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quinolinate

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

Inferred

Every route here is a hypothesis drawn from reference reactions (Rhea and Human-GEM), not a finding. Currency species such as water, ATP and NAD(H) never form a step. Evidence key

20 compounds within 3 steps: 1 in 1, 4 in 2, 15 in 3

Does it reach a compound?

One step

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotideReach from here →
1. nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
Catalysed by QPRT

Two steps

nicotinateReach from here →
1. nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
2. 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + nicotinate + ATP + H2O = nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + ADP + phosphate + diphosphate
Catalysed by QPRT, NAPRT
5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphateReach from here →
1. nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
2. nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
Catalysed by QPRTOne of 2 routes
deamido-NAD(+)Reach from here →
1. nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
2. nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + ATP + H(+) = deamido-NAD(+) + diphosphate
Catalysed by QPRT, NMNAT3, NMNAT2, NMNAT1
beta-D-ribosylnicotinateReach from here →
1. nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
2. beta-D-ribosylnicotinate + ATP = nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + ADP + H(+)
Catalysed by QPRT, NMRK2, NMRK1

Three steps

nicotinic acid D-ribonucleotideReach from here →
Catalysed by QPRTcytosolOne of 4 routes
CHEBI:15842Reach from here →

Catalysed by QPRT, UMPS

cytosol

nicotinic acidReach from here →

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
beta-D-ribosylnicotinate + ATP = nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + ADP + H(+)
Nicotinate D-ribonucleoside:orthophosphate ribosyltransferase

Catalysed by QPRT, NMRK2, NMRK1cytosol

NMN zwitterionReach from here →

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
nicotinamide-D-ribonucleotide:diphosphate phospho-alpha-D-ribosyltransferase

Catalysed by QPRT, NAMPTcytosolOne of 2 routes

nicotinamideReach from here →

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + nicotinate + ATP + H2O = nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + ADP + phosphate + diphosphate
nicotinate + NADP(+) = NAADP(+) + nicotinamide

Catalysed by QPRT, NAPRT, CD38

CHEBI:17202Reach from here →

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
IMP:diphosphate phospho-D-ribosyltransferase

Catalysed by QPRT, HPRT1cytosol

urateReach from here →

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + nicotinate + ATP + H2O = nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + ADP + phosphate + diphosphate
nicotinate(in) + urate(out) = nicotinate(out) + urate(in)

Catalysed by QPRT, NAPRT, SLC22A12, SLC22A13inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

orotateReach from here →

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + nicotinate + ATP + H2O = nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + ADP + phosphate + diphosphate
orotate(out) + nicotinate(in) = orotate(in) + nicotinate(out)

Catalysed by QPRT, NAPRT, SLC22A12inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

D-ribose 1-phosphateReach from here →

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
beta-D-ribosylnicotinate + ATP = nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + ADP + H(+)
Nicotinate D-ribonucleoside:orthophosphate ribosyltransferase

Catalysed by QPRT, NMRK2, NMRK1cytosol

XMPReach from here →

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
XMP:pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase

Catalysed by QPRT, HPRT1cytosol

orotidine 5'-phosphateReach from here →

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
orotidine 5'-phosphate + diphosphate = orotate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

Catalysed by QPRT, UMPS

IMPReach from here →

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
IMP + diphosphate = hypoxanthine + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

Catalysed by QPRT, HPRT1

5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamineReach from here →

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (glutamine)

Catalysed by QPRT, PPATcytosolOne of 2 routes

alpha-D-ribose 1,5-bisphosphateReach from here →

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + H2O = alpha-D-ribose 1,5-bisphosphate + phosphate + H(+)

Catalysed by QPRT, NUDT4

NAADP(+)Reach from here →

nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + CO2 + diphosphate = quinolinate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+)
5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + nicotinate + ATP + H2O = nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + ADP + phosphate + diphosphate
nicotinate + NADP(+) = NAADP(+) + nicotinamide

Catalysed by QPRT, NAPRT, CD38One of 2 routes