(S)-carnitine

Two steps

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, NAGScytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter

  Catalysed by SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, NAGScytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ASAH1 and 3 morecytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, HADHA and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 1 morecytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• deoxycholoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. cholate-CoA ligase (3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanate)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 1 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. Utilized Transport
  2. N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glycine

  Catalysed by FAAH, PM20D1endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• 4-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  2. transport of 4-aminobutyrate and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC6A12extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (9S)-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. Utilized Transport
  2. linoleate:oxygen 9-oxidoreductase

  No catalyst recordedendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, ACSM4 and 5 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 6 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (palmitolate)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 16 routes

• 3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. (3-Hydroxyisovalerylcoa->3-Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bcytosol

• CHEBI:63544Reach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (adrenic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• 18-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Utilized Transport
  2. cytochrome P450 (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by CYP4F8endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• hexacosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• tetracosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lignocerate)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 10 routes

• docosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (behenic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• (2E)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 3 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearidonic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)Reach from here →
  1. Utilized Transport
  2. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + H2O = sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ABHD12endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
  1. Utilized Transport
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ABHD16Aendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (EPA)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DPA)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (linolenate)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 9 routes

• (13Z)-docosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-erucic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (11Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-gondoic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-TPA)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosahexaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-THA)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• (15Z)-tetracosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (nervonic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (17Z)-hexacosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (ximenic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (dihomo-gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (omega-3-arachidonic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DHA)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• heptadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (margaric acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (9Z)-heptadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (9-heptadecylenic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatrienoic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• nonadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (nonadecylic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• (11Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. Transport of 11-Octadecenoyl Carnitine into the Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 3 routes

• (12R)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Utilized Transport
  2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (12R)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by ALOX12Bendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• (8S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Utilized Transport
  2. Arachidonate:oxygen 8-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ALOX12endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-O-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenylglycerolReach from here →
  1. Utilized Transport
  2. fatty acid amide hydrolase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by FAAHendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• dodecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. Activation of dodecanedioic acid

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 4 routes

• decanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. Production of Sebacoylcarnitine

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 4 routes

• octanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. Production of Suberylcarnitine

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 4 routes

• hexanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. Activation of adipic acid for Formation of Adipoyl Carnitine

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 4 routes

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-DPA)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 7 routes

• (11Z,14Z)-eicosadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((11Z,14Z)-eicosadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (R)-3-hydroxy-(11Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  2. Production of 3-Hydroxyoctadecenoylcarnitinec

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bcytosol