Malondialdehyde (circulating)

Method

Malondialdehyde concentration in plasma, serum or whole blood, by thiobarbituric-acid-reactive-substances colorimetry or by HPLC. The assay is recorded on the edge and is not optional: TBARS reads systematically higher than HPLC because it captures other aldehydes.

The method is part of the endpoint identity. Studies measuring the same quantity by a different method are held as separate endpoints.

Notes

SIGN INVERSION HAZARD against total antioxidant capacity, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase activity and paraoxonase-1 activity. All are reported as 'oxidative status' from one blood draw and often in one table, but this is a lipid-peroxidation damage product improving by FALLING while every defence marker in that group improves by RISING. Also distinct from total lipid peroxide (hydroperoxide) assays, a broader class of the same pathway: in PMID 39872318 the two dissociated. DUPLICATE HAZARD: 'serum malondialdehyde' is proposed separately in this same minting round — it is this analyte restricted to one matrix and must resolve to this node, or the literature splits in half.

Findings

6 findings from 4 compounds, strongest first.

• coenzyme Q10 — no detected effect on

  AWell establishedGrade A, Well established. Replicated human trial evidence, consistent direction.FindingNull result

  “As shown in Table  2, the between-group comparison revealed no significant difference between CoQ10 and placebo groups at the end of the study for MDA (P = 0.692), SOD activity (P = 0.633), and TAC (P = 0.865).”

  Study

  RCT

  Participants

  52

  Duration

  10 days

  Dose

  100 mg three times a day after meals, total 300 mg/day

  Population

  Adults aged 18-65 with 20-60% total body surface area burns admitted to a burn ICU in Isfahan, Iran, all receiving routine burn care and the unit's standard vitamin, selenium, zinc and B-complex supplementation in both arms; primary outcome.

  Coenzyme Q10 supplementation in burn patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.2024PMID:38431600

• curcumin — decreases

  BLikelyGrade B, Likely. Human evidence, limited replication or design limits.Findingreplicated ×1

  “Conversely, MDA levels, a marker of lipid peroxidation, were significantly lower in the curcumin group compared with placebo (1.29 [1.05–1.58] vs. 2.45 [2.14–2.77], p < 0.001), corresponding to a large effect size ( r = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.77–0.91).”

  Study

  RCT

  Duration

  12 months

  Dose

  Curcumin 1500 mg/day orally for 12 months

  Population

  Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity (n=114 randomised); secondary endpoint; between-group comparison at 12 months

  Curcumin Supplementation Reduces Inflammation, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and Antioxidant Status in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.2026PMID:42123439Industry funded

• resveratrol — increases

  BLikelyGrade B, Likely. Human evidence, limited replication or design limits.Finding

  “After 12 weeks, MDA levels increased significantly in both groups, with a larger rise in the RES group, resulting in significantly higher MDA levels in the RES group compared to the control at the end of the study.”

  Study

  RCT

  Participants

  40

  Duration

  3 months

  Dose

  400 mg/day liposomal resveratrol via enteral access, in two doses

  Population

  adults with head and neck cancer on home enteral nutrition; open-label, resveratrol plus HEN versus HEN alone

  Does Resveratrol Impact Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Receiving Home Enteral Nutrition?2025PMID:39940362

• melatonin — decreases

  BLikelyGrade B, Likely. Human evidence, limited replication or design limits.Findingreplicated ×1

  “The reduction in serum MDA in the melatonin group was also statistically significant when compared to the placebo group ( P = 0.03; Table 3).”

  Study

  RCT

  Dose

  Melatonin 5 mg tablet, one tablet nightly one hour before bedtime, for 10 weeks

  Population

  Adults aged 19-75 with chronic kidney failure on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, four PD centres in Iran; 46 recruited, 44 analysed (22 melatonin, 22 placebo) after one exclusion per group for peritonitis; serum MDA was a pre-specified PRIMARY outcome; double-blind, placebo-controlled; MDA measured in serum by colorimetric commercial kit (ZellBio GmbH), intra-assay CV 5.5%; between-group comparison of change from baseline at week 10

  Effects of melatonin on advanced glycation end products, inflammation, and oxidative stress in peritoneal dialysis patients: a randomized controlled trial.2025PMID:41125682Industry funded

• melatonin — decreases

  BLikelyGrade B, Likely. Human evidence, limited replication or design limits.Findingreplicated ×1

  “The meta-analysis indicated that melatonin supplementation considerably lowered serum MDA levels (WMD: −1.54 μmol/L, 95% CI: −2.07, −1.01) and markedly increased serum TAC levels (WMD: 0.15 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.22) in the melatonin-treated group versus the untreated group.”

  Study

  meta-analysis

  Dose

  0.3-100 mg/day oral

  Population

  adults in 63 RCTs of melatonin supplementation vs placebo across mixed clinical populations

  Effect -1.54 mean difference, 95% CI -2.07 to -1.01

  Comprehensive Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.2025PMID:41515249

• curcumin — decreases

  BLikelyGrade B, Likely. Human evidence, limited replication or design limits.Findingreplicated ×1

  “In contrast, nanocurcumin significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (SMD: 1.60; 95% CI: 0.93 to 2.31) and reduced malondialdehyde levels (SMD: -1.93; 95% CI: -3.19 to -0.66), indicating a robust antioxidative effect.”

  Study

  meta-analysis

  Participants

  153

  Population

  adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

  Evaluating the Effects of Nanocurcumin Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.2026PMID:42171191