isobutyryl-CoA

Three steps

• (2E,5Z)-tetradecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glycine N-acyltransferase (isobutyrylglycine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (physeteric acid)
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (5-tetradecenoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by GLYAT, GLYATL2, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 10 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (2E,7Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glycine N-acyltransferase (isobutyrylglycine)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (7-palmitoleic acid)
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (7-hexadecenoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by GLYAT, GLYATL2, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 10 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• cholesteryl (11Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. glycine N-acyltransferase (isobutyrylglycine)
  2. Transport of 11-Octadecenoyl Carnitine into the Mitochondrial Matrix
  3. (11Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + cholesterol = cholesteryl (11Z)-octadecenoate + CoA

  Catalysed by GLYAT, GLYATL2, CPT1A, CPT1C and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• a 3-oxoacyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glycine N-acyltransferase (isobutyrylglycine)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. an acyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA = a 3-oxoacyl-CoA + CoA

  Catalysed by GLYAT, GLYATL2, ASAH1, ACER2 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatus

• taurochenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. glycine N-acyltransferase (isobutyrylglycine)
  2. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase
  3. 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanoyl-CoA:taurine N-choloyltransferase

  Catalysed by GLYAT, GLYATL2, ACAA1, SCP2 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 5 routes