Endpoint
Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)
CAT:outcome/hba1creported in %27 findings from 15 compounds
What moved it
How to read these marks27 findings · 15 compounds · 13 null · by evidence strength
| Compound | Direction | Findings | Strongest evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| curcumin | no effect 3 · down 3 | 6 | Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers. |
| berberine | down | 3 | Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers. |
| resveratrol | down | 3 | Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers. |
| coenzyme Q10 | no effect | 2 | Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers. |
| empagliflozin | no effect | 2 | Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers. |
| L-glutamine | no effect | 1 | Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers. |
| pravastatin | no effect | 1 | Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers. |
| thiamine | no effect | 1 | Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers. |
| tirzepatide | down | 1 | Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers. |
| α-tocopherol | down | 1 | Evidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers. |
| melatonin | down 1 · no effect 1 | 2 | Evidence strength: limited. Human evidence with several recorded weaknesses, or a design that tops out at limited. |
| (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate | down | 1 | Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence. |
| astaxanthin | no effect | 1 | Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence. |
| L-arginine | no effect | 1 | Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence. |
| lycopene | down | 1 | Evidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence. |
Reported to move it
14 findings
berberine — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Findingreplicated ×2“BBR supplementation significantly decreased HbA1c compared to placebo (WMD = −0.45%; 95%CI, −0.68 to −0.23; P < 0.001).”
Quoted verbatim from The effects of berberine supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Population
- Adults in randomised controlled trials of berberine (type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver disease, PCOS and other populations)
Effect -0.45 mean difference, 95% CI -0.68 to -0.23
The effects of berberine supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.2022PMID:36313096Permalink
resveratrol — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Findingreplicated ×2“The adjusted means showed that postintervention HbA1c was lower on resveratrol (35.8 ± 0.43 mmol/mol) compared with placebo (37.6 ± 0.44 mmol/mol).”
Quoted verbatim from No effect of resveratrol supplementation after 6 months on insulin sensitivity in overweight adults: a randomized trial.. - Study
- RCT
- Dose
- 150 mg/d
- Population
- Overweight men and women, BMI 27-35 kg/m2, aged 40-70 y; resveratrol versus placebo, postintervention ANCOVA-adjusted means
No effect of resveratrol supplementation after 6 months on insulin sensitivity in overweight adults: a randomized trial.2020PMID:32492138Permalink
resveratrol — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Findingreplicated ×2“There was a significant decrease following RSV administration in WC with an SMD of –0.36 (95% CI: –0.59 to –0.14; P = 0.002; I2 = 88%), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c): –0.48 (–0.69 to –0.2; P ≤ 0.001; I2 = 94%), TC: –0.15 (–0.3 to –0.01; P = 0.003; I2 = 94%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C): –0.42 (–0.57 to –0.27; P ≤ 0.001; I2 = 92%), and HDL-C:0.16 (–0.31 to –0.02; P = 0.03; I2 = 81%).”
Quoted verbatim from Efficacy of Resveratrol Supplementation on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Population
- adults, mostly obese and diabetic patients, RSV vs placebo, pooled from 25 RCTs (1,171 participants)
Effect -0.48 standardised mean difference, 95% CI -0.69 to -0.2
Efficacy of Resveratrol Supplementation on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.2022PMID:35431994Permalink
berberine — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Findingreplicated ×2“Thus, BBR and BBR with probiotics were both superior to the Plac in lowering HbA1c, but Prob was not.”
Quoted verbatim from Gut microbiome-related effects of berberine and probiotics on type 2 diabetes (the PREMOTE study).. - Study
- RCT
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 0.6 g twice daily
- Population
- newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes adults; berberine-alone arm vs placebo, primary outcome
Gut microbiome-related effects of berberine and probiotics on type 2 diabetes (the PREMOTE study).2020PMID:33024120Industry fundedPermalink
tirzepatide — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Finding“All three tirzepatide doses were associated with a significant decrease in HbA1c levels compared to placebo (Figure S8 and Table S3).”
Quoted verbatim from Efficacy and safety of once-weekly tirzepatide for weight management compared to placebo: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis including the latest SURMOUNT-2 trial.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Dose
- 5, 10 and 15 mg once weekly
- Population
- Adults with or without type 2 diabetes in placebo-controlled trials, 12 to 72 weeks; all three doses
Efficacy and safety of once-weekly tirzepatide for weight management compared to placebo: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis including the latest SURMOUNT-2 trial.2024PMID:38850440Industry fundedPermalink
α-tocopherol — decreases
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.Finding“Meta-analysis of these RCTs showed that vitamin E intake, compared with a placebo, resulted in a significant reduction in HbA1c in diabetic patients (MD: -0.21%, 95% CI: -0.33 to -0.09, P = 0.001, I2: 76.6%, P < 0.001).”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of vitamin E intake on glycemic control and insulin resistance in diabetic patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Population
- Adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, diabetic nephropathy or neuropathy; pooled randomised trials of vitamin E supplementation against a control group
Effect -0.21 mean difference, 95% CI -0.33 to -0.09
Effect of vitamin E intake on glycemic control and insulin resistance in diabetic patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2023PMID:36800965Permalink
Show the remaining 8
melatonin — decreases
LimitedEvidence strength: limited. Human evidence with several recorded weaknesses, or a design that tops out at limited.Finding“Melatonin supplementation was associated with a statistically significant reduction in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels compared to placebo [mean difference [MD]: -0.65; 95% CI: -1.28, -0.02; P = 0.04]”
Quoted verbatim from The effect of melatonin supplementation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Participants
- 325
- Population
- adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
The effect of melatonin supplementation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.2025PMID:40698248Permalink
curcumin — decreases
LimitedEvidence strength: limited. Human evidence with several recorded weaknesses, or a design that tops out at limited.Findingreplicated ×2“Compared with placebo, curcumin treatment significantly reduced FPG and HbA1c (key markers of diabetes progression) at 6, 9, and 12 months (Table 4; C).”
Quoted verbatim from Curcumin Attenuates Liver Steatosis via Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial.. - Study
- RCT
- Dose
- 1500 mg/day curcuminoid extract
- Population
- obese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, secondary endpoint, significant at 6, 9, 12 months
Curcumin Attenuates Liver Steatosis via Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial.2025PMID:41096556Industry fundedPermalink
curcumin — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×2“There were also significant reductions in body mass index and serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, glucose, and glycated hemoglobin compared with the placebo group.”
Quoted verbatim from Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Curcumin: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial.. - Study
- RCT
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- amorphous dispersion curcumin formulation 500 mg/day (~70 mg curcumin) for 8 weeks
- Population
- adults with ultrasound-diagnosed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Curcumin: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial.2016PMID:27270872Permalink
resveratrol — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×2“Resveratrol consumption significantly reduced fasting glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, and insulin resistance (measured by using the homeostatic model assessment) levels in participants with diabetes.”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of resveratrol on glucose control and insulin sensitivity: a meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Population
- participants with diabetes
Effect of resveratrol on glucose control and insulin sensitivity: a meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials.2014PMID:24695890Permalink
(-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Finding“Notably, the reduction in HbA1c (WMD: -0.18%, 95% CI: -0.35, -0.02; P = 0.029) was small and may not equate to clinically meaningful benefits for all populations.”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Glycemic Index: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Population
- Pooled across 41 randomized controlled trials of EGCG supplementation (meta-analysis of glycemic index and related parameters).
Effect -0.18 mean difference, 95% CI -0.35 to -0.02
Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Glycemic Index: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2025PMID:40885603Permalink
curcumin — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×2“Curcuminoids supplementation significantly decreased fasting blood glucose (p < 0.01), HbA1c (p = 0.031), and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (p < 0.01) in type 2 diabetic patients.”
Quoted verbatim from Curcuminoids exert glucose-lowering effect in type 2 diabetes by decreasing serum free fatty acids: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.. - Study
- RCT
- Participants
- 100
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 300 mg/day
- Population
- overweight/obese adults with type 2 diabetes (BMI ≥ 24; fasting glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L or postprandial glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L)
Curcuminoids exert glucose-lowering effect in type 2 diabetes by decreasing serum free fatty acids: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.2013PMID:22930403Permalink
berberine — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Findingreplicated ×2“Berberine lowered fasting glucose (-0.52 mmol/L, 95% CI -0.72 to -0.33; 18 studies, n = 1522), HbA1c (-4.48 mmol/mol, 95% CI -6.53 to -2.44, 7 studies, n = 756), fasting insulin (-2.36 mU/L, 95% CI -3.64 to -1.08, 11 studies, n = 966), HOMA-IR (-0.85, 95% CI -1.16 to -0.53,12 studies, n = 1065), and 2-h postprandial glucose (-1.81 mmol/L, 95% CI -2.37 to -1.24, 4 studies, n = 501).”
Quoted verbatim from Overall and Sex-Specific Effect of Berberine on Glycemic and Insulin-Related Traits: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Participants
- 756
- Population
- Adults in 20 randomized trials of berberine versus placebo, pooled across sexes and diabetes status
Effect -4.48 mean difference, 95% CI -6.53 to -2.44
Overall and Sex-Specific Effect of Berberine on Glycemic and Insulin-Related Traits: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2023PMID:37598753Permalink
lycopene — decreases
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.Finding“Contrarily, HbA1c and FPG levels decreased significantly with the higher lycopene intake.”
Quoted verbatim from The role of lycopene for the amelioration of glycaemic status and peripheral antioxidant capacity among the Type II diabetes mellitus patients: a case-control study.. - Study
- case-control
- Population
- Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus within a case-control study; dietary lycopene by food frequency questionnaire; association with intake level
The role of lycopene for the amelioration of glycaemic status and peripheral antioxidant capacity among the Type II diabetes mellitus patients: a case-control study.2021PMID:34180336Permalink
Measured, no effect detected
13 findings
empagliflozin — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull resultreplicated ×1“Significant effects of empagliflozin were not noted for the following outcomes: hs-CRP (SMD = −0.29, 95% CI = −0.85 to 0.26, p = 0.30), WBC count (SMD = −0.46, 95% CI = −1.58 to 0.66, p = 0.42), IL-6 (SMD = 0.43, 95% CI = −0.12 to 0.97, p = 0.12), ketone bodies (SMD = 2.95, 95% CI = −1.82 to 7.72, p = 0.23), HbA1c (SMD = −0.05, 95% CI = −0.38 to 0.29, p = 0.79), eGFR (SMD = 0.18, 95% CI = −0.16 to 0.51, p = 0.30), NT-proBNP (SMD = −0.19, 95% CI = −0.59 to 0.21, p = 0.35), E/e’ ratio (SMD = −0.55, 95% CI = −1.54 to 0.44, p = 0.28), TAPSE (SMD = 0.09, 95% CI = −0.12 to 0.30, p = 0.38), and DBP (SMD = −0.27, 95% CI = −0.60 to 0.07, p = 0.12).”
Quoted verbatim from Efficacy and safety of empagliflozin for the acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Dose
- 10 mg daily in eight included trials, 25 mg daily in one
- Population
- Patients with acute myocardial infarction; pooled RCTs, empagliflozin versus placebo; secondary outcome
Effect -0.05 standardised mean difference, 95% CI -0.38 to 0.29
Efficacy and safety of empagliflozin for the acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2025PMID:40489293Permalink
thiamine — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull result“Two trials that investigated the effect of thiamine supplementation versus placebo on HbA1c levels demonstrated no statistically significant differences between the groups at less than 3-month follow-up period (mean difference, MD: −0.02%, 95% CI: −0.35 to 0.31).”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of thiamine supplementation on glycaemic outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Population
- Adults with type 2 diabetes; two pooled placebo-controlled trials; follow-up under 3 months
Effect -0.02 mean difference, 95% CI -0.35 to 0.31
Effect of thiamine supplementation on glycaemic outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.2022PMID:36008064Permalink
curcumin — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull resultreplicated ×2“However, curcumin was not significantly associated with HbA1c based on pooling three included studies with MD (95% CI) of −0.24 (−0.66, 0.18) %, I2 = 85.8%, see Supplementary Appendix P.”
