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CompoundsSubstances with curated findings
OutcomesMeasured endpoints
ProteinsTransporters and enzymes
InteractionsPairs that share biology
PapersEvery paper a finding cites
ArticlesReadings of the evidence

Chemistry

ReactionsRhea and Human-GEM, by subsystem
ReachWhat a compound can become

Reference layer

PathwaysReactions grouped under one name
ProcessesWhat proteins are annotated as doing
AnatomyTissues, by what is expressed there
Cell typesCells, by what is expressed there
OrganismsSpecies a compound is prepared from
MaterialsSubstances that are not one molecule
AssessmentsRegulatory determinations, transcribed
DiseasesFeatures, genes, and where each sits

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Reference

Evidence

Compounds
Outcomes
Proteins
Interactions
Papers
Articles

Chemistry

Reactions
Reach

Reference layer

Pathways
Processes
Anatomy
Cell types
Organisms
Materials
Assessments
Diseases

Atlas Graph Twin Access

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Computational infrastructure for human biology, built on a provenance-aware knowledge graph. Findings retain their sources; research and simulation are the next layers.

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A reference for what the literature reports. Not medical advice.

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globin

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

Inferred

Every route here is a hypothesis drawn from reference reactions (Rhea and Human-GEM), not a finding. Currency species such as water, ATP and NAD(H) never form a step. Evidence key

11 compounds within 3 steps: 1 in 1, 3 in 2, 7 in 3

Does it reach a compound?

One step

deoxyhemoglobinReach from here →
1. globin to hemoglobin conversion
No catalyst recordedcytosol

Two steps

COReach from here →
1. globin to hemoglobin conversion
2. heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing) (hemoglobin)
Catalysed by HMOX1, HMOX2cytosol
Fe(3+)Reach from here →
1. globin to hemoglobin conversion
2. heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing) (hemoglobin)
Catalysed by HMOX1, HMOX2cytosol
biliverdin IXalphaReach from here →
1. globin to hemoglobin conversion
2. heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing) (hemoglobin)
Catalysed by HMOX1, HMOX2cytosol

Three steps

bilirubin IXalphaReach from here →
Catalysed by HMOX1, HMOX2, BLVRB, BLVRAcytosolOne of 2 routes
dehydroascorbic acidReach from here →
Catalysed by

cytosol, extracellular space

iron(2+)Reach from here →

globin to hemoglobin conversion
heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing) (hemoglobin)
cytochrome b reductase (ascorbate)

Catalysed by HMOX1, HMOX2, CYBRD1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-oneReach from here →

globin to hemoglobin conversion
heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing) (hemoglobin)
1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 3-(methylsulfanyl)propanoate + CO + formate + 2 H(+)

Catalysed by HMOX1, HMOX2, ADI1cytosol

quercetinReach from here →

globin to hemoglobin conversion
heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing) (hemoglobin)
quercetin + O2 = 2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyloxy)-4,6-dihydroxybenzoate + CO

Catalysed by HMOX1, HMOX2, PIRcytosol

(4Z,15Z)-bilirubin IXalphaReach from here →

globin to hemoglobin conversion
heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing) (hemoglobin)
(4Z,15Z)-bilirubin IXalpha + NADP(+) = biliverdin IXalpha + NADPH + H(+)

Catalysed by HMOX1, HMOX2, BLVRAcytosolOne of 2 routes

monodehydro-L-ascorbate radicalReach from here →

globin to hemoglobin conversion
heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing) (hemoglobin)
Fe(3+)(out) + L-ascorbate(in) = monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical(in) + Fe(2+)(out) + H(+)

Catalysed by HMOX1, HMOX2, CYB561D2, CYB561 and 3 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane