Pathway
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol
In the liver, synthesis of bile acids and bile salts is initiated with the conversion of cholesterol to 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol and of 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol to 4-cholesten-7alpha-ol-3-one. The pathway then branches: hydroxylation of 4-cholesten-7alpha-ol-3-one to 4-cholesten-7alpha, 12alpha-diol-3-one leads ultimately to the formation of cholate, while its reduction to 5beta-cholestan-7alpha-ol-3-one leads to chenodeoxycholate formation. The amounts of substrate following each branch appear to be determined by abundance of the hydroxylase enzyme: in human liver, cholate synthesis predominates.
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In both branches, reactions in the cytosol, the mitochondrial matrix, and the peroxisomal matrix result in modifications to the ring structure, shortening and oxidation of the side chain, conversion to a Coenzyme A derivative, and conjugation with the amino acids glycine or taurine. In the body, glycocholate, taurocholate, glycochenodeoxycholate, and taurochenodeoxycholate are released from hepatocytes into the bile and ultimately into the lumen of the small intestine, where they function as detergents to solubilize dietary fats. The liver synthetic pathway also yields small amounts of bile acids, cholate and deoxycholate, which may play a feedback role in regulating the bile acid synthetic pathway. These reactions are outlined in the figure below.
What the reference databases state
Statements
22 statements
22 statements · 1 reference database · Subject: Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol · Sources: Reactome
- ABCB11 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- ABCD3 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- ACOT8 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- ACOX2 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- AKR1C1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- AKR1C2 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- AKR1C3 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- AKR1C4 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- AKR1D1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- AMACR participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- BAAT participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- CYP27A1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
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- CYP7A1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- CYP8B1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- HSD17B4 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- HSD3B7 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- NCOA1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- NCOA2 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- NR1H4 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- RXRA participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- SLC27A2 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
- SLC27A5 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolProteinReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only