3-methyl-(2E)-glutaconyl-CoA

Three steps

• (9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-cholesterolReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (linolenate)
  3. (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoA + cholesterol = (9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-cholesterol + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• cholesteryl (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (dihomo-gamma-linolenate)
  3. Acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• O-tetradecanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-tetradecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)
  3. (R)-carnitine + octadecanoyl-CoA = O-octadecanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• O-eicosanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)
  3. eicosanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-eicosanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• O-4,8-dimethylnonanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Carnitine Dimethyl Nonanoyl Transferase, Revsible, Peroxisomal

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, CRAT and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 7 routes

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)
  3. 2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + octadecanoyl-CoA = 1-octadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 1-octadecanoyl-2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)
  3. 2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + octadecanoyl-CoA = 1-octadecanoyl-2-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosapentaenoyl)-cholesterolReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (EPA)
  3. Acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• N-tetradecanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-tetradecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-eicosanoylglycinateReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)
  3. eicosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-eicosanoylglycinate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-docosanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (behenic acid)
  3. docosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-docosanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-hexacosanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)
  3. hexacosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexacosanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• an N(2)-acyl-L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. an acyl-CoA + L-glutamine = an N(2)-acyl-L-glutamine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatus

• (2E,5Z)-tetradecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (physeteric acid)
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (5-tetradecenoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 8 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (2E,7Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (7-palmitoleic acid)
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (7-hexadecenoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 8 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• cholesteryl (11Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. Transport of 11-Octadecenoyl Carnitine into the Mitochondrial Matrix
  3. (11Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl (11Z)-octadecenoate + CoA

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SOAT1mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• a 3-oxoacyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. an acyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA = a 3-oxoacyl-CoA + CoA

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• taurochenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. Formation of 3-Methyl-Glutaconate
  2. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase
  3. 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanoyl-CoA:taurine N-choloyltransferase

  Catalysed by ACAA1, SCP2, MYO5B, BAATmitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 5 routes