N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acid

Three steps

• a ganglioside GD1bReach from here →
  1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  2. a ganglioside GD1b + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GT1b + CMP + H(+)
  3. a ganglioside GT1b + H2O = a ganglioside GD1b + N-acetylneuraminate

  Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2, NEU3 and 1 morenucleus

• a ganglioside GalNAc-GD1aReach from here →
  1. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase
  2. a ganglioside GM1 + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GD1a + CMP + H(+)
  3. a ganglioside GD1a + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine = a ganglioside GalNAc-GD1a + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by CMAS, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2, B4GALNT1nucleus

• thromboxane B2Reach from here →
  1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. thromboxane B2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = thromboxane B2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by NPL, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 3 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• thiamine(1+) diphosphateReach from here →
  1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  2. pyruvate:thiamin diphosphate acetaldehydetransferase (decarboxylating)
  3. 2-(alpha-hydroxyethyl)thiamine-diphosphate[m] + lipoamide[m] = S-acetyldihydrolipoamide[m] + thiamin-PP[m]

  Catalysed by NPL, PDHA1, PDHB, PDHA2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix