thioredoxin disulfide

Three steps

• L-methionine (R)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• S-sulfanylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. sulfotransferase (thioredoxin)
  3. S-sulfanylglutathione + O2 + H2O = sulfite + glutathione + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-[(R)-4-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate:L-cysteine ligase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3-iodo-L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-prolineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N-benzoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-sulfino-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 7 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• dTMPReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-diphosphate:oxidized-thioredoxin 2'-oxidoreductase
  3. deoxythymidylate kinase (dADP)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• ubiquinol-10Reach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. sulfotransferase (thioredoxin)
  3. ubiquinone-10 + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+) = ubiquinol-10 + thiosulfate

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N(5)-[(Z)-amino(hydroxyimino)methyl]ornithineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. mitothioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. L-arginine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (N-(omega)-hydroxyarginine-forming)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• thio-Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• glycodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-tetradecanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-tetradecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-eicosanoylglycinateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. eicosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-eicosanoylglycinate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-docosanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. docosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-docosanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-hexacosanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. hexacosanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexacosanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• an N(2)-acyl-L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. thioredoxin phosphorylation
  3. an acyl-CoA + L-glutamine = an N(2)-acyl-L-glutamine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• thiamine(1+) diphosphateReach from here →
  1. 2-Deoxyuridine 5-Diphosphate:Oxidized-Thioredoxin 2-Oxidoreductase
  2. 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate:oxydized-thioredoxin 2'-oxidoreductase
  3. Antiport of thiamine-diphosphate and dATP

  Catalysed by TXN, RRM1, RRM2, RRM2B and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes