homocysteine

Three steps

• 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. transport of methionine and valine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Valine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by MTR, SLC7A5, BCAT2cytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (5S)-hydroperoxy-(15S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. Glutathione: 15-HPETE oxidoreductase
  3. (15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (5S)-hydroperoxy-(15S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by GPX5, GPX1, GPX2, GPX3 and 6 morecytosol

• (8S)-3',8-cyclo-7,8-dihydroguanosine 5'-triphosphateReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. GTP + AH2 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = (8S)-3',8-cyclo-7,8-dihydroguanosine 5'-triphosphate + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + H(+)

  Catalysed by MTR, CDKAL1, MOCS1cytosol

• AReach from here →
  1. L-serine hydro-lyase (adding homocysteine
  2. L-cystathionine cysteine-lyase (deaminating
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by CBS, CTH, MOCOScytosolOne of 78 routes

• (14S,15R)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (14S,15R)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, CYP2C8 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (14R,15S)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (14R,15S)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, CYP2C8 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (11S,12R)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (11S,12R)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2J2 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (11R,12S)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (11R,12S)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP2C8, CYP2D6, CYP2C9 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (8S,9R)-epoxy-(5Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (8S,9R)-epoxy-(5Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYP2C9, CYP2J2cytosol, extracellular space

• (8R,9S)-epoxy-(5Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (8R,9S)-epoxy-(5Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 5,6-epoxy-(8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and 22 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• 17-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and 22 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 16-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 16-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYP1A1cytosol, extracellular space

• (18S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + AH2 + O2 = (18S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-eicosapentaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by MTR, CDKAL1, PTGS2cytosol

• (15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + AH2 + O2 = (15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by MTR, CDKAL1, PTGS2cytosol

• prostaglandin H3Reach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. prostaglandin G3 + AH2 = prostaglandin H3 + A + H2O

  Catalysed by MTR, CDKAL1, PTGS2cytosol

• 10-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 10-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYP3A4, CYP2C9cytosol, extracellular space

• prostaglandin J2Reach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of GSH and prostaglandin D2 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin J2 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 15-oxoprostaglandin F2alphaReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of GSH and prostaglandin F2alpha (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 15-keto-prostaglandin F2alpha reduction

  Catalysed by SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• dopamine 3-O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. dopamine + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = dopamine 3-O-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1B1, SULT1A3 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• dopamine 4-O-sulfateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Dopamine 4-O-Sulfotransferase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SULT1A3, SULT1A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin A2-S-(R)-glutathioneReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of GSH and prostaglandin A2 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin A2 + glutathione = prostaglandin A2-S-(R)-glutathione

  Catalysed by SLCO2A1, GSTA1, GSTM1cytosol, extracellular space

• prostaglandin A2-S-(S)-glutathioneReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of GSH and prostaglandin A2 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin A2 + glutathione = prostaglandin A2-S-(S)-glutathione

  Catalysed by SLCO2A1, GSTP1, GSTM1cytosol, extracellular space

• 13-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = 13-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by MTR, CDKAL1, PTGS2cytosol

• 9-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = 9-hydroxy-(10E,12Z)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by MTR, CDKAL1, PTGS2cytosol

• (8S,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 O2 = (8S,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,9E,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by ALOX15cytosol, extracellular space

• (14R,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,12E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 O2 = (14R,15S)-dihydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,12E)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by ALOX15cytosol, extracellular space

• 2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathioneReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. leukotriene C4 synthase (GSH)
  3. transport of leukotriene C4 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by LTC4S, SLCO1B1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 76 routes

• N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. transport of glycine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by MTR, SLC7A5, GLYATL3, GLYATL2cytosol, extracellular space

• N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. transport of methionine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-phenylalanine + (9Z)-octadecenoate = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O

  Catalysed by MTR, SLC7A5, PM20D1cytosol, extracellular space

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. transport of methionine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + L-phenylalanine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O

  Catalysed by MTR, SLC7A5, PM20D1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-leucineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. transport of leucine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-leucine + H2O = L-leucine + (9Z)-octadecenoate

  Catalysed by MTR, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, PM20D1cytosol, extracellular space

• N-octadecanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. transport of glycine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. octadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-octadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by MTR, SLC7A5, GLYATL2cytosol, extracellular space

• N-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-glycineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. transport of glycine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(9Z-hexadecenoyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by MTR, SLC7A5, GLYATL2cytosol, extracellular space

• 7-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and 22 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 13-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and 22 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 13(S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 13(S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by CYP2C9cytosol, extracellular space

• (13R)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = (13R)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by MTR, CDKAL1, PTGS1, PTGS2cytosol

• 16(R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1, CYP3A4 and 22 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by MTR, CDKAL1, PTGS2cytosol

• 2-[(15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by MTR, CDKAL1, PTGS2cytosol

• 2-[(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by MTR, CDKAL1, PTGS2cytosol

• 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. 2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + AH2 = 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by MTR, CDKAL1, PTGS2cytosol

• 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. 2-(prostaglandin G2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 = 2-(prostaglandin H2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by MTR, CDKAL1, PTGS2cytosol

• N-(4-oxoglutaryl)-L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. Formation of Homocystine
  2. glutathione gamma-glutamylaminopeptidase
  3. N-(4-oxoglutaryl)-L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = L-cysteinylglycine + 2-oxoglutarate

  Catalysed by GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 3 morecytosol

• N-hexadecanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. transport of glycine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by MTR, SLC7A5, GLYATL3cytosol, extracellular space

• N-dodecanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. transport of glycine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by MTR, SLC7A5, GLYATL2cytosol, extracellular space

• N-decanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. transport of glycine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. decanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-decanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by MTR, SLC7A5, GLYATL2cytosol, extracellular space

• N-octanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. transport of glycine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. octanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-octanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by MTR, SLC7A5, GLYATL2cytosol, extracellular space

• D-histidineReach from here →
  1. 5-methyltetrahydrofolate:L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase
  2. transport of methionine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-histidine(in) + L-ornithine(out) + H(+)(in) = D-histidine(out) + L-ornithine(in) + H(+)(out)

  Catalysed by MTR, SLC7A6, SLC25A2cytosol, extracellular space, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes