a sphingomyelin

Three steps

• (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. SM pool hydrolysis
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosatetraenoate + ATP + CoA = (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosatetraenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by ACSL4cytosol, extracellular space

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by SGMS2, PLA2G10, PLA2G6, PLA2G1B and 13 more

• (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (13Z)-docosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• (11Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosahexaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• (15Z)-tetracosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (17Z)-hexacosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• heptadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• (9Z)-heptadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• (11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• N-(15Z-tetracosenoyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. N-(15Z-tetracosenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = (15Z)-tetracosenoate + sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatusOne of 3 routes

• N-(tetracosenoyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. tetracosenoyl-CoA + sphing-4-enine = N-(tetracosenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus

• 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  2. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-hexadecanoyl-1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + H(+)
  3. N-hexadecanoyl-1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + H2O = N-hexadecanoylethanolamine + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SGMS2, PLAAT3, PLAAT1, NAPEPLD

• 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. a sphingomyelin + H2O = phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. phosphocholine + CTP + H(+) = CDP-choline + diphosphate
  3. CDP-choline + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol = 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by SMPD2, SMPD1, ENPP7, SMPD4 and 4 more

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. a sphingomyelin + H2O = phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. phosphocholine + CTP + H(+) = CDP-choline + diphosphate
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycerol + CDP-choline = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by SMPD2, SMPD1, ENPP7, SMPD4 and 5 moreOne of 2 routes

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. a sphingomyelin + H2O = phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine + H(+)
  2. phosphocholine + CTP + H(+) = CDP-choline + diphosphate
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycerol + CDP-choline = 1-octadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by SMPD2, SMPD1, ENPP7, SMPD4 and 4 more

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-dodecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. dodecanoyl-CoA + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-dodecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by SGMS2, PLA2G10, PLA2G6, PLA2G1B and 13 more

• 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-octadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by SGMS2, PLA2G10, PLA2G6, PLA2G1B and 11 more

• 1-acyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a fatty acid + H(+)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-acyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by SGMS1, SGMS2, PLA2G10, PLA2G6 and 29 more

• nonadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. CDP-choline:1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase
  3. a 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by CHPT1, CEPT1, LCATendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (12R)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. SM pool hydrolysis
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (12R)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by ALOX12Bcytosol, extracellular space

• 1-acyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a fatty acid + H(+)
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-acyl-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by SGMS1, SGMS2, PLA2G10, PLA2G6 and 30 more

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-decanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. decanoyl-CoA + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-decanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by SGMS2, PLA2G10, PLA2G6, PLA2G1B and 12 more

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-hexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. hexanoyl-CoA + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-hexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by SGMS2, PLA2G10, PLA2G6, PLA2G1B and 12 more

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-octanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. octanoyl-CoA + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-octanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by SGMS2, PLA2G10, PLA2G6, PLA2G1B and 12 more

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-tetradecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by SGMS2, PLA2G10, PLA2G6, PLA2G1B and 12 more

• (8S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. SM pool hydrolysis
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. Arachidonate:oxygen 8-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ALOX12cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. SM pool hydrolysis
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol + H2O = 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + octadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ABHD11cytosol, extracellular space

• a 2,3-diacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. a 2-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 2,3-diacyl-sn-glycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus

• 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + phosphocholine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SGMS2, PLA2G10, PLA2G6, PLA2G1B and 15 more

• 2-O-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenylglycerolReach from here →
  1. SM pool hydrolysis
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. fatty acid amide hydrolase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by FAAHcytosol, extracellular space

• (R)-2-hydroxyhexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. hexadecanoate + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (R)-2-hydroxyhexadecanoate + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + H2O

  Catalysed by SGMS2, PLAAT3, PLA2G15, PLAAT1 and 3 more

• (R)-2-hydroxytetracosanoateReach from here →
  1. SM pool hydrolysis
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. tetracosanoate + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = (R)-2-hydroxytetracosanoate + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + H2O

  Catalysed by FA2Hcytosol, extracellular space

• an N-acyl-1-beta-D-(3-O-sulfo)-galactosyl-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:N-acylsphingosine D-galactosyltransferase
  3. 3'-Phosphoadenylylsulfate:galactosylceramide 3'-sulfotransferase

  Catalysed by UGT8, GAL3ST1endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by SGMS2, TAFAZZIN, PLA2G15

• 2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  2. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by SGMS2, PLA2G10, PLA2G6, PLA2G1B and 12 moreOne of 4 routes

• 1-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-N-acetylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine = 1-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-N-acetylsphing-4-enine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by SGMS2, TAFAZZIN, PLA2G15

• docosanedioateReach from here →
  1. SM pool hydrolysis
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. Fatty Acid Omega Oxidation by Hydroxylases (C22->C22Dc), Endoplasmatic Reticulum

  Catalysed by CYP4F2, CYP4F3cytosol, extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulum

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• (11Z,14Z)-eicosadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (13Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA pool formation and breakdown

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• (25R)-cholest-5-ene-3beta,26-diolReach from here →
  1. ceramide cholinephosphotransferase (CDP-choline)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. 2 reduced [adrenodoxin] + cholesterol + O2 + 2 H(+) = (25R)-cholest-5-ene-3beta,26-diol + 2 oxidized [adrenodoxin] + H2O

  Catalysed by GBA1, GBA2, CYP27A1endoplasmic reticulum