an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine

Three steps

• (13Z)-eicosenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((13Z)-eicosenoic acid)

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, DGAT1, MOGAT2 and 11 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• 1-O-alkyl-2,3-diacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  3. 1-O-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycerol + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-O-alkyl-2,3-diacyl-sn-glycerol + a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, SGMS1, PLA2G15One of 2 routes

• 24-hydroxytetracosanoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. tetracosanoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 24-hydroxytetracosanoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 20-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. arachidonic acid:oxygen 1-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 28 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• 11,12-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 11,12-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 19-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 19-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 6 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 11-hydroxydodecanoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. lauric acid[r] + O2[r] + FMNH2[r] = FMN[r] + H2O[r] + 11-hydroxydodecanoate[r]

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• (17R,18S)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (17R,18S)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 8 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (17S,18R)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (17S,18R)-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 19-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. EPA[r] + O2[r] + FMNH2[r] = FMN[r] + H2O[r] + 19-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate[r]

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• 20-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 20-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 22-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 22-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 5 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 14-hydroxytetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. alkane 1-monooxygenase (myristic acid)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 4,8-dimethylnonanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  3. Carnitine Dimethyl Nonanoyl Transferase, Revsible, Peroxisomal

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, DGAT1, MOGAT2 and 5 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• tetradecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C16Dc->C14Dc), Peroxisomal

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, DGAT1, MOGAT2 and 7 morecytosol, peroxisome

• hexadecanedioyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  3. Production of Hexadecanedioylcarnitine

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, DGAT1, MOGAT2 and 6 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. 1-octadecanoyl-2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycerol + H2O = 2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-glycerol + octadecanoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• pristanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  3. fatty-acid-CoA ligase

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, DGAT1, MOGAT2 and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• undecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (undecylic acid)

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, DGAT1, MOGAT2 and 9 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + (9Z)-octadecenoate

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (14S)-hydroperoxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + O2 = (14S)-hydroperoxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (5Z,7Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-12-hydroperoxyeicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + O2 = (5Z,7Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-12-hydroperoxyeicosapentaenoate

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 18-hydroxy-(9Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 18-hydroxy-(9Z)-octadecenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• N-hexadecanoyl-sphinganine-1-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  3. N-hexadecanoylsphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = N-hexadecanoyl-sphinganine-1-phosphocholine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, SGMS1One of 2 routes

• N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganine-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (4R)-hydroxysphinganine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganine + CoA + H(+)
  3. N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganine-phosphocholine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 5 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-hexadecanoyl-sphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. CDP-ethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + CMP + H(+)
  3. N-hexadecanoylsphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = N-hexadecanoyl-sphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, SELENOI, CEPT1One of 2 routes

• an N-acylsphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase
  3. an N-acylsphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acylsphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 3 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (4R)-hydroxysphinganine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganine + CoA + H(+)
  3. N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = N-hexadecanoyl-(4R)-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 5 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol)Reach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol) + H2O = sn-glycero-3-phospho-1D-myo-inositol + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + AH2 + O2 = (11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + AH2 + O2 = (15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• hexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. N-hexadecanoylsphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = N-hexadecanoyl-sphinganine-1-phosphocholine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  3. sphinganine + hexadecanoate = N-hexadecanoylsphinganine + H2O

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, SGMS1, ASAH2

• (15R)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + O2 = (15R)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 11R-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. Arachidonate: oxygen 11-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin G2Reach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. Arachidonate:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  3. 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + a sphingomyelin

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, SGMS1

• 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-acyl-sn-3-glycerolReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  3. 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-acyl-sn-3-glycerol + a sphingomyelin = a 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an N-acylsphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, SGMS1

• 14-hydroperoxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + O2 = 14-hydroperoxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (12R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = (12R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 14,15-epoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 28 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• 8,9-epoxy-(5Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. unspecific monooxygenase (arachidonate)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 27 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• tetradecanalReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. tetradecanal + NAD(+) + H2O = tetradecanoate + NADH + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 1-heptadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserineReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. 1-heptadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine + H2O = 1-heptadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine + (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• a monoacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  3. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a monoacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a fatty acid + H(+)

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, SGMS1, PNLIPRP2

• 1-heptadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. 1-heptadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-heptadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 2-(acylamino)ethyl fatty acidReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  3. an N-acylethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 2-(acylamino)ethyl fatty acid + a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, SGMS1, PLA2G15One of 2 routes

• 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, SGMS1, PLA2G15One of 4 routes

• 1-heptadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. Phytoceramide amidohydrolase
  2. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation
  3. 1-heptadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + H2O = 1-heptadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (5Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. acyl-CoA:1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol O-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (physeteric acid)

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, DGAT1, MOGAT2 and 11 morecytosolOne of 8 routes

• 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolReach from here →
  1. an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  2. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol
  3. ethanol + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanol + choline

  Catalysed by SGMS2, SAMD8, SGMS1, PLD1