Pathway
Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygen
Carbon dioxide (CO2) in plasma is hydrated to yield protons (H+) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) by carbonic anhydrase IV (CA4) located on the apical plasma membranes of endothelial cells. Plasma CO2 is also taken up by erythrocytes via AQP1 and RhAG. Within erythrocytes CA1 and, predominantly, CA2 hydrate CO2 to HCO3- and protons (reviewed in Geers & Gros 2000, Jensen 2004, Boron 2010). The HCO3- is transferred out of the erythrocyte by the band 3 anion exchange protein (AE1, SLC4A1) which cotransports a chloride ion (Cl-) into the erythrocyte.
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Also within the erythrocyte, CO2 combines with the N-terminal alpha amino groups of HbA to form carbamates while protons bind histidine residues in HbA. The net result is the Bohr effect, a conformational change in HbA that reduces its affinity for O2 and hence assists the delivery of O2 to tissues.
What the reference databases state
Statements
12 statements
12 statements · 1 reference database · Subject: Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygen · Sources: Reactome
- AQP1 participates in Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygenProteinReactome R-HSA-1237044Inferred only
- CA1 participates in Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygenProteinReactome R-HSA-1237044Inferred only
- CA2 participates in Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygenProteinReactome R-HSA-1237044Inferred only
- CA4 participates in Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygenProteinReactome R-HSA-1237044Inferred only
- CYB5R1 participates in Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygenProteinReactome R-HSA-1237044Inferred only
- CYB5R2 participates in Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygenProteinReactome R-HSA-1237044Inferred only
- CYB5R4 participates in Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygenProteinReactome R-HSA-1237044Inferred only
- CYB5RL participates in Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygenProteinReactome R-HSA-1237044Inferred only
- HBA1; HBA2 participates in Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygenProteinReactome R-HSA-1237044Inferred only
- HBB participates in Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygenProteinReactome R-HSA-1237044Inferred only
- RHAG participates in Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygenProteinReactome R-HSA-1237044Inferred only
- SLC4A1 participates in Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygenProteinReactome R-HSA-1237044Inferred only