in vitro doses relative to realistic human exposure (Swiss Occupational Exposure Limit benchmark)

First, we confirmed that most in vitro doses are much higher than realistic human exposures, considering the Swiss Occupational Exposure Limit as benchmark

PMID:35559882 · one of two readings recorded this

Support Vector Machine accuracy predicting BMD-derived human exposure range for in vitro viability effects

with an accuracy of 85%

PMID:35559882 · one of two readings recorded this

surface-area benchmark dose (BMD) precision, in vitro versus in vivo

despite both types of data had a quite wide range, animal data were overall more precise

PMID:35559882 · one of two readings recorded this

surface-area BMD, human co-cultures versus rodent cells

increases

while the surface area BMDs from studies on rodents and rodent cells were comparable, human co-cultures showed less susceptibility and had higher BMDs regardless of the titanium dioxide type

PMID:35559882 · one of two readings recorded this

mean area stenosis across 1-mm cross-sections

n = 1

In cross-sectional OCT images analyzed at 1-mm longitudinal intervals, the mean area stenosis was estimated to be 28.29%

PMID:35866823 · one of two readings recorded this

minimum lumen area

n = 1

OCT shows thin stent strut coverage with an MLA of 5.43 mm2 and an AS of 30.7%

PMID:35866823 · one of two readings recorded this

minimum lumen area

n = 1

which demonstrated a minimum lumen area of 1.05 mm2 with a plaque burden of 86%

PMID:35866823 · one of two readings recorded this

minimum stent area

n = 1

which demonstrated a well-expanded and apposed stent strut, with a minimum stent area of 6.24 mm2

PMID:35866823 · one of two readings recorded this

percentage area stenosis at minimum lumen area segment

n = 1

OCT shows thin stent strut coverage with an MLA of 5.43 mm2 and an AS of 30.7%

PMID:35866823 · one of two readings recorded this

plaque burden

n = 1

which demonstrated a minimum lumen area of 1.05 mm2 with a plaque burden of 86%

PMID:35866823 · one of two readings recorded this

acute myocardial infarction mortality, cumulative exposure, internal analysis

no effect, n = 432

Random-effects hazard ratios for AMI in an internal analysis indicated a relative risk of 1.10 (95% CI: 0.92–1.31) for cumulative exposure based on 432 deaths among the three cohorts

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

acute myocardial infarction mortality, cumulative exposure, internal analysis

no effect, n = 138

An internal analysis of an inception cohort that included 138 observed cases showed a relative risk of acute myocardial infarction based on a cumulative of 1.05 (95% CI: 0.97–1.13)

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

acute myocardial infarction mortality, meta-analysis (random effects)

no effect

Acute myocardial infarction | 1.08 | 0.74–1.59

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

all heart disease mortality, high vs low cumulative exposure

no effect, n = 44

High | 44 | 0.8 | 0.5–1.4

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

all heart disease mortality, medium vs low cumulative exposure

no effect, n = 57

Medium | 57 | 1.1 | 0.7–1.8

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

all heart disease mortality, trend with cumulative exposure

no effect, p = 0.1

No significant association was observed with increasing cumulative exposure (p-value of 0.10; refer to Table 7)

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

all heart disease mortality vs US disease rates

no effect

in comparison to US disease rates, the SMR was 0.9 (95% CI: 0.7–1.0)

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

all heart diseases mortality, DuPont reference rates

no effect, n = 102

All heart diseases | 102 | 1.15 | 0.98–1.40 | DuPont

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

all heart diseases mortality, DuPont reference rates

no effect, n = 305

305 | 1.04 | 0.93–1.16 | DuPont

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

all heart diseases mortality, US reference rates

decreases, n = 519

All heart diseases | 519 | 0.82 | 0.75–0.89 | US

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

all heart diseases mortality, US reference rates

no effect, n = 107

All heart diseases | 107 | 0.93 | 0.80–1.09 | US

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

all heart diseases mortality, US reference rates

no effect, n = 306

All heart diseases | 306 | 0.92 | 0.82–1.03 | US

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

circulatory system disease mortality (ICD 8: 390-458)

no effect, n = 157

In this analysis, the SMR of diseases of the circulatory system (ICD 8: 390–458) was 1.0 based on 157 deaths (95% CI: 0.85–1.17)

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality by cumulative exposure, 15-35 mg/m-2 years vs <5

increases

15–35 | 1.61 | 1.13–2.31 | 1.65 | 1.16–2.34

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality by cumulative exposure, 15-35 mg/m-2 years vs <5

increases

15–35 | 1.61 | 1.13–2.31 | 1.65 | 1.16–2.34

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality by cumulative exposure, 35-80 mg/m-2 years vs <5

no effect

35–80 | 1.32 | 0.90–1.94 | 1.36 | 0.92–2.00

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality by cumulative exposure, 35-80 mg/m-2 years vs <5

no effect

35–80 | 1.32 | 0.90–1.94 | 1.36 | 0.92–2.00

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality by cumulative exposure, 5-15 mg/m-2 years vs <5

no effect

5–15 | 1.30 | 0.89–1.89 | 1.47 | 1.02–2.11

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality by cumulative exposure, 5-15 mg/m-2 years vs <5

increases

5–15 | 1.30 | 0.89–1.89 | 1.47 | 1.02–2.11

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality by cumulative exposure, 80+ mg/m-2 years vs <5

no effect

80+ | 1.27 | 0.84–1.90 | 1.51 | 1.00–2.25

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality by cumulative exposure, 80+ mg/m-2 years vs <5

no effect

80+ | 1.27 | 0.84–1.90 | 1.51 | 1.00–2.25

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality (ICD-9 410-429), full cohort

decreases

Diseases of the heart ICD-9 410-429 | 616 | 790 | 0.78 | 0.72-0.84 | 332 | 394 | 0.84 | 0.75-0.94

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality (ICD-9 410-429), German national reference

increases

Diseases of the heart ICD−9: 410–429 | 103 | 1.29 | 1.05–1.57 | 60 | 1.39 | 1.06–1.79

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality (ICD-9 410-429), German national reference

increases

Diseases of the heart ICD−9: 410–429 | 103 | 1.29 | 1.05–1.57 | 60 | 1.39 | 1.06–1.79

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality (ICD-9 410-429), inception cohort

decreases

Diseases of the heart ICD-9 410-429 | 616 | 790 | 0.78 | 0.72-0.84 | 332 | 394 | 0.84 | 0.75-0.94

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality (ICD-9 410-429), state reference

no effect

Diseases of the heart ICD−9: 410–429 | 103 | 1.17 | 0.96–1.42 | 60 | 1.28 | 0.98–1.65

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality (ICD-9 410-429), state reference

no effect

Diseases of the heart ICD−9: 410–429 | 103 | 1.17 | 0.96–1.42 | 60 | 1.28 | 0.98–1.65

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality in heavy smokers (more than 24 cigarettes per day)

increases

Workers who smoked more than 24 cigarettes per day had the highest relative risk of heart disease (7.50; 95% CI: 1.53–36.68)

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

heart disease mortality, meta-analysis (random effects)

no effect

Heart disease | 1.01 | 0.79–1.29

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

ischemic heart disease mortality (ICD 410-414), men

decreases, n = 629

ICD:410–414 | Men | 629 | 0.88 | 0.81–0.95 | national

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

ischemic heart disease mortality (ICD 410-414), women

no effect, n = 5

women | 5 | 0.63 | 0.20–1.41 | national

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

ischemic heart disease mortality (ICD-9 410-414), full cohort

decreases

Ischemic Heart Disease ICD-9 410-414 | 272 | 309 | 0.82 | 0.75-0.90 | 272 | 309 | 0.88 | 0.78-0.99

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

ischemic heart disease mortality (ICD-9 410-414), German national reference

increases

Ischemic Heart Disease ICD−9: 410–414 | 75 | 1.30 | 1.02–1.63 | 43 | 1.36 | 0.98–1.83

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

ischemic heart disease mortality (ICD-9 410-414), German national reference

no effect

Ischemic Heart Disease ICD−9: 410–414 | 75 | 1.30 | 1.02–1.63 | 43 | 1.36 | 0.98–1.83

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

ischemic heart disease mortality (ICD-9 410-414), inception cohort

decreases

Ischemic Heart Disease ICD-9 410-414 | 272 | 309 | 0.82 | 0.75-0.90 | 272 | 309 | 0.88 | 0.78-0.99

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

ischemic heart disease mortality (ICD-9 410-414), state reference

no effect

Ischemic Heart Disease ICD−9: 410–414 | 75 | 1.19 | 0.94–1.49 | 43 | 1.27 | 0.92–1.71

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

ischemic heart disease mortality (ICD-9 410-414), state reference

no effect

Ischemic Heart Disease ICD−9: 410–414 | 75 | 1.19 | 0.94–1.49 | 43 | 1.27 | 0.92–1.71

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

ischemic heart disease mortality, meta-analysis (random effects)

no effect

Ischemic heart disease | 1.02 | 0.80–1.30

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

ischemic heart diseases mortality, DuPont reference rates

no effect, n = 73

Ischemic heart diseases | 73 | 1.09 | 0.90–1.35 | DuPont

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

ischemic heart diseases mortality, US reference rates

no effect, n = 76

Ischemic heart diseases | 76 | 0.93 | 0.78–1.13 | US

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

other heart disease mortality (ICD-9 415-429), German national reference

no effect

Other Heart Disease ICD−9 415–429 | 28 | 1.28 | 0.85–1.85 | 17 | 1.47 | 0.86–2.35

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

other heart disease mortality (ICD-9 415-429), German national reference

no effect

Other Heart Disease ICD−9 415–429 | 28 | 1.28 | 0.85–1.85 | 17 | 1.47 | 0.86–2.35

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

other heart disease mortality (ICD-9 415-429), state reference

no effect

Other Heart Disease ICD−9 415–429 | 28 | 1.13 | 0.75–1.63 | 17 | 1.31 | 0.76–2.10

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

other heart disease mortality (ICD-9 415-429), state reference

no effect

Other Heart Disease ICD−9 415–429 | 28 | 1.13 | 0.75–1.63 | 17 | 1.31 | 0.76–2.10

PMID:35968459 · one of two readings recorded this

blood alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

increases

According to the findings, TiO2 NPs exposure can cause an elevation in AST and ALT levels in the blood

PMID:37344693 · one of two readings recorded this

blood aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

increases

According to the findings, TiO2 NPs exposure can cause an elevation in AST and ALT levels in the blood

PMID:37344693 · one of two readings recorded this

blood AST and ALT levels after TiO2 nanoparticle exposure, meta-analysis (species and route not stated in abstract)

increases

Not recorded as a finding: no estimate is reported anywhere

According to the findings, TiO2 NPs exposure can cause an elevation in AST and ALT levels in the blood.

PMID:37344693 · one of two readings recorded this

blood AST and ALT levels after TiO2 NP exposure, meta-analysis within a narrative review

increases

Not recorded as a finding: no estimate is reported anywhere

According to the findings, TiO2 NPs exposure can cause an elevation in AST and ALT levels in the blood.

PMID:37344693 · one of two readings recorded this

age

no effect, p = 0.452, n = 20

Age (years) | Mean ± SD 11 ± 1.16 | Mean ± SD 10.6 ± 1.17 | t value 0.768 | P value 0.452

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

bacterial colony count, 4 months vs 1 month pairwise

decreases, p = 0.002

Pairwise comparisons revealed a statistically significantly lower sample after 4 and 6 months vs. 1 month in the test group (p values are 0.002 and 0.011, respectively)

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

bacterial colony count, 6 months vs 1 month pairwise

decreases, p = 0.011

Pairwise comparisons revealed a statistically significantly lower sample after 4 and 6 months vs. 1 month in the test group (p values are 0.002 and 0.011, respectively)

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

bacterial colony count, 6 months vs baseline pairwise

increases, p = 0.037

a statistically significantly higher sample after 6 months vs. baseline in the control group (p = 0.037)

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

bacterial colony count over time (Friedman test)

increases, p = 0.004

At baseline | 100,000 (100,000–100,000) | 23.234 | < 0.001 | 10,000 (1000–10,000) | 15.465 | 0.004

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

bacterial colony count over time (Friedman test)

decreases, p = 0.001

At baseline | 100,000 (100,000–100,000) | 23.234 | < 0.001 | 10,000 (1000–10,000) | 15.465 | 0.004

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

bacterial colony count, test vs control

no effect, p = 0.684

After 1-month | 100,000 (1,000,000 − 100,000) | 100,000 (77,500–100,000) | 0.000 | -0.669 | 0.684

