pyruvate

Three steps

• N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->6)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acyl-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acyl-sphing-4-enine + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->6)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acyl-sphing-4-enine + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NPL, CMAS, ST6GALNAC6, ST6GALNAC5cytosol, nucleus

• tricosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (tricosanoic acid)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• a ganglioside GM1bReach from here →
  1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. a ganglioside GA1 + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GM1b + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NPL, CMAS, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2cytosol, nucleus

• ganglioside GD1a (18:1(4E)/18:0)Reach from here →
  1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. ganglioside GM1 (d18:1(4E)/18:0) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = ganglioside GD1a (18:1(4E)/18:0) + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NPL, CMAS, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2cytosol, nucleus

• a neolactoside IV(3)-alpha-NeuAc-nLc4CerReach from here →
  1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. a neolactoside nLc4Cer + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a neolactoside IV(3)-alpha-NeuAc-nLc4Cer + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NPL, CMAS, ST3GAL4cytosol, nucleus

• a ganglioside GT1aReach from here →
  1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. a ganglioside GD1a + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GT1a + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NPL, CMAS, ST8SIA6cytosol, nucleus

• Se-methylselenocysteineReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:thiol S-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SCLYmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8E,10E)-heptadecatrienoateReach from here →
  1. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  2. prostaglandin H2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin H2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)
  3. prostaglandin H2 = (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8E,10E)-heptadecatrienoate + malonaldehyde

  Catalysed by LDHA, LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A and 5 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• prostaglandin H1Reach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. prostaglandin G1 + AH2 = prostaglandin H1 + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, PTGS2mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 19-hydroxyprostaglandin H2Reach from here →
  1. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  2. prostaglandin H2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin H2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)
  3. prostaglandin H2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 19-hydroxyprostaglandin H2 + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by LDHA, LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (5S,11R)-dihydroxy-(6E,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + AH2 + O2 = (5S,11R)-dihydroxy-(6E,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, PTGS2mitochondrial matrix

• (5S,15R)-dihydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + AH2 + O2 = (5S,15R)-dihydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, PTGS2mitochondrial matrix

• (5S,15S)-dihydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + AH2 + O2 = (5S,15S)-dihydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, PTGS2mitochondrial matrix

• 17R-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + AH2 + O2 = 17R-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, PTGS2mitochondrial matrix

• 13-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,14E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + AH2 + O2 = 13-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,14E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, PTGS2mitochondrial matrix

• (18R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + AH2 + O2 = (18R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-eicosapentaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, PTGS2mitochondrial matrix

• (15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + AH2 + O2 = (15R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, PTGS2mitochondrial matrix

• (11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + AH2 + O2 = (11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, PTGS2mitochondrial matrix

• 13R-hydroxy-(7Z,10Z,14E,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoate + AH2 + O2 = 13R-hydroxy-(7Z,10Z,14E,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, PTGS2mitochondrial matrix

• (13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + AH2 + O2 = (13S)-hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, PTGS1, PTGS2mitochondrial matrix

• a ganglioside GD1cReach from here →
  1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. a ganglioside GM1b + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GD1c + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NPL, CMAS, ST8SIA6cytosol, nucleus

• an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->8)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. a ganglioside GM4 (d18:1(4E)) + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->8)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NPL, CMAS, ST8SIA6cytosol, nucleus

• N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->8)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-ceramideReach from here →
  1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->8)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NPL, CMAS, ST8SIA6cytosol, nucleus

• a ganglioside GQ1bReach from here →
  1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  2. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  3. a ganglioside GT1b + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GQ1b + CMP + H(+)

  Catalysed by NPL, CMAS, ST8SIA6cytosol, nucleus

• 3-deoxy-D-glycero-beta-D-galacto-non-2-ulopyranosonate 9-phosphateReach from here →
  1. Pyruvate:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)
  2. oxaloacetate + GTP = phosphoenolpyruvate + GDP + CO2
  3. aldehydo-D-mannose 6-phosphate + phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O = 3-deoxy-D-glycero-beta-D-galacto-non-2-ulopyranosonate 9-phosphate + phosphate

  Catalysed by PC, PCK1, PCK2, NANSmitochondrial matrix