Compound
ethanol
A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in alcoholic beverages.
Structure
Loading the model…
- Class
- Organic compound
- Formula
- C2H6O
- Mass
- 46.069 g/mol
- Charge
- 0
- InChIKey
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- SMILES
- CCO
- Look it up
- ChEBIPubChemBy InChIKey
Identity from ChEBI, geometry from PubChem. Not evidence.
What the evidence says
How to read these marks1 finding · 1 endpoint · 1 paper · by evidence strength
What moved
1 finding
Increases alanine aminotransferase
InsufficientEvidence strength: insufficient. Mechanistic inference, no evidence found, or evidence weakened below very limited.Finding“Chronic ethanol consumption resulted in significant increases in plasma alanine aminotransferase in MF (1.84-fold) and HF mice (2.33-fold), yet liver triglycerides only increased significantly in the HF model (1.62-fold).”
Quoted verbatim from Increased dietary fat contributes to dysregulation of the LKB1/AMPK pathway and increased damage in a mouse model of early-stage ethanol-mediated steatosis.. - Study
- animal · not in humans
- Duration
- 6 weeks
- Dose
- ethanol 2%-6% in modified Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet, increasing concentrations, 6 weeks
- Population
- Male C57BL/6J mice pair-fed a modified Lieber-DeCarli diet with moderate fat or high fat calories, with ethanol versus the same diet without ethanol
Increased dietary fat contributes to dysregulation of the LKB1/AMPK pathway and increased damage in a mouse model of early-stage ethanol-mediated steatosis.2013PMID:23465594Permalink
What it touches on the way
Mechanistic reach
11 entities
11 entities reached.
0 reported hops11 assembled from the scaffold
- CYP2E1ProteinUNIPROT:P05181metabolized byInferred only44 paths44 endpoints
- PLD1ProteinUNIPROT:Q13393substrate ofInferred only44 paths44 endpoints
- CATProteinUNIPROT:P04040substrate ofInferred only34 paths34 endpoints
- ADH1CProteinUNIPROT:P00326metabolized byInferred only22 paths11 endpoints
- ADH1AProteinUNIPROT:P07327metabolized byInferred only17 paths17 endpoints
- ADH5ProteinUNIPROT:P11766metabolized byInferred only16 paths16 endpoints
- ADH4ProteinUNIPROT:P08319metabolized byInferred only14 paths14 endpoints
- ADH7ProteinUNIPROT:P40394metabolized byInferred only12 paths12 endpoints
- AKR1A1ProteinUNIPROT:P14550substrate ofInferred only11 paths11 endpoints
- ADH1BProteinUNIPROT:P00325metabolized byInferred only10 paths10 endpoints
- ADH6ProteinUNIPROT:P28332metabolized byInferred only5 paths5 endpoints
What the reference databases state
Statements
17 statements
17 statements · 2 reference databases · Subject: ethanol · Sources: Human-GEM, Rhea
- ethanol is converted to acetaldehydeCompoundHuman-GEM MAR03907Inferred only
- ethanol is converted to acetaldehydeCompoundRhea RHEA:25290Inferred only
- ethanol is converted to acetaldehydeCompoundHuman-GEM MAR03905Inferred only
- ethanol is converted to acetaldehydeCompoundHuman-GEM MAR08757Inferred only
- ethanol is converted to acetaldehydeCompoundHuman-GEM MAR08360Inferred only
- ethanol is metabolised by ADH1AProteinHuman-GEM MAR03905Inferred only
- ethanol is metabolised by ADH1BProteinHuman-GEM MAR03905Inferred only
- ethanol is metabolised by ADH1CProteinHuman-GEM MAR03905Inferred only
- ethanol is metabolised by ADH1CProteinRhea RHEA:25290Inferred only
- ethanol is metabolised by ADH4ProteinHuman-GEM MAR03905Inferred only
- ethanol is metabolised by ADH5ProteinHuman-GEM MAR03905Inferred only
- ethanol is metabolised by ADH6ProteinHuman-GEM MAR03905Inferred only
Show the remaining 5
- ethanol is metabolised by ADH7ProteinHuman-GEM MAR03905Inferred only
- ethanol is metabolised by CYP2E1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR08757Inferred only
- ethanol is a substrate of AKR1A1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR03907Inferred only
- ethanol is a substrate of CATProteinHuman-GEM MAR08360Inferred only
- ethanol is a substrate of PLD1ProteinRhea RHEA:44868Inferred only
Reactions
30 reactions
ethanol+NAD(+)acetaldehyde+proton+NADH(2-)
Catalysed by ADH6 or ADH1A or ADH7 or ADH1B or ADH5 or ADH4 or ADH1C
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.1.1.1, 1.1.1.71cytosol
Human-GEM MAR03905CC BY 4.0Reference data
ethanol+NADP(3-)acetaldehyde+proton+NADPH(4-)
Catalysed by AKR1A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.1.1.2cytosol
Human-GEM MAR03907CC BY 4.0Reference data
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedcytosol, extracellular space
Human-GEM MAR05000CC BY 4.0Reference data
ethanol+hydrogen peroxideacetaldehyde+2water
Catalysed by CAT
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.11.1.6peroxisome
Human-GEM MAR08360CC BY 4.0Reference data
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedcytosol, peroxisome
Human-GEM MAR08756CC BY 4.0Reference data
ethanol+proton+NADPH(4-)+dioxygenacetaldehyde+2water+NADP(3-)
Catalysed by CYP2E1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.14.1cytosol
Human-GEM MAR08757CC BY 4.0Reference data
Reaction pageReversibleBalance undeterminableextracellular space
Human-GEM MAR09099CC BY 4.0Reference data
CHEBI:13209+watera long-chain fatty acid+ethanol+hydron
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:16641CC BY 4.0Reference data
CHEBI:17967+water+hydronethanol+ammonium+carbon dioxide
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalanced
Rhea RHEA:21372CC BY 4.0Reference data
ethanol+NAD(1-)acetaldehyde+NADH(2-)+hydron
Catalysed by ADH1C
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalanced
Rhea RHEA:25290CC BY 4.0Reference data
ethanol+a ubiquinonea ubiquinol+acetaldehyde
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:26442CC BY 4.0Reference data
CHEBI:59990+ethanolCHEBI:59991+acetaldehyde
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalanced
Rhea RHEA:27538CC BY 4.0Reference data
On the label
Labelled products
123 products
Source: NIH DSLD · Ingredient: ethanol · 123 products · Declared amount per serving: 3–4 g (2 products)
3 labels state an amount120 do not
- AbsonutrixArtemisininamount not statedper 12 Drop(s)DSLD:322341
- AbsonutrixCitrus Bergamot 500 mgamount not statedper 0.59 mLDSLD:322348
- AbsonutrixGalantamine Hydrobromideamount not statedper 0.59 mLDSLD:322354
- AbsonutrixL-Serine Complexamount not statedper 0.59 mLDSLD:322361
- AbsonutrixLycopene Complexamount not statedper 0.59 mLDSLD:322363
- AbsonutrixPregnenolone Complexamount not statedper 0.59 mLDSLD:322368
- Amazon TherapeuticsAgaricusamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217623
- Amazon TherapeuticsBoldoamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217633
- Amazon TherapeuticsCat's Clawamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:218000
- Amazon TherapeuticsCatuabaamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217725
- Amazon TherapeuticsCha De Bugreamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217728
- Amazon TherapeuticsChuchuhuasiamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217753
Show the remaining 111
- Amazon TherapeuticsClavo Huascaamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217757
- Amazon TherapeuticsCodizoneamount not statedper 15 Drop(s)DSLD:217761
- Amazon TherapeuticsGravi-Agariamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217771
- Amazon TherapeuticsGravio-Catamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:248361
- Amazon TherapeuticsGraviolaamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:248364
- Amazon TherapeuticsGuayusaamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217796
- Amazon TherapeuticsIporuruamount not statedper 5 Drop(s)DSLD:217804
- Amazon TherapeuticsJatobaamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217805
- Amazon TherapeuticsMaytenolamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217806
- Amazon TherapeuticsMyco-Logicamount not statedper 20 Drop(s)DSLD:217807
- Amazon TherapeuticsNeuro Cogentamount not statedper 10 mLDSLD:217961
- Amazon TherapeuticsOrganic Cat's Clawamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:248358
- Amazon TherapeuticsOrganic Graviolaamount not statedper 20 Drop(s)DSLD:217788
- Amazon TherapeuticsPasuchacaamount not statedper 10 mLDSLD:217964
- Amazon TherapeuticsPata De Vacaamount not statedper 10 mLDSLD:217966
- Amazon TherapeuticsPau D'Arcoamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217969
- Amazon TherapeuticsSamambaiaamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217970
- Amazon TherapeuticsSumaamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217998
- Amazon TherapeuticsTranquil Abilityamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:217999
- Amazon TherapeuticsVassourinhaamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:218003
- Bio-Botanical ResearchBiotonicGluten free, 10-12% Volumeamount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:271581
- Complete AscentialsAfterburn CompleteUSPamount not statedper 3 Spray(s)DSLD:315948
- Complete AscentialsDNA Evolveamount not statedper 0.5 mLDSLD:214510
- Douglas LaboratoriesHepat-Ex (Chelidonium)20 %per 1 mLDSLD:8169
- Dr. Clark StoreGreen Black Walnut Extra Strengthhull Grain Alcohol Note: (average tincture strength)(1:0.68)amount not statedper 2 tspDSLD:219953
- Dr. Clark StoreGreen Black Walnut Extra StrengthAlcohol Note: (by volume 25-27%) (50-54 proof)amount not statedper 2 tspDSLD:219953
- Dr. Clark StoreGreen Black Walnut Extra Strengthhull Grain Alcohol Note: (average tincture strength)(1:0.68)amount not statedper 2 tspDSLD:219961
- Dr. Clark StoreGreen Black Walnut Extra StrengthAlcohol Note: (by volume 27.5%) (55 proof)amount not statedper 2 tspDSLD:219961
- Dr. Clark StoreGreen Black Walnut Extra Strengthhull Grain Alcohol Note: (average tincture strength)(1:0.68)amount not statedper 2 tspDSLD:219965
- Dr. Clark StoreGreen Black Walnut Extra StrengthAlcohol Note: (by volume 46%) (92 proof)amount not statedper 2 tspDSLD:219965
- Eclectic HerbCayenneOrganic grain-free alcohol content:67-77%amount not statedper 1 Dropper(s)DSLD:294669
- Eclectic HerbElderberry Red Root Throat Sprayorganic alcohol content: 21%amount not statedper 1 Spray(s)DSLD:294685
- Eclectic HerbPassion FlowerOrganic grain-free alcohol content: 25-35%amount not statedper 1 Dropper(s)DSLD:294967
- Eclectic InstituteBloodroot Grain-Free AlcoholOrganic grain free content 50-60%amount not statedper 15 Drop(s)DSLD:263408
- Eclectic InstituteCalifornia Poppy Grain-Free AlcoholOrganic grain free alcohol content: 55-65%amount not statedper 15 Drop(s)DSLD:263423
- Eclectic InstituteCayenne Grain-Free Alcoholorganic grain free alcohol content: 65-75%amount not statedper 15 Drop(s)DSLD:263430
- Eclectic InstituteCelandine Grain-Free Alcoholorganic grain-free alcohol content: 40-50%amount not statedper 15 Drop(s)DSLD:263435
- Eclectic InstituteGotu Kola Grain-Free Alcoholorganic grain-free alcohol content: 25-35%amount not statedper 15 Drop(s)DSLD:263615
- Eclectic InstituteLemon Balm Grain-Free Alcoholorganic grain-free alcohol content: 61-71%amount not statedper 15 Drop(s)DSLD:263670
- Eclectic InstitutePara-Fight Grain-Free AlcoholOrganic alcohol content: 25-35%amount not statedper 1.5 mLDSLD:263743
- Eclectic InstituteRed Root Grain-Free AlcoholOrganic grain-free alcohol content: 45-55%amount not statedper 15 Drop(s)DSLD:263778
- Eclectic InstituteUsnea Grain-Free Alcoholorganic grain-free alcohol content: 85-95%amount not statedper 15 Drop(s)DSLD:263834
- EmeraldMelatonin Mint Flavoramount not statedper 0.75 mgDSLD:302624
- Emerald LabsMelatonin Mint Flavoramount not statedper 0.75 mgDSLD:302625
- EnergetixJade SourceEthanol Note: 20%amount not statedper 10 Drop(s)DSLD:32961
- EnergetixLotus Vesselamount not statedper 30 Drop(s)DSLD:32511
- EnzymedicaHeartburn Soothe Vanilla-Orange FlavoredSorbitolamount not statedper 1 Chew(s)DSLD:296542
- Flower EssenceSelf-Heal Flower Essencecertified organic ingredientamount not statedper 4 Drop(s)DSLD:323159
- Gaia HerbsOregon Grape Root55-65% Pure Grain Alcohol Note: USPamount not statedper 1 mLDSLD:16339
- Gaia HerbsOsha Rootpure Grain Alcohol Note: (USP) (60-70%)amount not statedper 1 mLDSLD:16341
- Gaia HerbsRaspberry Leaf40-50% Pure Grain Alcohol Note: USPamount not statedper 1.33 mLDSLD:16363
- Gaia HerbsSlippery Elm Inner Bark25-35% Pure Grain Alcohol Note: USPamount not statedper 1.33 mLDSLD:16447
- Gaia HerbsUsnea Lichen60-70% Pure Grain Alcohol Note: USPamount not statedper 1 mLDSLD:16496
- Gaia HerbsWild Yam Rootpure Grain Alcohol Note: (USP) (45-55%)amount not statedper 1 mLDSLD:16541
- Gaia HerbsYellow Dock Root45-55% Pure Grain Alcohol Note: USPamount not statedper 1 mLDSLD:16553
- Gaia OrganicsCertified Organic Mullein Leaforganic Grain Alcohol Note: (USP) (40-50%)amount not statedper 1 mLDSLD:16298
- Gaia OrganicsCertified Organic Uva Ursi Leaforganic Grain Alcohol Note: (USP) (35-45%)amount not statedper 1.33 mLDSLD:16501
- Get Healthy AgainHonokareamount not statedper 0.5 Dropper(s)DSLD:81531
- Get Healthy AgainNano-Redpreservativesamount not statedper 25 Drop(s)DSLD:81734
- GNC Beyond RawLIT AF Grapeamount not statedper 22.67 Gram(s)DSLD:243091
- GNC Beyond RawStrawberry Lemonadeamount not statedper 13.75 Gram(s)DSLD:243022
- Higher NaturePelargoniumEthanol Note: (11%) (w/w)amount not statedper 1 Tablet(s)DSLD:228225
- Maca MagicAdrenaLiftAlcohol Note: (32-40%) (organic ingredients)amount not statedper 30 Drop(s)DSLD:248117
- Maca MagicExpress ExtractAlcohol Note: 35 - 40%amount not statedper 40 Drop(s)DSLD:248118
- Maca MagicMaca VelvetCane Alcohol Note: 30-40%amount not statedper 40 Drop(s)DSLD:276325
- Maca MagicMagic WomanAlcohol Note: 30-45%amount not statedper 20 Drop(s)DSLD:248123
- Maca MagicOrganic HRTAlcohol Note: (30-40%) (organic ingredients)amount not statedper 30 Drop(s)DSLD:248119
- Maca MagicOrganic Maca Magicorganic Alcohol Note: 35-40%amount not statedper 40 Drop(s)DSLD:248124
- Mountain Meadow HerbsAndrographis Herb5%-10% organic grain alcoholamount not statedper 0.25 Teaspoon(s)DSLD:259368
- Mountain Meadow HerbsAshwagandha Root5-10% alcoholamount not statedper 0.25 Teaspoon(s)DSLD:259400
- Mountain Meadow HerbsAshwagandha Root5-10% alcoholamount not statedper 0.25 Teaspoon(s)DSLD:261065
- Mountain Meadow HerbsChaste Tree Berryapprox 5-10%amount not statedper 0.25 tspDSLD:267512
- Mountain Meadow HerbsChaste Tree Berryorganic Grain Alcohol Note: approx. 5-10%amount not statedper 0.25 tspDSLD:267722
- Mountain Meadow HerbsCinnamon Barkorganic Grain Alcohol Note: approx. 5% - 10%amount not statedper 0.12 Teaspoon(s)DSLD:212566
- Mountain Meadow HerbsDandelion Rootapprox 5%-10%amount not statedper 0.13 tspDSLD:267519
- Mountain Meadow HerbsDandelion Rootorganic Grain Alcohol Note: (5-10%)amount not statedper 0.13 Teaspoon(s)DSLD:267723
- Mountain Meadow HerbsEuropean Goldenrodorganic Grain Alcohol Note: approx. 5% - 10%amount not statedper 0.12 Teaspoon(s)DSLD:212579
- Mountain Meadow HerbsEuropean Goldenrodorganic Grain Alcohol Note: approx. 5% - 10%amount not statedper 0.12 Teaspoon(s)DSLD:212583
- Mountain Meadow HerbsGinger Rootapprox 5%-10%amount not statedper 0.13 tspDSLD:267526
- Mountain Meadow HerbsGinger Rootorganic Grain Alcohol Note: (approx 5%-10% )amount not statedper 0.13 Tsp(s)DSLD:267725
- Mountain Meadow HerbsMilk Thistle Seedapprox 5%-10%amount not statedper 0.13 tspDSLD:267559
- Mountain Meadow HerbsPumpkin Seedapprox 5%-10%amount not statedper 0.13 tspDSLD:267577
- Mountain Meadow HerbsPumpkin Seedorganic Grain Alcohol Note: (approx. 5%-10%)amount not statedper 0.13 Tsp(s)DSLD:267734
- Mountain Meadow HerbsRhodiola Rootapprox 5%-10%amount not statedper 0.13 tspDSLD:267579
- Mountain Meadow HerbsSarsaparilla Rootapprox 5%-10%amount not statedper 0.25 tspDSLD:267581
- Mountain Meadow HerbsSarsaparilla Rootorganic Grain Alcohol Note: (approx. 5%-10%)amount not statedper 0.25 tspDSLD:267736
- Mountain Meadow HerbsSlippery Elm Barkapprox 5%-10%amount not statedper 0.13 tspDSLD:267582
- Mountain Meadow HerbsSlippery Elm Barkorganic Grain Alcohol Note: (approx 5%-10%)amount not statedper 0.13 Tsp(s)DSLD:267737
- Mountain Meadow HerbsSt. John's Wortapprox 5%-10% organic grain alcoholamount not statedper 0.25 Teaspoon(s)DSLD:267587
- Mountain Meadow HerbsTurmeric Rootapprox. 5%-10% organic grain alcoholamount not statedper 0.25 Teaspoon(s)DSLD:267589
- Mountain Meadow HerbsTurmeric Rootapprox. 5%-10% organic grain alcoholamount not statedper 0.25 Teaspoon(s)DSLD:267890
- Mountain Meadow HerbsWild Yam Rootapprox. 5%-10% organic grain alcoholamount not statedper 0.25 Teaspoon(s)DSLD:267597
- Mountain Meadow HerbsWild Yam Rootapprox. 5%-10% organic grain alcoholamount not statedper 0.25 Teaspoon(s)DSLD:267893
- Nature's AnswerCascara Sagrada 5,000 mgamount not statedper 5 tspDSLD:58671
- NewtonEverettSuperFlex-HAlcohol Note: (10%) (USP)amount not statedper 3 Spray(s)DSLD:213178
- Omica OrganicsAshwagandha Extract Tonicorganicamount not statedper 360 mgDSLD:331059
- Omica OrganicsLiquid Turmeric Emulsified Extractorganicamount not statedper 1 Dropper(s)DSLD:314592
- Omica OrganicsSuperZLiteorganicamount not statedper 7 Drop(s)DSLD:314593
- Omica OrganicsSuperZLite Zeolite LiquidOrganicamount not statedper 6 Drop(s)DSLD:332164
- Systemic FormulasCXVRM4 Cellamount not statedper 0.2 mLDSLD:206052
- TumoRxBloodroot Tincture & Formula 203Xamount not statedper 1 Drop(s)DSLD:27539
- Urban MoonshineDigestive Bitters Chamomileamount not statedper 0.25 tspDSLD:50520
- Urban MoonshineDigestive Bitters Citrusamount not statedper 0.25 tspDSLD:50589
- Urban MoonshineDigestive Bitters Mapleamount not statedper 0.25 tspDSLD:50640
- Urban MoonshineDigestive Bitters Originalamount not statedper 0.25 tspDSLD:50644
- Urban MoonshineOrganic Digestive Bitters Citrusamount not statedper 0.25 tspDSLD:50584
- Urban MoonshineOrganic Digestive Bitters Mapleamount not statedper 0.25 tspDSLD:50598
- Urban MoonshineOrganic Digestive Bitters Originalamount not statedper 0.25 tspDSLD:50642
- XYMOGENOptiCleanse GHI Rice Originalamount not statedper 49 Gram(s)DSLD:6566
- XYMOGENOptiCleanse GHI Rice Raspberry Lemonade3 gper 60 Gram(s)DSLD:6567
- XYMOGENOptiCleanse GHI Rice Vanilla Delight4 gper 60 Gram(s)DSLD:6574
Label record: NIH Office of Dietary Supplements · CC0
Papers screened
926 papers
- Compound
- ethanol
- Screened
- 926
- Admitted
- 1
- Discarded
- 93
- Not read
- 832
- Showing
- 200 of 926
Produced a finding1 paper
- PMID:234655942026-10-11
Discarded: the wrong intervention59 papers
- PMID:33677930no claim extracted — reagent_not_exposure2026-09-29
- PMID:37933170no claim extracted — reagent_not_exposure2026-09-29
- PMID:40301748no claim extracted — reagent_not_exposure2026-09-29
- PMID:40899337no claim extracted — reagent_not_exposure2026-09-29
- PMID:41922901no claim extracted — reagent_not_exposure2026-09-29
- NCT00006489intervention×1 — no declared intervention names ethanol2026-09-29
- NCT00183196intervention×1 — no declared intervention names ethanol2026-09-29
- NCT00366626intervention×1 — no declared intervention names ethanol2026-09-29
- NCT00449007intervention×1 — no declared intervention names ethanol2026-09-29
- NCT00506753intervention×1 — no declared intervention names ethanol2026-09-29
- NCT00595478intervention×1 — no declared intervention names ethanol2026-09-29
- NCT00752102intervention×1 — no declared intervention names ethanol2026-09-29
and 47 more.
Discarded: another reason, stated per paper29 papers
- PMID:18395094no claim extracted — cause not determined2026-10-11
- PMID:20007851no claim extracted — cause not determined (one pass only) — measured: hepatic steatosis / liver lipid content in ethanol-fed mice, method not stated2026-10-11
- PMID:21194380no claim extracted — cause not determined (one pass only) — measured: hepatic AdipoR2 mRNA and protein expression, mouse liver2026-10-11
- PMID:2459060no claim extracted — cause not determined2026-10-11
- PMID:9699009no claim extracted — subject_absent — DOSED: Curcuma longa (turmeric) ethanolic-aqueous extract; ethanol is only the extraction solvent | Curcuma longa (turmeric) ethanolic-aqueous extract, two dosages; ethanol only as extraction solvent2026-10-11
- PMID:31270906no claim extracted — design_has_no_evidence_type2026-09-29
- NCT00402896design×1 — allocation NA -- not randomised2026-09-29
- NCT00406692design×1 — allocation NON_RANDOMIZED -- not randomised2026-09-29
- NCT00924508design×1 — allocation NON_RANDOMIZED -- not randomised2026-09-29
- NCT00946322design×1 — allocation NA -- not randomised2026-09-29
- NCT00978731design×1 — allocation NA -- not randomised2026-09-29
- NCT01218971design×1 — allocation NON_RANDOMIZED -- not randomised2026-09-29
and 17 more.
Discarded: an endpoint this vocabulary does not hold2 papers
- PMID:22978267no claim extracted — vocabulary gap, passes disagreed: endpoint_near_miss / no_outcome_node — measured: malondialdehyde in stomach tissue, assay not stated; node covers circulating MDA only | gastric stomach-wall mucus content, rat gastric tissue2026-10-11
- PMID:25703252claims extracted but the object named resolved to no node — recorded in candidate_nodes (ADR-0070)2026-10-11
Discarded: no extractable result2 papers
- NCT00661141declared_contrast×32 — no posted analysis compares a ethanol arm with a placebo/no-intervention arm and carries a p-value (Antizol 1.0 mg/kg=unmatched, Antizol 3.0 mg/kg=unmatched, Antizol 5.0 mg/kg=unmatched, Pooled Placebo=unmatched, Overall=unmatched)2026-09-29
- NCT04019093declared_contrast×3 — no posted analysis compares a ethanol arm with a placebo/no-intervention arm and carries a p-value (Jaw Pain Patients: Ethanol=unmatched, Healthy Controls: Ethanol=unmatched, Jaw Pain Patients: Placebo=unmatched, Healthy Controls: Placebo=unmatched)2026-09-29
Discarded: no comparator1 paper
- NCT03106363arm_count×5 — 1 arm(s) -- nothing to compare against2026-09-29
Not read yet832 papers
- PMID:160028142026-10-25
- PMID:161034522026-10-25
- PMID:176468652026-10-25
- PMID:26120872026-10-25
- PMID:88957342026-10-24
- PMID:16295952026-10-24
- PMID:121636942026-10-24
- PMID:170237222026-10-24
- PMID:146118872026-10-24
- PMID:22486242026-10-24
- PMID:192578292026-10-23
- PMID:96072022026-10-23
and 820 more.
Measured, not recorded
- Compound
- ethanol
- Endpoints measured
- 117 endpoints
- Recorded as a finding
- No
Show what was measured
acetaldehyde detoxification
decreases
Nrf2(-/-) mice showed a significantly reduced ability to detoxify acetaldehyde, leading to an accumulation of the toxic metabolite
PMID:18395094 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic steatosis
increases
Loss of Nrf2(-/-) caused a marked steatosis in livers of ethanol-fed mice, and Srebp1 was identified as a candidate transcription factor responsible for lipogenic enzyme induction
PMID:18395094 · one of two readings recorded this
Kupffer cell TNF-alpha secretion and IL-6/Stat-3 activation
increases
ethanol feeding elicited an aggravated inflammatory response mediated by Kupffer cells in Nrf2(-/-) mice as shown by an increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion and activation of the interleukin-6/Stat-3 pathway
PMID:18395094 · one of two readings recorded this
mortality, liver pathology and acetaldehyde detoxification in Nrf2 knockout versus wild-type mice, both fed the ethanol diet
increases, dramatically increased mortality in Nrf2-null mice versus wild-type on ethanol
Not recorded as a finding: the comparison was against another active treatment
Nrf2(-/-) mice displayed a dramatically increased mortality associated with liver failure when fed doses of ethanol that were tolerated by WT mice.
PMID:18395094 · one of two readings recorded this
mortality with liver failure
increases
Nrf2(-/-) mice displayed a dramatically increased mortality associated with liver failure when fed doses of ethanol that were tolerated by WT mice
PMID:18395094 · one of two readings recorded this
total and mitochondrial reduced glutathione
decreases
ethanol consumption led to a progressive depletion of total and mitochondrial reduced glutathione, which was associated with more pronounced structural and functional changes to mitochondria of Nrf2(-/-) mice
PMID:18395094 · one of two readings recorded this
adiponectin expression and circulating levels
increases
Coadministration of rosiglitazone and ethanol increased the expression and circulating levels of adiponectin and enhanced the expression of hepatic adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs) in mice
PMID:20007851 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic adiponectin receptor expression
increases
Coadministration of rosiglitazone and ethanol increased the expression and circulating levels of adiponectin and enhanced the expression of hepatic adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs) in mice
PMID:20007851 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic SIRT1-AMPK signaling
increases
These increases correlated closely with the activation of a hepatic sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) signaling system
PMID:20007851 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic steatosis
decreases
which, in turn, led to increased fatty acid oxidation, reduced lipogenesis, and alleviation of steatosis in the livers of ethanol-fed mice
PMID:20007851 · one of two readings recorded this
lipin 1 expression
modulates
rosiglitazone administration enhanced expression of fatty acid oxidation enzymes, normalized lipin 1 expression, and blocked elevated expression of genes encoding lipogenic enzymes
PMID:20007851 · one of two readings recorded this
AdipoR2 mRNA expression and promoter activity
increases
Treatment of cultured hepatic cells with palmitic acid (a major saturated fatty acid in HSF diet) in the presence of ethanol robustly increased AdipoR2 mRNA expression and enhanced activity of a mouse AdipoR2 promoter
PMID:21194380 · one of two readings recorded this
FoxO1 acetylation
decreases
Administration of an HSF diet blocked hyperacetylation of forkhead transcription factor 1 (FoxO1), a known target of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), increased nuclear FoxO1 protein levels, and enhanced association of FoxO1 with the AdipoR2 promoter in the livers of ethanol-fed mice
PMID:21194380 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2) mRNA and protein levels in mouse liver
increases, selective increase, no magnitude stated; only in mice on a high saturated fat diet
Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint
The mRNA and protein levels of hepatic AdipoR2 were selectively increased by chronic ethanol feeding to mice consuming a diet high in saturated fat (HSF).
PMID:21194380 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic AdipoR2 mRNA and protein levels, FoxO1 acetylation in ethanol-fed mice on a high saturated fat diet
increases, AdipoR2 mRNA and protein selectively increased by chronic ethanol feeding with a high saturated fat diet
Not recorded as a finding: the comparison was against another active treatment
The mRNA and protein levels of hepatic AdipoR2 were selectively increased by chronic ethanol feeding to mice consuming a diet high in saturated fat (HSF).
PMID:21194380 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic AdipoR2 mRNA and protein
increases
The mRNA and protein levels of hepatic AdipoR2 were selectively increased by chronic ethanol feeding to mice consuming a diet high in saturated fat (HSF)
PMID:21194380 · one of two readings recorded this
palmitic acid effect on AdipoR2
decreases
Knocking down SIRT1 or FoxO1 using the small silencing SIRT1 or FoxO1 plasmid blunted the palmitic acid effect
PMID:21194380 · one of two readings recorded this
gastric acidity (pylorus ligation, control)
Pylorus ligation accumulated 10.24 mL gastric secretions with 66.56 mEq of acidity in control rats
PMID:22978267 · one of two readings recorded this
gastric secretion volume (pylorus ligation, control)
Pylorus ligation accumulated 10.24 mL gastric secretions with 66.56 mEq of acidity in control rats
PMID:22978267 · one of two readings recorded this
gastric stomach-tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) after 80% ethanol in rats
increases, MDA rose from 19.02 to 29.22 nmol/g with ethanol
Not recorded as a finding: a node exists but the paper states a different instrument or population
The MDA levels increased from 19.02 to 29.22 nmol/g by ethanol ingestion and decreased with G. sylvestre pretreatments in dose-dependent manner.
PMID:22978267 · one of two readings recorded this
protection against ethanol ulcerogenic effect
decreases
G. sylvestre pretreatment at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg provided 27, 49, and 63% protection against the ulcerogenic effect of ethanol, respectively
PMID:22978267 · one of two readings recorded this
protection against ethanol ulcerogenic effect
decreases
G. sylvestre pretreatment at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg provided 27, 49, and 63% protection against the ulcerogenic effect of ethanol, respectively
PMID:22978267 · one of two readings recorded this
protection against ethanol ulcerogenic effect
decreases
G. sylvestre pretreatment at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg provided 27, 49, and 63% protection against the ulcerogenic effect of ethanol, respectively
PMID:22978267 · one of two readings recorded this
stomach malondialdehyde (MDA)
increases
The MDA levels increased from 19.02 to 29.22 nmol/g by ethanol ingestion and decreased with G. sylvestre pretreatments in dose-dependent manner
PMID:22978267 · one of two readings recorded this
stomach non-protein sulfhydryl groups (NP-SH)
decreases, p = 0.001
Ethanol caused significant depletion in stomach-wall mucus (p < 0.001), total proteins (p < 0.01), nucleic acids (p < 0.001), and NP-SH (p < 0.001) levels
PMID:22978267 · one of two readings recorded this
stomach nucleic acids
decreases, p = 0.001
Ethanol caused significant depletion in stomach-wall mucus (p < 0.001), total proteins (p < 0.01), nucleic acids (p < 0.001), and NP-SH (p < 0.001) levels
PMID:22978267 · one of two readings recorded this
stomach total proteins
decreases, p = 0.01
Ethanol caused significant depletion in stomach-wall mucus (p < 0.001), total proteins (p < 0.01), nucleic acids (p < 0.001), and NP-SH (p < 0.001) levels
PMID:22978267 · one of two readings recorded this
stomach-wall mucus, total proteins, nucleic acids and non-protein sulfhydryl (NP-SH) levels in rat gastric tissue after 80% ethanol
decreases, significant depletion of stomach-wall mucus, total proteins, nucleic acids and NP-SH
Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint
Ethanol caused significant depletion in stomach-wall mucus (p < 0.001), total proteins (p < 0.01), nucleic acids (p < 0.001), and NP-SH (p < 0.001) levels.
PMID:22978267 · one of two readings recorded this
stomach-wall mucus
decreases, p = 0.001
Ethanol caused significant depletion in stomach-wall mucus (p < 0.001), total proteins (p < 0.01), nucleic acids (p < 0.001), and NP-SH (p < 0.001) levels
PMID:22978267 · one of two readings recorded this
liver triglycerides, assay not stated (mouse liver tissue, not serum)
increases, 1.62-fold in the HF model
Not recorded as a finding: Node serum-triglycerides requires serum or plasma after a stated fast; this is liver tissue, and only the high-fat group was significant.
Chronic ethanol consumption resulted in significant increases in plasma alanine aminotransferase in MF (1.84-fold) and HF mice (2.33-fold), yet liver triglycerides only increased significantly in the HF model (1.62-fold).
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
liver triglycerides, method not stated
increases, 1.62-fold in the HF model only
Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for hepatic triglyceride content; serum-triglycerides node is circulating only
Chronic ethanol consumption resulted in significant increases in plasma alanine aminotransferase in MF (1.84-fold) and HF mice (2.33-fold), yet liver triglycerides only increased significantly in the HF model (1.62-fold).
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
liver triglycerides
increases
Chronic ethanol consumption resulted in significant increases in plasma alanine aminotransferase in MF (1.84-fold) and HF mice (2.33-fold), yet liver triglycerides only increased significantly in the HF model (1.62-fold)
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
liver triglycerides
no effect
Chronic ethanol consumption resulted in significant increases in plasma alanine aminotransferase in MF (1.84-fold) and HF mice (2.33-fold), yet liver triglycerides only increased significantly in the HF model (1.62-fold)
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
MCAD, LCAD and VLCAD protein expression
increases
Surprisingly, MF plus ethanol significantly elevated protein expression of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD), long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD) and very long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
nuclear SREBP-1c and ChREBP
decreases
In both models, nuclear levels of sterol response element binding protein 1c and carbohydrate response element binding protein were decreased
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
plasma adiponectin, assay not stated
increases, significant increase under moderate fat, not under high fat
Not recorded as a finding: Result differs by diet stratum (moderate fat only), so no whole-population estimate; serum-adiponectin node requires an ELISA and the assay is not stated.
Ethanol addition significantly increased plasma adiponectin under conditions of MF but not HF.
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
plasma adiponectin
no effect
Ethanol addition significantly increased plasma adiponectin under conditions of MF but not HF
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
plasma adiponectin
increases
Ethanol addition significantly increased plasma adiponectin under conditions of MF but not HF
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
plasma alanine aminotransferase
increases
Chronic ethanol consumption resulted in significant increases in plasma alanine aminotransferase in MF (1.84-fold) and HF mice (2.33-fold), yet liver triglycerides only increased significantly in the HF model (1.62-fold)
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
plasma alanine aminotransferase
increases
Chronic ethanol consumption resulted in significant increases in plasma alanine aminotransferase in MF (1.84-fold) and HF mice (2.33-fold), yet liver triglycerides only increased significantly in the HF model (1.62-fold)
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
pSer(108)AMPKβ
decreases
HF plus ethanol decreased pSer(108)AMPKβ, yet a marked 1.5-fold increase in pThr(172)AMPKα occurred
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
pSer(79)ACC
no effect
No change was evident in pSer(79)ACC under conditions of ethanol and HF ingestion
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
pThr(172)AMPKα
increases
HF plus ethanol decreased pSer(108)AMPKβ, yet a marked 1.5-fold increase in pThr(172)AMPKα occurred
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 and fatty acid elongase 5 mRNA
decreases
HF plus ethanol significantly reduced mRNA expression of both stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 and fatty acid elongase 5, but did not have an effect on MCAD or LCAD
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
total and hepatic pThr(172)AMPKα and acetyl CoA carboxylase
decreases
In combination with MF, the addition of ethanol significantly decreased total and hepatic pThr(172)AMPKα and acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC)
PMID:23465594 · one of two readings recorded this
methanol-induced brain biogenic amine changes
increases
When ethanol and methanol were administered simultaneously in identical concentration, the effects produced by methanol were much more pronounced in the presence of ethanol
PMID:2459060 · one of two readings recorded this
steady state level of brain biogenic amines
modulates
Alteration in the steady state level of brain biogenic amines produced by methanol differ considerably in rats when compared to the effects produced by ethanol
PMID:2459060 · one of two readings recorded this
serum adiponectin
decreases
The level of TNF-α in the serum was increased while the Adip content decreased significantly, and there was an inverse relationship between the content of TNF-α and Adip
PMID:25703252 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic ACC
increases
In parallel, there was a 2.53- and 1.82-fold increase of lipogenic genes SREBP1c and ACC, and a 3.22- and 4.12-fold increase of LIP 1 and LIP 1 β mRNA expression, respectively, in the hepatic tissue of the rats
PMID:25703252 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic AdipoR2, SIRT1 and AMPK mRNA and protein expression
decreases
The mRNA and protein expression of AdipoR2, SIRT1, and AMPK was suppressed by EtOH in the rats' hepatic tissue
PMID:25703252 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic lipin 1 beta mRNA
increases
In parallel, there was a 2.53- and 1.82-fold increase of lipogenic genes SREBP1c and ACC, and a 3.22- and 4.12-fold increase of LIP 1 and LIP 1 β mRNA expression, respectively, in the hepatic tissue of the rats
PMID:25703252 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic lipin 1 mRNA
increases
In parallel, there was a 2.53- and 1.82-fold increase of lipogenic genes SREBP1c and ACC, and a 3.22- and 4.12-fold increase of LIP 1 and LIP 1 β mRNA expression, respectively, in the hepatic tissue of the rats
PMID:25703252 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic p-AMPK
decreases
Additionally, EtOH significantly decreased p-AMPK by 90% over the 16-week period
PMID:25703252 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic SREBP1c mRNA
increases
In parallel, there was a 2.53- and 1.82-fold increase of lipogenic genes SREBP1c and ACC, and a 3.22- and 4.12-fold increase of LIP 1 and LIP 1 β mRNA expression, respectively, in the hepatic tissue of the rats
PMID:25703252 · one of two readings recorded this
hepatic steatosis, necrosis and inflammation
increases
In this model of ethanol (EtOH) administration, hepatic steatosis, necrosis, as well as inflammation were increased over the 16-week period
PMID:25703252 · one of two readings recorded this
serum TNF-α
increases
The level of TNF-α in the serum was increased while the Adip content decreased significantly, and there was an inverse relationship between the content of TNF-α and Adip
PMID:25703252 · one of two readings recorded this
serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha and adiponectin in rats gavaged with alcohol for 16 weeks
increases, serum TNF-alpha increased
Not recorded as a finding: the supporting sentence never names the compound
The level of TNF-α in the serum was increased while the Adip content decreased significantly, and there was an inverse relationship between the content of TNF-α and Adip.
PMID:25703252 · one of two readings recorded this
serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha, assay not stated (rat)
increases, increased, no magnitude stated
Not recorded as a finding: The only sentence carrying the result is agentless and does not name ethanol; no comparator stated in the sentence.
The level of TNF-α in the serum was increased while the Adip content decreased significantly, and there was an inverse relationship between the content of TNF-α and Adip.
PMID:25703252 · one of two readings recorded this
Genetic correlation of SRE scores with alcohol dependence and DSM-IV AD criterion count
rg 0.35-0.76
Overall, genetic correlations (rg) with AD and DSM-IV AD criterion count were higher for SRE-T (rg=0.49 -0.76) than for SRE-5 (rg=0.35-0.48) (Table 2).
PMID:31270906 · one of two readings recorded this
Genome-wide association of SRE-T with a chromosome 11 locus
increases, rs10647170, p=3.53E-09
The most significant association results were with variants on chromosome 11 in COGA-AA+EA (most significant: rs10647170, p=3.53E-09), with both subsamples providing supporting evidence for the association.
PMID:31270906 · one of two readings recorded this
Heritability and genetic correlation of SRE scores with alcohol dependence (AD) and DSM-IV AD criterion count
increases
Overall, genetic correlations (rg) with AD and DSM-IV AD criterion count were higher for SRE-T (rg=0.49 -0.76) than for SRE-5 (rg=0.35-0.48) (Table 2).
PMID:31270906 · one of two readings recorded this
Polygenic risk score prediction of alcohol dependence phenotypes from SRE GWAS summary statistics
increases
The strongest finding was for polygenic scores based on the COGA-EA SRE-T GWAS, which predicted 2.48% of the variance in AD in the SAGE-EA.
PMID:31270906 · one of two readings recorded this
Self-Report of the Effects of Alcohol (SRE) score — number of standard drinks required to produce four subjective alcohol effects, self-report questionnaire, analysed by genome-wide association study
Not recorded as a finding: a design this vocabulary does not classify
Latent genetic influences (familial h2) contributed to 21-31% of the variance in SRE scores, indicating moderate heritability (Table 2).
PMID:31270906 · one of two readings recorded this
Self-Report of the Effects of Alcohol (SRE) score — number of standard drinks required to produce subjective intoxication effects — heritability and genome-wide association with alcohol dependence
h2 21-31% (SRE score heritability), n = 6250
Not recorded as a finding: a design this vocabulary does not classify
Latent genetic influences (familial h2) contributed to 21-31% of the variance in SRE scores, indicating moderate heritability (Table 2).
PMID:31270906 · one of two readings recorded this
Self-Report of the Effects of Alcohol (SRE-T and SRE-5) score, genome-wide association
Latent genetic influences (familial h2) contributed to 21-31% of the variance in SRE scores, indicating moderate heritability (Table 2).
PMID:31270906 · one of two readings recorded this
Self-Report of the Effects of Alcohol (SRE-T, SRE-5) score heritability
h2 21-31%, n = 6250
Latent genetic influences (familial h2) contributed to 21-31% of the variance in SRE scores, indicating moderate heritability (Table 2).
PMID:31270906 · one of two readings recorded this
Cumulative mean volume reduction ratio (VRR) of EA, overall
83.908% (95% CI 79.358-88.457%), n = 1514
The cumulative mean VRR of all the included 19 studies was 83.908% (95% confidence interval [CI], 79.358% to 88.457%), irrespective of the timing of ultrasound evaluation and number of treatment sessions.
PMID:33677930 · one of two readings recorded this
Cumulative volume reduction ratio (VRR), overall
increases, 83.908% (95% CI 79.358%-88.457%)
The cumulative mean VRR of all the included 19 studies was 83.908% (95% confidence interval [CI], 79.358% to 88.457%), irrespective of the timing of ultrasound evaluation and number of treatment sessions.
PMID:33677930 · one of two readings recorded this
Major complication incidence (self-limiting dysphonia)
increases, n = 1136
Overall, the incidence of self-limiting dysphonia was 0.53% (six of the included 1,136 cases) in patients who underwent EA for benign thyroid cysts and PCTNs.
PMID:33677930 · one of two readings recorded this
Self-limiting dysphonia (major complication) incidence
increases, n = 1136
Overall, the incidence of self-limiting dysphonia was 0.53% (six of the included 1,136 cases) in patients who underwent EA for benign thyroid cysts and PCTNs.
PMID:33677930 · one of two readings recorded this
Therapeutic success rate, EA versus other non-surgical management
no effect, OR 0.867 (95% CI 0.132-5.689), p = 0.88
The pooled OR of the therapeutic success rates for EA as compared with other non-surgical managements was 0.867 (95% CI, 0.132 to 5.689; P=0.880; I2=75%).
PMID:33677930 · one of two readings recorded this
Therapeutic success rate (volume reduction >50% from baseline) vs. other non-surgical management
no effect, OR 0.867 (95% CI 0.132-5.689), p = 0.88
The pooled OR of the therapeutic success rates for EA as compared with other non-surgical managements was 0.867 (95% CI, 0.132 to 5.689; P=0.880; I2=75%).
PMID:33677930 · one of two readings recorded this
Volume reduction ratio and therapeutic success rate of benign thyroid cystic nodules after ethanol ablation compared with other non-surgical treatments
increases, SMD 0.381 (95% CI 0.028-0.734), p = 0.03
Not recorded as a finding: the compound was a reagent, not an exposure
The pooled SMD of EA versus other types of non-surgical management concerning VRR was 0.381 (95% CI, 0.028 to 0.734; P=0.030; I2=79%).
