(S)-lactate

Three steps

• ubiquinol-10Reach from here →
  1. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. ubiquinone-10 + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + ubiquinol-10

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, SQORinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by LDHA, LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A and 3 moremitochondrial matrix

• (R)-noradrenalineReach from here →
  1. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  2. ascorbate to monodehydroascorbate conversion
  3. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, DBHinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• (2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by LDHA, LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A and 2 moremitochondrial matrixOne of 6 routes

• NAADP(+)Reach from here →
  1. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  2. nicotinate(in) + urate(out) = nicotinate(out) + urate(in)
  3. nicotinate + NADP(+) = NAADP(+) + nicotinamide

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, CD38inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 2-iminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. 2-iminobutanoate + H2O = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by LDHA, LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A and 3 more

• 2-aminoprop-2-enoateReach from here →
  1. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  2. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)
  3. D-serine = 2-aminoprop-2-enoate + H2O

  Catalysed by LDHA, LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A and 2 more

• 20-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. prostaglandin E3(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E3(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)
  2. transport of prostaglandin E3 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (Rnd) Tcdb:2.A.60.1.5

  Catalysed by SLCO2A1, SLCO1B1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (9S)-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (9S)-hydroperoxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate + 2 glutathione = (9S)-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, GPX1, GPX4inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• ursodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. prostaglandin E3(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E3(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)
  2. transport of prostaglandin E3 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLCO2A1, SLCO1B1, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• prostaglandin G2Reach from here →
  1. prostaglandin E3(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E3(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)
  2. transport of prostaglandin E3 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of prostaglandin G2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLCO2A1, SLCO1B1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 17beta-estradiol 17-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)Reach from here →
  1. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  2. urate(in) + glutarate(out) = urate(out) + glutarate(in)
  3. 17beta-estradiol 17-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)(out) + glutarate(in) = 17beta-estradiol 17-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, SLC22A8, SLC22A24inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• glycodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. glycodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = glycodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, ABCC4inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (12R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (12R)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (12R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, GPX1, GPX2 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, PTGES, MGST3 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, GPX1, GPX4inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• an S-substituted glutathioneReach from here →
  1. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. RX + glutathione = an S-substituted glutathione + a halide anion + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, GSTT4, GSTA4 and 21 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 19-hydroxyprostaglandin H1Reach from here →
  1. prostaglandin E1(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E1(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)
  2. prostaglandin-E synthase (prostaglandin E1)
  3. prostaglandin H1 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 19-hydroxyprostaglandin H1 + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO2A1, PTGES, PTGES3, PTGES2 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• (13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. (13S)-hydroperoxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + 2 glutathione = (13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, GPX1, GSTA1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• taurochenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)
  2. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)
  3. taurochenodeoxycholate(in) + glutathione(in) + ATP + H2O = taurochenodeoxycholate(out) + glutathione(out) + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC22A12, SLC22A13, ABCC4inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 5 routes

• thiamine(1+) diphosphateReach from here →
  1. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  2. pyruvate:thiamin diphosphate acetaldehydetransferase (decarboxylating)
  3. 2-(alpha-hydroxyethyl)thiamine-diphosphate[m] + lipoamide[m] = S-acetyldihydrolipoamide[m] + thiamin-PP[m]

  Catalysed by LDHA, LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A and 5 moremitochondrial matrix