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

bacterial colony count, test vs control

no effect, p = 0.436

After 2-months | 10,000 (7750-100000) | 10,000 (10,000–100,000) | 0.000 | 0.935 | 0.436

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

bacterial colony count, test vs control

decreases, p = 0.005

After 4-months | 5500 (775-10000) | 100,000 (10,000–100,000) | -90,000 | 2.865 | 0.005

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

bacterial colony count, test vs control

decreases, p = 0.002

After 6-months | 10,000 (1000–10,000) | 100,000 (77,500–100,000) | -90,000 | 3.170 | 0.002

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

bacterial colony count, test vs control

increases, p = 0.043

At baseline | 100,000 (100,000–100,000) | 10,000 (1000–10,000) | 90,000 | -2.195 | 0.043

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

change in bacterial colony count from baseline, test vs control

decreases, p = 0.001

Baseline minus four months | 90,000 6750 to 92,250 | -49,500 -90,000 to 0 | 99,000 | -3.608 | < 0.001

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

change in bacterial colony count from baseline, test vs control

no effect, p = 0.143

Baseline minus one-month | 0 -90,000 to 0 | -90,000 -92,250 to 0 | 9900 | -1.656 | 0.143

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

change in bacterial colony count from baseline, test vs control

decreases, p = 0.001

Baseline minus six months | 90,000 0 to 99,000 | -90,000 -92,250 to -675 | 99,900 | -3.453 | < 0.001

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

change in bacterial colony count from baseline, test vs control

no effect, p = 0.052

Baseline minus two months | 49,500 -22,500 to 90,000 | -9000 -90,000 to 0 | 90,000 | -1.966 | 0.052

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

Streptococcus mutans colony count (CFU/ml) from palatal gingival swabs cultured on blood agar, 1% TiO2 nanoparticle acrylic baseplate versus identical baseplate without TiO2

decreases, fewer colonies in the test group than control at 4 and 6 months; higher in test group at baseline

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

At baseline, there were statistically significantly higher samples (p = 0.043), after 4 months, there were significantly fewer samples (p = 0.005), and after 6 months, there were significantly fewer samples (p = 0.002) in the test group vs. the control group (Table 4).

PMID:38178135 · one of two readings recorded this

lifelong weighted average oral TiO2 exposure

a lifelong weighted average TiO2 exposure of 1.43 mg/kgbw/day

PMID:39980420 · one of two readings recorded this

TiO2 exposure, adolescents versus adults

increases

adolescents (10-17 years) exposures approach adult levels (SMD = 0.49)

PMID:39980420 · one of two readings recorded this

TiO2 exposure, ages 3-9 versus 18-64 years

increases

2.15 (ages 3-9 vs. 18-64 years)

PMID:39980420 · one of two readings recorded this

TiO2 exposure, children versus adults, general comparison

increases

Standardized Mean Differences (SMD) of 1.05 (general comparison)

PMID:39980420 · one of two readings recorded this

color difference (ΔE00)

increases, p = 0.04

significantly greater ΔE00 values (P=0.04; MD=0.50; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.98)

PMID:40090402 · one of two readings recorded this

tooth bleaching colour difference (ΔE00) and whiteness index for dentistry (WID), HP gel with TiO2 versus HP gel alone

increases, ΔE00 MD=0.50 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.98); ΔWID MD=2.28 (95% CI 0.75 to 3.80)

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The meta-analysis demonstrated that incorporating TiO2 into HP gels resulted in significantly greater ΔE00 values (P=0.04; MD=0.50; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.98) and ΔWID values (P=0.003; MD=2.28; 95% CI: 0.75 to 3.80) than did using HP gels alone, with the ΔWID exceeding the perceptible threshold.

PMID:40090402 · one of two readings recorded this

tooth colour difference (ΔE00) and whiteness index for dentistry (ΔWID) after hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel with versus without incorporated TiO2

increases, ΔE00 MD=0.50 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.98); ΔWID MD=2.28 (95% CI 0.75 to 3.80), p = 0.04

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The meta-analysis demonstrated that incorporating TiO2 into HP gels resulted in significantly greater ΔE00 values (P=0.04; MD=0.50; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.98) and ΔWID values (P=0.003; MD=2.28; 95% CI: 0.75 to 3.80) than did using HP gels alone, with the ΔWID exceeding the perceptible threshold.