PMID:33677930 · one of two readings recorded this
Volume reduction ratio (VRR), EA versus other non-surgical management (pooled)
increases, SMD 0.381 (95% CI 0.028-0.734), p = 0.03
The pooled SMD of EA versus other types of non-surgical management concerning VRR was 0.381 (95% CI, 0.028 to 0.734; P=0.030; I2=79%).
PMID:33677930 · one of two readings recorded this
Volume reduction ratio (VRR), EA versus polidocanol sclerotherapy
no effect, SMD -0.171 (95% CI -0.410 to 0.068), p = 0.16
EA had a similar VRR to that of polidocanol sclerotherapy (SMD, −0.171; 95% CI, −0.410 to 0.068; P=0.160).
PMID:33677930 · one of two readings recorded this
Volume reduction ratio (VRR) of benign thyroid cystic nodules after percutaneous ethanol ablation
increases, cumulative VRR 83.908% (95% CI 79.358%-88.457%), n = 1514
Not recorded as a finding: the compound was a reagent, not an exposure
The cumulative mean VRR of all the included 19 studies was 83.908% (95% confidence interval [CI], 79.358% to 88.457%), irrespective of the timing of ultrasound evaluation and number of treatment sessions.
PMID:33677930 · one of two readings recorded this
Volume reduction ratio (VRR) vs. other non-surgical management, pooled
increases, SMD 0.381 (95% CI 0.028-0.734), p = 0.03
The pooled SMD of EA versus other types of non-surgical management concerning VRR was 0.381 (95% CI, 0.028 to 0.734; P=0.030; I2=79%).
PMID:33677930 · one of two readings recorded this
Periprocedural complications
no effect, p = 0.98
After analyzing the complications, we found no significant differences in surgery risk with VOM‐EI (RR = 1 [0.67–1.48], p =.98; Supporting Information S2: Figure 3).
PMID:37933170 · one of two readings recorded this
Periprocedural surgical complication risk
no effect, p = 0.98
After analyzing the complications, we found no significant differences in surgery risk with VOM‐EI (RR = 1 [0.67–1.48], p =.98; Supporting Information S2: Figure 3).
PMID:37933170 · one of two readings recorded this
Adverse event rate, ethanol vs ethanol-plus-paclitaxel subgroups
no effect, 15.9% (ethanol) vs 11.9% (ethanol+paclitaxel), p = 0.484
Subgroup analysis for the adverse events rate was calculated to be 15.9% (95%CI: 6.4–28.2%; I2 = 89.3%) for ethanol, and 11.9% (95%CI: 8.5–27.7%) for ethanol combined with paclitaxel; the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.484).
PMID:40301748 · one of two readings recorded this
Adverse event rate (overall, pooled)
n = 782
Ten studies reported AEs with a total of 782 people (Table 5).
PMID:40301748 · one of two readings recorded this
Adverse events rate, ethanol vs. ethanol combined with paclitaxel
no effect, 15.9% ethanol vs 11.9% ethanol+paclitaxel, p = 0.484
Subgroup analysis for the adverse events rate was calculated to be 15.9% (95%CI: 6.4–28.2%; I2 = 89.3%) for ethanol, and 11.9% (95%CI: 8.5–27.7%) for ethanol combined with paclitaxel; the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.484).
PMID:40301748 · one of two readings recorded this
Adverse events rate, overall
increases, n = 782
Ten studies reported AEs with a total of 782 people (Table 5).
PMID:40301748 · one of two readings recorded this
Complete cyst resolution rate after EUS-guided ethanol (with or without sequenced paclitaxel) ablation of pancreatic cystic lesions
increases, Complete cyst resolution 52.6% (95% CI 41.1-64.1%), n = 879
Not recorded as a finding: the compound was a reagent, not an exposure
Of these 879 PCLs, 549 PCLs were completely resolved at a rate of 52.6%(95% CI: 41.1%, 64.1%;I2 = 89.3%).
PMID:40301748 · one of two readings recorded this
Complete cyst resolution rate and adverse event rate after EUS-guided ethanol or ethanol-plus-paclitaxel ablation of pancreatic cystic lesions
52.6% (95% CI 41.1-64.1%), n = 879
Not recorded as a finding: the compound was a reagent, not an exposure
Of these 879 PCLs, 549 PCLs were completely resolved at a rate of 52.6%(95% CI: 41.1%, 64.1%;I2 = 89.3%).
PMID:40301748 · one of two readings recorded this
Complete cyst resolution rate, ethanol vs. ethanol combined with paclitaxel
no effect, 46.5% ethanol vs 65.9% ethanol+paclitaxel, p = 0.105
Subgroup analysis for the CR resulted in a rate of 46.5% (95%CI: 24.9–68.7%; I2 = 92.7%) for ethanol, and 65.9% (95%CI: 58–73.5%) for ethanol combined with paclitaxel, the differences between them were not statistically significant (p = 0.105).
PMID:40301748 · one of two readings recorded this
Complete cyst resolution rate, ethanol vs ethanol-plus-paclitaxel subgroups
no effect, 46.5% (ethanol) vs 65.9% (ethanol+paclitaxel), p = 0.105
Subgroup analysis for the CR resulted in a rate of 46.5% (95%CI: 24.9–68.7%; I2 = 92.7%) for ethanol, and 65.9% (95%CI: 58–73.5%) for ethanol combined with paclitaxel, the differences between them were not statistically significant (p = 0.105).
PMID:40301748 · one of two readings recorded this
Complete cyst resolution rate (overall, pooled)
52.6% (95% CI 41.1-64.1%), n = 879
Of these 879 PCLs, 549 PCLs were completely resolved at a rate of 52.6%(95% CI: 41.1%, 64.1%;I2 = 89.3%).
PMID:40301748 · one of two readings recorded this
Complete cyst resolution rate, overall
increases, 52.6% (95% CI 41.1-64.1%), n = 879
Of these 879 PCLs, 549 PCLs were completely resolved at a rate of 52.6%(95% CI: 41.1%, 64.1%;I2 = 89.3%).
PMID:40301748 · one of two readings recorded this
Freedom from atrial tachycardia or flutter
no effect
Freedom from atrial tachycardia or flutter was similar between groups (Figure S2).
PMID:40899337 · one of two readings recorded this
Freedom from atrial tachycardia or flutter
no effect
Freedom from atrial tachycardia or flutter was similar between groups (Figure S2).
