L-threonine

Three steps

• tricosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (tricosanoic acid)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SHMT1, GSS, PTGES, MGST3 and 4 more

• Se-methylselenocysteineReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+)
  2. Selenocystathionine Lysteine-lyase (deaminating)
  3. L-Serine hydro-lyase (adding homocysteine)

  Catalysed by SDS, SDSL, CTH, CBScytosolOne of 2 routes

• (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SHMT1, GSS, GPX1, GPX4

• thromboxane B2Reach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and thromboxane B2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, GSS, SLCO1B1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• an S-substituted glutathioneReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. RX + glutathione = an S-substituted glutathione + a halide anion + H(+)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, GSS, GSTT4, GSTA4 and 21 moreOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin H1Reach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. prostaglandin G1 + AH2 = prostaglandin H1 + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, PTGS2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (5S,11R)-dihydroxy-(6E,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + AH2 + O2 = (5S,11R)-dihydroxy-(6E,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, PTGS2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (5S,15R)-dihydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + AH2 + O2 = (5S,15R)-dihydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, PTGS2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (5S,15S)-dihydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + AH2 + O2 = (5S,15S)-dihydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, PTGS2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 17R-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + AH2 + O2 = 17R-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, PTGS2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 13-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,14E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + AH2 + O2 = 13-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,14E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, PTGS2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (18R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + AH2 + O2 = (18R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-eicosapentaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, PTGS2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + AH2 + O2 = (15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, PTGS2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + AH2 + O2 = (11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, PTGS2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 13R-hydroxy-(7Z,10Z,14E,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoate + AH2 + O2 = 13R-hydroxy-(7Z,10Z,14E,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A10, MOCOS, PTGS2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (13S)-hydroperoxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + 2 glutathione = (13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SHMT1, GSS, GPX1, GSTA1 and 2 moreOne of 2 routes

• taurochenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = acetaldehyde + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)

  Catalysed by SHMT1, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLC7A9 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• thiamine(1+) diphosphateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+)
  2. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (2-oxobutyrate)
  3. lipoamide to thiamin-PP conversion

  Catalysed by SDS, SDSL, BCKDHA, BCKDHB and 1 moremitochondrial matrix

• 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+)
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. pyruvate:thiamin diphosphate acetaldehydetransferase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by SDS, SDSL, AGXT2, PDHA1 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix