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a ganglioside GM1

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

Inferred

Every route here is a hypothesis drawn from reference reactions (Rhea and Human-GEM), not a finding. Currency species such as water, ATP and NAD(H) never form a step. Evidence key

12 compounds within 3 steps: 4 in 1, 5 in 2, 3 in 3

Does it reach a compound?

One step

N-acetylneuraminateReach from here →
1. a ganglioside GM1 + H2O = a ganglioside GA1 + N-acetylneuraminate
Catalysed by NEU3, NEU2
a ganglioside GD1aReach from here →
1. a ganglioside GM1 + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GD1a + CMP + H(+)
Catalysed by ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2
a ganglioside GA1Reach from here →
1. a ganglioside GM1 + H2O = a ganglioside GA1 + N-acetylneuraminate
Catalysed by NEU3, NEU2
a ganglioside Fuc-GM1Reach from here →
1. a ganglioside GM1 + GDP-beta-L-fucose = a ganglioside Fuc-GM1 + GDP + H(+)
Catalysed by FUT1, FUT2

Two steps

a ganglioside beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->6)-GA1Reach from here →
1. a ganglioside GM1 + H2O = a ganglioside GA1 + N-acetylneuraminate
2. a ganglioside GA1 + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = a ganglioside beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->6)-GA1 + UDP + H(+)
Catalysed by NEU3, NEU2, GCNT1
a ganglioside GalNAc-GD1aReach from here →
1. a ganglioside GM1 + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GD1a + CMP + H(+)
2. a ganglioside GD1a + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine = a ganglioside GalNAc-GD1a + UDP + H(+)
Catalysed by ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2, B4GALNT1

Three steps

an 8-O-sulfo-ganglioside GM1bReach from here →
Catalysed by NEU3, NEU2, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2 and 1 more
CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminateReach from here →

a ganglioside GM1b

Reach from here →

a ganglioside GM1 + H2O = a ganglioside GA1 + N-acetylneuraminate
a ganglioside GA1 + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GM1b + CMP + H(+)

Catalysed by NEU3, NEU2, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2

a ganglioside Fuc-GA1Reach from here →

a ganglioside GM1 + H2O = a ganglioside GA1 + N-acetylneuraminate
a ganglioside GA1 + GDP-beta-L-fucose = a ganglioside Fuc-GA1 + GDP + H(+)

Catalysed by NEU3, NEU2, FUT1, FUT2

a ganglioside GT1aReach from here →

a ganglioside GM1 + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GD1a + CMP + H(+)
a ganglioside GD1a + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GT1a + CMP + H(+)

Catalysed by ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2, ST8SIA6

Catalysed by ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2, ST8SIA6

a ganglioside GD1cReach from here →

a ganglioside GM1 + H2O = a ganglioside GA1 + N-acetylneuraminate
a ganglioside GA1 + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GM1b + CMP + H(+)
a ganglioside GM1b + CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate = a ganglioside GD1c + CMP + H(+)

Catalysed by NEU3, NEU2, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL2 and 1 more