PMID:40899337 · one of two readings recorded this
Fluoroscopy exposure time
increases, MD +9.08 min (95% CI 4.76-13.41), p = 0.007
Fluoroscopy exposure time was significantly longer in the EIVOM group, with moderate heterogeneity (MD +9.08 min; 95% CI 4.76–13.41; I2 = 59.3%, P = 0.007) (Figure 8B).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Fluoroscopy exposure time
increases, MD +9.08 min (95% CI 4.76-13.41), p = 0.007
Fluoroscopy exposure time was significantly longer in the EIVOM group, with moderate heterogeneity (MD +9.08 min; 95% CI 4.76–13.41; I2 = 59.3%, P = 0.007) (Figure 8B).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Freedom from any atrial arrhythmia at 12 months
increases, RR 1.16 (95% CI 1.04-1.29), n = 1179
The pooled RR was 1.16 (95% CI 1.04–1.29; I2 = 0%, P < 0.001), with event rates of 74.5% in the EIVOM group vs. 62.7% in the control group (Figure 3).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Freedom from any atrial arrhythmia recurrence at 12 months, and freedom from atrial fibrillation, following pulmonary vein isolation with adjunctive ethanol infusion of the vein of Marshall (EIVOM) versus PVI alone
increases, RR 1.16 (95% CI 1.04-1.29), n = 1179
Not recorded as a finding: the compound was a reagent, not an exposure
The pooled RR was 1.16 (95% CI 1.04–1.29; I2 = 0%, P < 0.001), with event rates of 74.5% in the EIVOM group vs. 62.7% in the control group (Figure 3).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Freedom from any atrial arrhythmia recurrence at 12 months following EIVOM-based ablation strategies vs. pulmonary vein isolation alone
increases, RR 1.16 (95% CI 1.04-1.29; P < 0.001), n = 1179
Not recorded as a finding: the compound was a reagent, not an exposure
The pooled RR was 1.16 (95% CI 1.04–1.29; I2 = 0%, P < 0.001), with event rates of 74.5% in the EIVOM group vs. 62.7% in the control group (Figure 3).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Freedom from any atrial arrhythmia recurrence at 12 months
increases, RR 1.16 (95% CI 1.04-1.29), n = 1179
The pooled RR was 1.16 (95% CI 1.04–1.29; I2 = 0%, P < 0.001), with event rates of 74.5% in the EIVOM group vs. 62.7% in the control group (Figure 3).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Freedom from atrial fibrillation at 12 months
increases, RR 1.11 (95% CI 1.05-1.18)
the EIVOM group demonstrated statistically significant superiority compared with control (RR 1.11; 95% CI 1.05–1.18; I2 = 0%, P < 0.001), with success rates of 83.1% vs. 72.8%, respectively (Figure 4).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Freedom from atrial tachycardia or flutter at 12 months
no effect, RR 1.01 (95% CI 0.97-1.04), p = 0.61
there was no significant difference between treatment groups in freedom from AT or AFL (RR 1.01; 95% CI 0.97–1.04; I2 = 0%, P = 0.61), with event rates of 91.7% in the EIVOM group vs. 91.3% in controls (Figure 5).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Major adverse event incidence
no effect, RR 0.82 (95% CI 0.38-1.76), p = 0.47
The RR was 0.82 (95% CI 0.38–1.76; I2 = 0%, P = 0.47), with minimal heterogeneity (Figure 11C).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Major adverse events
no effect, RR 0.82 (95% CI 0.38-1.76), p = 0.47
Major complications occurred in 15 EIVOM-treated patients (2.49%) vs. 16 control patients (2.77%). The RR was 0.82 (95% CI 0.38–1.76; I2 = 0%, P = 0.47), with minimal heterogeneity (Figure 11C).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Need for repeat ablation procedure
decreases, RR 0.61 (95% CI 0.46-0.81), p = 0.009
The pooled repeat ablation rate was 7.13% in the EIVOM group compared with 13.50% in controls, yielding a RR of 0.61 (95% CI 0.46–0.81; I2 = 0%, P = 0.009).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Need for repeat ablation procedure
decreases, RR 0.61 (95% CI 0.46-0.81), p = 0.009
The pooled repeat ablation rate was 7.13% in the EIVOM group compared with 13.50% in controls, yielding a RR of 0.61 (95% CI 0.46–0.81; I2 = 0%, P = 0.009).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Overall periprocedural complications
no effect, RR 1.54 (95% CI 0.94-2.54), p = 0.07
While this represented a numerical trend towards increased periprocedural risk with EIVOM, the RR did not reach statistical significance (RR 1.54; 95% CI 0.94–2.54; I2 = 0%, P = 0.07) (Figure 11A).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Overall procedural complication incidence
no effect, RR 1.54 (95% CI 0.94-2.54), p = 0.07
While this represented a numerical trend towards increased periprocedural risk with EIVOM, the RR did not reach statistical significance (RR 1.54; 95% CI 0.94–2.54; I2 = 0%, P = 0.07) (Figure 11A).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Pericardial effusion or pericarditis incidence
no effect, RR 2.42 (95% CI 0.37-15.66), p = 0.23
The RR estimate suggested an increased risk (RR 2.42; 95% CI 0.37–15.66; I2 = 46.0%, P = 0.23), though the extremely wide CI spanning more than 40-fold reflects the relatively low event rate and moderate heterogeneity between studies (Figure 11B).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Pericardial effusion or pericarditis
no effect, RR 2.42 (95% CI 0.37-15.66), p = 0.23
The RR estimate suggested an increased risk (RR 2.42; 95% CI 0.37–15.66; I2 = 46.0%, P = 0.23), though the extremely wide CI spanning more than 40-fold reflects the relatively low event rate and moderate heterogeneity between studies (Figure 11B).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Time-to-event any atrial arrhythmia recurrence hazard
decreases, HR 0.72 (95% CI 0.64-0.81), p = 0.003
In the time-to-event meta-analysis, the EIVOM-based strategy was associated with a significantly lower rate of any atrial arrhythmia recurrence over 12 months compared with PVI alone (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.64–0.81; P = 0.003; I2 = 0%).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Time-to-event hazard of any atrial arrhythmia recurrence over 12 months
decreases, HR 0.72 (95% CI 0.64-0.81), p = 0.003
the EIVOM-based strategy was associated with a significantly lower rate of any atrial arrhythmia recurrence over 12 months compared with PVI alone (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.64–0.81; P = 0.003; I2 = 0%).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Total procedure time
no effect, MD +28.48 min (95% CI -7.71 to 64.66), p = 0.09
The EIVOM strategy was associated with a numerical increase in total procedural time (MD +28.48 min; 95% CI −7.71 to 64.66; I2 = 97%, P = 0.09), though this difference did not achieve statistical significance (Figure 8A).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Total procedure time
no effect, MD +28.48 min (95% CI -7.71 to 64.66), p = 0.09
The EIVOM strategy was associated with a numerical increase in total procedural time (MD +28.48 min; 95% CI −7.71 to 64.66; I2 = 97%, P = 0.09), though this difference did not achieve statistical significance (Figure 8A).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Total radiofrequency ablation time
no effect, MD +4.1 min (95% CI -24.30 to 32.49), p = 0.68
Ablation time did not differ significantly between groups, with substantial heterogeneity (MD +4.1 min; 95% CI −24.30 to 32.49; I2 = 92.8%, P = 0.68) (Figure 8C).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
Total radiofrequency ablation time
no effect, MD +4.1 min (95% CI -24.30 to 32.49), p = 0.68
Ablation time did not differ significantly between groups, with substantial heterogeneity (MD +4.1 min; 95% CI −24.30 to 32.49; I2 = 92.8%, P = 0.68) (Figure 8C).
PMID:41922901 · one of two readings recorded this
microsomal hydroperoxide level after AAPH-induced oxidation
decreases
but, after the induction of oxidation, group C registered the highest value
PMID:9699009 · one of two readings recorded this
microsomal hydroperoxide level, basal
no effect
In microsomes, the basal hydroperoxide levels were similar in all groups
PMID:9699009 · one of two readings recorded this
mitochondrial hydroperoxide concentration, basal
decreases
Group A had the lowest concentration of mitochondrial hydroperoxides
PMID:9699009 · one of two readings recorded this
mitochondrial TBARS production after AAPH-induced oxidation
decreases
TBARS production followed the same trend in mitochondria
PMID:9699009 · one of two readings recorded this
Sources cited
1 paper
- Subject
- ethanol
- Findings
- 1
- Papers
- 1
Other names
10 names
Resolves to: ethanol
- Also called
- [CH2Me(OH)][OEtH]1-hydroxyethanealcoholC2H5OHEthyl alcoholEtOHhydroxyethaneMethylcarbinol
- Sold as
- Dehydrated ethanol