Quoted verbatim from An updated meta-analysis of effects of curcumin on metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease based on available evidence from Iran and Thailand.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Dose
- 80–3000 mg/day pooled across bioavailability-enhanced forms (80–1000 mg/day), curcumin extracts (1500 mg/day) and turmeric powder (2000–3000 mg/day)
- Population
- Adults with MAFLD (NAFLD/NASH); 3 RCTs pooled; glycaemic indices were an additional (secondary) outcome of this review
Effect -0.24 mean difference, 95% CI -0.66 to 0.18
An updated meta-analysis of effects of curcumin on metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease based on available evidence from Iran and Thailand.2023PMID:37037891Permalink
L-glutamine — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull result“Fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin A1c values before and after 60 days of supplementation with EGln or maltodextrin indicated prediabetes, but no significant differences were observed between the EGln and placebo groups.”
Quoted verbatim from Tolerability of glutamine supplementation in older adults: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.. - Study
- RCT
- Participants
- 30
- Duration
- 2 months
- Dose
- 12.4 g oral effervescent glutamine daily
- Population
- community-dwelling older adults aged over 60 from three daycare centres in Brazil; safety/tolerability endpoint, not the trial's primary outcome
Tolerability of glutamine supplementation in older adults: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.2024PMID:38808890Permalink
coenzyme Q10 — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull resultreplicated ×1“Additionally, the groups did not differ significantly in terms of the fasting blood glucose, insulin, and HbA1c concentrations.”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Insulin Resistance in Korean Patients with Prediabetes: A Pilot Single-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.. - Study
- RCT
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Dose
- coenzyme Q10 200 mg/day for 8 weeks
- Population
- adults with impaired glucose tolerance (prediabetes)
Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Insulin Resistance in Korean Patients with Prediabetes: A Pilot Single-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.2018PMID:30151373Permalink
empagliflozin — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull resultreplicated ×1“In comparison with the control group, empagliflozin treatment can attenuate HOMA-IR levels, the statistical difference was significant (MD: −0.45, 95% CI: −0.90 to 0.00, p = 0.05, I2 = 0%), but there were no significant diversity in HbA1c (MD: −0.10, 95% CI: −0.60 to −0.40, p = 0.70, I2 = 42.79%), FBS (MD: −1.21, 95% CI: −4.98 to 2.55, p = 0.53, I2 = 0%), insulin (MD: 3.63, 95% CI: −7.64 to 14.90, p = 0.53, I2 = 90%), and HOMA2-IR (MD: −0.12, 95% CI: −0.45 to 0.20, p = 0.46, I2 = 0%).”
Quoted verbatim from Efficacy and Safety of Empagliflozin on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Population
- Patients with NAFLD, pooled across randomized trials of empagliflozin 20 to 24 weeks; control arms were mostly placebo with one glimepiride arm
Efficacy and Safety of Empagliflozin on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.2022PMID:35282455Permalink
Show the remaining 7
pravastatin — no detected effect on
ModerateEvidence strength: moderate. Human evidence with one recorded weakness, or capped at moderate by its design or by unread numbers.FindingNull result“Pravastatin use was not significantly associated with change in glucose metabolism measurements such as fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR (homeostasis model of assessment of insulin resistance) and HbA1c (hemoglobin A1c) from baseline to either week 6 or week 12 (table 2).”
Quoted verbatim from A randomized placebo-controlled pilot study of pravastatin as an adjunctive therapy in schizophrenia patients: effect on inflammation, psychopathology, cognition and lipid metabolism.. - Study
- RCT
- Duration
- 3 months
- Dose
- 40 mg/day
- Population
- Outpatients aged 18 to 68 with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder on stable antipsychotic treatment; change from baseline at week 6 and week 12
A randomized placebo-controlled pilot study of pravastatin as an adjunctive therapy in schizophrenia patients: effect on inflammation, psychopathology, cognition and lipid metabolism.2014PMID:25261882Permalink
curcumin — no detected effect on
LimitedEvidence strength: limited. Human evidence with several recorded weaknesses, or a design that tops out at limited.FindingNull resultreplicated ×2“Nanocurcumin supplementation showed no significant effects on fasting blood glucose (SMD: -0.44; 95% CI: -2.16 to 1.28), HbA1c (SMD: 0.19; 95% CI: -1.26 to 1.65), or lipid profile parameters, including total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and triglycerides (all p > 0.05).”
Quoted verbatim from Evaluating the Effects of Nanocurcumin Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Participants
- 336
- Population
- adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
Evaluating the Effects of Nanocurcumin Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2026PMID:42171191Permalink
astaxanthin — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull result“Current study revealed that astaxanthin consumption was not associated with FBS, HbA1c, TC, LDL-C, TG, BMI, BW, DBP, and SBP.”
Quoted verbatim from The effects of astaxanthin supplementation on obesity, blood pressure, CRP, glycemic biomarkers, and lipid profile: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Population
- adults; meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of astaxanthin supplementation (14 studies)
The effects of astaxanthin supplementation on obesity, blood pressure, CRP, glycemic biomarkers, and lipid profile: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.2020PMID:32755613Permalink
coenzyme Q10 — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull resultreplicated ×1“The effect of Co-Q10 on HbA1c and fasting insulin was not significant.”
Quoted verbatim from Effect of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Diabetes Biomarkers: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Population
- patients with diabetes, pooled from randomized controlled trials of CoQ10 supplementation
Effect of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Diabetes Biomarkers: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials.2016PMID:27544369Permalink
L-arginine — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull result“However, the effects of l-arginine supplementation on HOMA-IR and HbA1c were not significant.”
Quoted verbatim from Effects of l-arginine supplementation on glycemic profile: Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Population
- Adults; pooled analysis of RCTs (search to 5 May 2018) of l-arginine supplementation on glycemic profile
Effects of l-arginine supplementation on glycemic profile: Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.2020PMID:32561357Permalink
curcumin — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull resultreplicated ×2“There was no significant change in HbA1C, plasma insulin, QUICKI, HDL, SBP, DBP, CRP, TNF-α and WC after curcumin therapy.”
Quoted verbatim from Curcumin effects on glycaemic indices, lipid profile, blood pressure, inflammatory markers and anthropometric measurements of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Population
- adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Curcumin effects on glycaemic indices, lipid profile, blood pressure, inflammatory markers and anthropometric measurements of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.2024PMID:38232906Permalink
melatonin — no detected effect on
Very limitedEvidence strength: very limited. Human evidence with major recorded weaknesses, or non-human, uncontrolled or unverified evidence.FindingNull result“HbA1c levels were largely unaffected by melatonin treatment compared with placebo (g: 0.14 [-0.19 to 0.46], n = 142).”
Quoted verbatim from Effects of daily administration of melatonin before bedtime on fasting insulin, glucose and insulin sensitivity in healthy adults and patients with metabolic diseases. A systematic review and meta-analysis.. - Study
- meta-analysis
- Participants
- 142
- Population
- healthy adults and patients with metabolic diseases, daily melatonin treatment for at least 2 weeks, pooled random-effects meta-analysis
Effects of daily administration of melatonin before bedtime on fasting insulin, glucose and insulin sensitivity in healthy adults and patients with metabolic diseases. A systematic review and meta-analysis.2021PMID:34370338Permalink
How it is measured
Whole-blood glycated haemoglobin by HPLC, capillary electrophoresis or immunoassay, NGSP/DCCT-aligned. Where a study reports on the IFCC scale in mmol/mol the scale is recorded with each finding, because the two scales are related by a linear transform and not by a factor.
Measured, not recorded
- Subject
- glycated haemoglobin (hba1c)
- Measurements
- 4 measurements
- Recorded as a finding
- No
Show what was measured
glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)
decreases, significant reduction in HbA1c with coenzyme Q10
The diabetic rats treated with coenzyme Q10 showed a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in HbA1C level as compared to diabetic control rats.
PMID:25538335 · one of two readings recorded this
glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C)
no effect
No changes were observed between treatment arms in HDL-C, triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) levels
PMID:28704936 · one of two readings recorded this
Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)
decreases
HbA1c (WMD = -0.54 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.93 to -0.15)
PMID:30393248 · one of two readings recorded this
glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)
decreases, p = 0.011, n = 64
Interestingly, HbA1c values decreased with exercise training in the Ex+PLA and Ex+CrM groups as well as in the NoEx+CrM group.
PMID:42578920 · one of two readings recorded this
Sources cited
27 papers
- Subject
- glycated haemoglobin (hba1c)
- Findings
- 27
- Papers
- 27
Evaluating the Effects of Nanocurcumin Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.record2026PMID:421711911 finding
Curcumin Attenuates Liver Steatosis via Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial.record2025PMID:410965561 finding
Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Glycemic Index: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.record2025PMID:408856031 finding
Efficacy and safety of empagliflozin for the acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.record2025PMID:404892931 finding
The effect of melatonin supplementation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.record2025PMID:406982481 finding
Curcumin effects on glycaemic indices, lipid profile, blood pressure, inflammatory markers and anthropometric measurements of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.record2024PMID:382329061 finding
Efficacy and safety of once-weekly tirzepatide for weight management compared to placebo: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis including the latest SURMOUNT-2 trial.record2024PMID:388504401 finding
Tolerability of glutamine supplementation in older adults: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.record2024PMID:388088901 finding
An updated meta-analysis of effects of curcumin on metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease based on available evidence from Iran and Thailand.record2023PMID:370378911 finding
Effect of vitamin E intake on glycemic control and insulin resistance in diabetic patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.record2023PMID:368009651 finding
Overall and Sex-Specific Effect of Berberine on Glycemic and Insulin-Related Traits: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.record2023PMID:375987531 finding
Effect of thiamine supplementation on glycaemic outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.record2022PMID:360080641 finding
Efficacy and Safety of Empagliflozin on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.record2022PMID:352824551 finding
Efficacy of Resveratrol Supplementation on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.record2022PMID:354319941 finding
The effects of berberine supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.record2022PMID:363130961 finding
Effects of daily administration of melatonin before bedtime on fasting insulin, glucose and insulin sensitivity in healthy adults and patients with metabolic diseases. A systematic review and meta-analysis.record2021PMID:343703381 finding
The role of lycopene for the amelioration of glycaemic status and peripheral antioxidant capacity among the Type II diabetes mellitus patients: a case-control study.record2021PMID:341803361 finding
Effects of l-arginine supplementation on glycemic profile: Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.record2020PMID:325613571 finding
Gut microbiome-related effects of berberine and probiotics on type 2 diabetes (the PREMOTE study).record2020PMID:330241201 finding
No effect of resveratrol supplementation after 6 months on insulin sensitivity in overweight adults: a randomized trial.record2020PMID:324921381 finding
The effects of astaxanthin supplementation on obesity, blood pressure, CRP, glycemic biomarkers, and lipid profile: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.record2020PMID:327556131 finding
Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Insulin Resistance in Korean Patients with Prediabetes: A Pilot Single-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.record2018PMID:301513731 finding
Effect of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Diabetes Biomarkers: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials.record2016PMID:275443691 finding
Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Curcumin: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial.record2016PMID:272708721 finding
A randomized placebo-controlled pilot study of pravastatin as an adjunctive therapy in schizophrenia patients: effect on inflammation, psychopathology, cognition and lipid metabolism.record2014PMID:252618821 finding
Effect of resveratrol on glucose control and insulin sensitivity: a meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials.record2014PMID:246958901 finding
Curcuminoids exert glucose-lowering effect in type 2 diabetes by decreasing serum free fatty acids: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.record2013PMID:229304031 finding