PMID:40090402 · one of two readings recorded this

whiteness index for dentistry (ΔWID)

increases, p = 0.003

ΔWID values (P=0.003; MD=2.28; 95% CI: 0.75 to 3.80)

PMID:40090402 · one of two readings recorded this

Bonferroni-corrected significance level, 13 main cancer localizations

no effect, p = 0.004

The corrected significance level was indeed 0.004 when considering the 13 main cancer localizations, and 0.003 when also considering cancer sub-localizations

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

breast cancer risk

increases

Only breast (RR per 1000 tablet increment: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.99–1.04; per 10,000 mg: 1.03, 95% CI:1.00-1.07)

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

breast cancer risk

no effect

Only breast (RR per 1000 tablet increment: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.99–1.04; per 10,000 mg: 1.03, 95% CI:1.00-1.07)

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

cumulative number of TiO2-containing tablets, cases vs controls (dose study)

Cumulative number of tablets containing TiO2, mean (SD) | 1090 (1553) | 1066 (1528) | 917 (1481) | 891 (1452)

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

cumulative number of TiO2-containing tablets, cases vs controls (tablet-count study)

Cumulative number of tablets containing TiO2, mean (SD) | 1090 (1553) | 1066 (1528) | 917 (1481) | 891 (1452)

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

cumulative TiO2 amount, cases vs controls (dose study)

Cumulative amount of TiO2, mean (SD), milligramsb | 4365 (9946) | 4275 (9800) | 4365 (9946) | 4270 (9783)

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

cumulative TiO2 amount, cases vs controls (tablet-count study)

Cumulative amount of TiO2, mean (SD), milligramsb | 4365 (9946) | 4275 (9800) | 4365 (9946) | 4270 (9783)

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

eye, brain and other CNS cancer risk, non-linearity

increases, p = 0.03

There was a non-linear association between increasing cumulative number of TiO2-containing tablets and eye, brain and other parts of the central nervous system cancer risk (plinearity = 0.03)

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissue cancer risk

no effect

lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissue (RR per 1000 tablet increment: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-1.00; per 10,000 mg: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.96–1.02) cancers

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissue cancer risk

decreases

lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissue (RR per 1000 tablet increment: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-1.00; per 10,000 mg: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.96–1.02) cancers

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

ovarian cancer risk

increases

except for ovarian cancer for which there was some suggestion of linearly increased risk with increasing exposure amount (RR per 1000 tablet increment: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.97–1.14; per 10,000 mg: 1.10, 95% CI:1.00-1.22)

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

ovarian cancer risk

no effect

except for ovarian cancer for which there was some suggestion of linearly increased risk with increasing exposure amount (RR per 1000 tablet increment: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.97–1.14; per 10,000 mg: 1.10, 95% CI:1.00-1.22)

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

overall cancer incidence (ICD-10 C and D0 codes) per 1000 TiO2-containing tablets and per 10,000 mg cumulative TiO2 from metformin and acebutolol tablets, nested case-control, 5-year lag

RR 1.00 (95% CI 0.99-1.01) for both exposure metrics

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The RRs of overall cancer per 1000 TiO2-containing tablets and per 10,000 mg of TiO2 increments were both 1.00 (95% CI: 0.99–1.01).

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

overall cancer incidence, incidence rate ratio per 1000 TiO2-containing tablets and per 10,000 mg TiO2 ingested via metformin and acebutolol, nested case-control, 5-year lag

RR 1.00 (95% CI 0.99-1.01) per 1000 tablets and per 10,000 mg

Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

The RRs of overall cancer per 1000 TiO2-containing tablets and per 10,000 mg of TiO2 increments were both 1.00 (95% CI: 0.99–1.01).

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

overall cancer risk

no effect

The RRs of overall cancer per 1000 TiO2-containing tablets and per 10,000 mg of TiO2 increments were both 1.00 (95% CI: 0.99–1.01)

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

overall cancer risk

no effect

The RRs of overall cancer per 1000 TiO2-containing tablets and per 10,000 mg of TiO2 increments were both 1.00 (95% CI: 0.99–1.01)

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this

pancreatic cancer and melanoma risk, non-linearity

unclear, p = 0.02

Non-linear associations were apparent for pancreatic cancer and melanoma (plinearity = 0.02 for TiO2 cumulative dose as the exposure metric)

PMID:40601245 · one of two readings recorded this